GEORGIA'S OPPORTUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL INNOVATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8(77)) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Izolda Gabadadze ◽  
Nino Mushkudiani ◽  
Ineza Tsereteli
Keyword(s):  
Initial Level ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Individual Indicator ◽  
New Jobs

Innovation is a means of meeting growing demand in the face of global competition and limited resources. Its role is especially important for Georgia, because it provides an opportunity to improve living standards. The aim of the article is to determine the appropriate strategy based on the initial level of innovation in Georgia, to establish appropriate measures for the development of innovation activities, to explain the reasons for the increase and decrease of the level of innovation based on the analysis of the Global Innovation Index of Georgia for the last five years.We used the methods of analysis and synthesis, positive and normative, induction and deduction to achieve the set goal. The article gives the level of innovation in Georgia according to the Global Innovation Index (GII). Based on five-year data (2015-2019), the reasons for improvement and deterioration in terms of individual indicator scores and ratings and the opportunities for overcoming are identified. Analysis of Georgia's Global Innovation Index allows us to study its individual indicators and identify the tools that will help create new jobs, increase productivity and sustainable development in the long run.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
Ludmila Ulyanova ◽  
Yuliia Chaika
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. To date, innovations have not had a significant impact on the Ukrainian economy, and at the same time the general macroeconomic situation does not contribute to the intensification of innovation in the business environment. Under the current conditions, Ukraine is forced to use and borrow production and management technologies from leading countries, to catch up with them in technological, innovative and technical development. In this regard, the country needs to focus on the continuous implementation of innovation as a priority of the country's sustainable development strategy. Purpose of the work is to consider the relationship and interdependence of innovation and sustainable development, to determine the impact of innovation on the economic, social and environmental components of development. Considerable attention is paid to identifying the features of innovation in Ukraine based on the analysis of the Global Innovation Index, the share of enterprises implementing innovations and the volume of sold innovative industrial products. Method (methodology). A systematic approach, methods of analysis and synthesis are used to identify the impact of innovation on the components of sustainable development. Historical and statistical methods are used in the analysis of the peculiarities of innovation in Ukraine. Results. Innovation processes and innovation activities affect the economic, social and environmental components of sustainable development. Impact on the economic component will reduce production costs, increase productivity, profitability and increase profits, improve product quality, create new sectors of the economy, increase GDP and increase the country's competitiveness, replenish the budget, increase the share of innovative products in general and in exports in particular . The impact on the social component will be manifested in better meeting the needs of society, improving the duration, quality and standard of living, improving the quality of education. Changes in the environmental component will take place under the influence of innovations in the form of conservation of natural resources and reduction of emissions into the environment. The analysis of the peculiarities of innovation activity in Ukraine showed that innovations in Ukraine are underdeveloped and need to be intensified to build sustainable development. The obtained results can be used in the development of a strategy for sustainable development of Ukraine and the implementation of its policy in economic life.

TOURISM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT IS INCREASING, NEW JOBS WILL INCREASE INCOMES AND LIVING STANDARDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
N.T. Sattarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
New Jobs

One of the important issues of today is the development of the tourism industry with great potential for solving in the near future.The development of the tourism sector will create new jobs, diversify the economy,accelerate the development of regions, increase foreign exchange earnings, increase incomes and living standards

scholarly journals Determinants of ICT Innovations: Lessons Learned from Sweden and Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Chaminda Wijesinghe ◽  
Henrik Hansson ◽  
Love Ekenberg
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Essential Services

Innovation is critical for enterprises and the country’s economy, and it has resulted in an improvement in living standards. There may be appropriate lessons to learn from other countries, but their adoption must be assessed due to education and living standards variations. This paper aims to build an in-depth understanding of the stimulating factors for ICT innovations from Sweden, and examines their adoption in the context of a developing country, Sri Lanka. ICT innovations significantly impact development in other sectors, as they can ease doing business and other essential services. This study is based on seven interviews, including key people leading innovation activities in Sweden. Then, it critically analyses and presents the application of stimulating factors in Sweden to the context of a developing country, namely Sri Lanka. The results indicate that education and mindset, a risk-taking environment, embracing failures, digitalisation and collaboration are the critical determinants of ICT innovations in Sweden. This research is vital for educational policymakers in universities, technology transfer offices, and governmental policymakers.

scholarly journals Learning With Heterogeneous Misspecified Models: Characterization and Robustness

Econometrica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 3025-3077 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Aislinn Bohren ◽  
Daniel N. Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Simple Criterion ◽  
Partisan Bias ◽  
Misspecified Models ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Face ◽  
Parametric Specification ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Source Of Information

This paper develops a general framework to study how misinterpreting information impacts learning. Our main result is a simple criterion to characterize long‐run beliefs based on the underlying form of misspecification. We present this characterization in the context of social learning, then highlight how it applies to other learning environments, including individual learning. A key contribution is that our characterization applies to settings with model heterogeneity and provides conditions for entrenched disagreement. Our characterization can be used to determine whether a representative agent approach is valid in the face of heterogeneity, study how differing levels of bias or unawareness of others' biases impact learning, and explore whether the impact of a bias is sensitive to parametric specification or the source of information. This unified framework synthesizes insights gleaned from previously studied forms of misspecification and provides novel insights in specific applications, as we demonstrate in settings with partisan bias, overreaction, naive learning, and level‐k reasoning.

scholarly journals Challenges of NATO aspıratıon: the dıscrepancy between rhetorıc and realıty

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Khayal Iskandarov ◽  
Piotr Gawliczek
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
The Real ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Near Abroad

The Russo-Georgia war in 2008 and the conflict in Ukraine in 2014 galvanized the countries, which are namely squeezed between NATO and Russia into considering their strategies again. The paper examines Russia’s efforts to maintain its influence in its “near abroad” in the face of NATO’s enlargement. It principally focuses on identifying the challenges particular countries face as obstacles to NATO accession. The arguments raised in the paper prove that, the primary reasons of Russia-Georgia War and Ukraine conflict are associated with these countries’ NATO aspiration. An argument regarding the Alliance’s reluctance to actively engage in partner nations is also presented. The objective of the study is to consider the repercussions of NATO aspiration and introduce the real prospects of cooperation with NATO. The research methods primarily used in the book are comparative analysis and synthesis.

Industry 4.0 technology provision: the moderating role of supply chain partners to support technology providers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Brittes Benitez ◽  
Mateus Ferreira-Lima ◽  
Néstor F. Ayala ◽  
Alejandro G. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Long Run

Purpose The provision of Industry 4.0 solutions demands a vast range of technology domains. To provide these solutions, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may need the support of different supply chain actors through an inbound open innovation strategy. The authors study the contribution of four types of supply chain actors for inbound open innovation: suppliers, competitors with complementary technologies, R&D centers and customers. The authors analyze how these four actors moderate the effect of integrated Industry 4.0 solutions on three main competitive strategies: cost, focalization and differentiation. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a survey on 77 SMEs from the automation sector, using OLS regression with moderating effects. They considered the integration of 15 technologies and 7 classic automation activities in the provision of Industry 4.0 solutions. The authors also studied three competitive outputs – technology cost reduction (cost), customer loyalty (focalization) and technology innovation (differentiation) – as well as four supply chain actors (moderators). Findings Expanding the provision of Industry 4.0 technologies increases customer loyalty and technology innovation. Collaboration with competitors (complementary technologies) leverage these results and reduce technology costs. Integration between customers and R&D centers elevates costs but R&D centers can foster long-run innovation. Originality/value This study is the first to empirically investigate inbound open innovation in the supply chain for technology development in the context of Industry 4.0. The authors discuss how these actors contribute to four inbound open innovation activities: technology scouting; horizontal technology collaboration; vertical technology collaboration; and technology sourcing.

Self-Control and Academic Achievement

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L. Duckworth ◽  
Jamie L. Taxer ◽  
Lauren Eskreis-Winkler ◽  
Brian M. Galla ◽  
James J. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Academic Goals ◽  
Course Grades ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Face ◽  
Standardized Achievement Tests ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Moment

Self-control refers to the alignment of thoughts, feelings, and actions with enduringly valued goals in the face of momentarily more alluring alternatives. In this review, we examine the role of self-control in academic achievement. We begin by defining self-control and distinguishing it from related constructs. Next, we summarize evidence that nearly all students experience conflict between academic goals that they value in the long run and nonacademic goals that they find more gratifying in the moment. We then turn to longitudinal evidence relating self-control to academic attainment, course grades, and performance on standardized achievement tests. We use the process model of self-control to illustrate how impulses are generated and regulated, emphasizing opportunities for students to deliberately strengthen impulses that are congruent with, and dampen impulses that are incongruent with, academic goals. Finally, we conclude with future directions for both science and practice.

scholarly journals Innovate or Perish? Exploring some of the Myths of Construction Innovation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Loosemore
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
The Face

The construction innovation literature suggests that managers face a stark choice. They can innovate or perish in the face of growing global competition and an increasingly uncertain and dynamic world. Innovation is presented as a key area of reform needed to raise business performance, yet at the same time it is argued that Australia is falling behind in the global innovation stakes. Evidence suggests that the Australian Construction sector is a poor innovation performer when compared to all-industry averages and contributes relatively little to the national innovation effort. Drawing on international innovation research, this paper argues that these views are overly simplistic and explores some of the myths that surround the process in the construction industry. Through interviews with some of Australia’s leading innovators and policy-makers it suggests that many of the factors that are said to drive innovation are not as straight forward as they may seem. There are important qualifications to consider and it would seem that construction innovation is a highly interactive and amorphous process, involving many people with multiple interests dealing with day-to-day challenges.Keywords: Innovation, opportunism, strategy, risk.

Climate, insurance and innovation: the case of drought and innovations in drought-tolerant traits in US agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1826-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiqing Miao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Insurance ◽  
Crowding Out ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Us ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Agricultural Innovations

Abstract This paper investigates the effects of crop insurance on agricultural innovation (namely, drought-tolerant traits) in the context of climate change. A conceptual framework is developed to model the market equilibrium of agricultural innovations. Hypotheses derived are then tested by using data for US agriculture. We find that the US agricultural sector responds to climate variation by increasing innovation activities, but this response is weakened by subsidised crop insurance by about 23 per cent. This indicates that crop insurance may have an unintended crowding-out effect as an option of risk management and may inhibit societies’ long-run capacity to adapt to climate change.

scholarly journals China's Employment Crisis – A Stimulus for Policy Change?

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Schucher
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
The Face ◽  
Job Searching ◽  
Capital Intensive ◽  
Intensive Growth ◽  
New Jobs ◽  
Stimulus Package

In the face of severe job problems, China's government has adopted a huge stimulus package in a bid to achieve eight per cent economic growth, which is said to guarantee at least enough jobs for the new entrants to the labour market. The real situation, however, will be much grimmer than statistics indicate. Unregistered groups like unemployed rural migrants, job-searching college graduates, laid-off workers and others together with the officially registered unemployed and the new market entrants could add up to 42 million altogether, while even the most optimistic estimates say only around 15 million new jobs could be created in 2009. Nevertheless, the stimulus package demonstrates an at least temporary shift in economic policy from capital-intensive to labour-intensive growth. Additionally, the new initiatives to boost social-security spending could help to address the grievances of the most vulnerable groups in the labour market. The Chinese government's reaction to the emerging employment crisis once again demonstrates the often underestimated adaptability of China's leadership.

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