scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING UPON THE PRECISION OF PREDICTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE WEST SIBERIA CENOMANIAN DEPOSITS DEVELOPMENT

2015 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
A. O. Lysov ◽  
S. L. Golofast ◽  
A. V. Krasovskiy
Keyword(s):  
West Siberia ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Reservoir Conditions

This paper describes the errors in determining the permeability and porosity of Cenomanian gas deposits. First of all, the authors emphasize the importance of reproducing the reservoir conditions as close as possible in the process of core analysis. According to the authors, if the experimental conditions do not closely imitate the in-situ conditions, then the applicable conversation factors or functions should be used. Using this approach in constructing the petrophysical relation-ships and at other stages of reserves estimation will reduce the uncertainty in determination of the gas reserves value. It is also noticed in the article that a number of factors forming the value of error in reservoir parameters in the areas of wells is inevitable. To improve the quality level of the development design it is necessary to take into account a degree of reliability of initial geological and production data.

A Compact Microcontrolled Microfluidic System for Photometric Determination of Phosphate in Natural Water Samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmundo Dantas Pessoa-Neto ◽  
Tiago Almeida Silva ◽  
Vagner Bezerra dos Santos ◽  
Orlando Fatibello-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Photometric Determination ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Led Photometer

A compact environmentally friendly microcontrolled microfluidic device ideal for in situ phosphate determination was developed based on a microsystem based on low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) coupled to a light-emitting diode (LED)–photometer with a multicommutation flow analysis (MCFA) approach. The experimental parameters of the MCFA analyzer were optimized by chemometric studies. Under the best experimental conditions, limits of detection and quantification of 0.02 mg P L–1 and 0.07 mg P L–1, respectively, and a sampling frequency of 67 h–1 were estimated. Moreover, a low sample consumption of only 60 μL per determination was the other advantage that fully meets the requirements of sustainable research and green chemistry purposes.

scholarly journals Experimental Study About Water Saturation Influence on Changes in Reservoirs Petrophysical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudad Hameed AL-OBAIDI ◽  
Victoria SMIRNOV ◽  
Hiba Hussein ALWAN
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Effective Permeability ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Petrophysical Properties ◽  
Reservoir Conditions ◽  
Water Saturated

Experimental determination of the physical properties of rocks under conditions simulating in situ reservoir conditions is of great importance both for the calculation of reserves and for the interpretation of well logging data. In addition, it is also important for the preparation of hydrocarbon field development projects. The study of the processes of changes in the petrophysical properties of the reservoir under controlled conditions allows not only to determine their reliability but also to evaluate the dynamics of these changes depending on the temperature and pressure conditions of the reservoir and the water saturation of the rocks. In this work, an evaluation of the dependence of the physical properties of hydrocarbon reservoirs on their water saturation (Sw) was carried out. Residual water saturation (Swr) was created in the rocks and the properties of these rocks were compared at the states of partial (25 %) and complete water saturation (100 %). The changes in petrophysical parameters of partially water saturated rocks during the increase in effective pressure were studied and estimates of these changes were obtained. The results showed that when the effective pressure is increased, the Swr increases by an average of 6 % compared to atmospheric conditions. This is accompanied by an increase in the velocity of longitudinal (by 51.9 % on average) and lateral waves (by 37.1 % on average). As residual water saturation increases, effective permeability decreases for both standard and reservoir conditions, with, gas permeability decreasing for both dry samples (by 23 % on average) and samples with residual water saturation (effective permeability decreases by 27 % on average). HIGHLIGHTS Changes in physical properties of hydrocarbon reservoirs by determining physical properties (permeability, porosity, elastic, electrical, deformation strength) under the standard conditions and in physical modelling of reservoir conditions and processes Assessment of the effectiveness of water saturation on the physical properties of the reservoir Comparisons between the petrophysical properties of reservoir core samples in which the pore space is fully saturated with the reservoir fluid model and samples with residual water saturation Experimental determination of the physical properties of rocks under conditions simulating in situ reservoir conditions Estimation of the changes in petrophysical parameters of partial water-saturated rocks during the increase in effective formation pressure GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

scholarly journals Experimental determination of thermal conductivity of soil with a thermal response test

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1117-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Banjac ◽  
Maja Todorovic ◽  
Milan Ristanovic ◽  
Radoslav Galic
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Thermal Response Test ◽  
Response Test ◽  
In Situ Conditions

Optimal design of a borehole heat exchanger, as the outer part of a ground source heat pump heating system, requires information on the thermal properties of the soil. Those data, the effective thermal conductivity of the soil ?eff and the average temperature of the soil T0, enable us to determine the necessary number and depth of boreholes. The determination of thermal conductivity of the soil in laboratory experiments does not usually coincide with the data under in-situ conditions. Therefore, an in-situ method of experimental determination of these parameters, the so-called thermal response test, is presented in this paper. In addition to the description of the experimental procedure and installation overview, the paper describes methods based on theory and presents their basic limitations, through the presentation of experimental data.

In Situ Determination of Glass Transition Temperatures of Epoxy Adhesives in Structural Ceramic Assemblies

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Valérie Nassiet ◽  
Bouchra Hassoune-Rhabbour ◽  
Yves Baziard
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Epoxy Adhesive ◽  
Lap Joint ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Single Lap Joint ◽  
Epoxy Adhesives

A method is described for measuring the glass transition temperature (Tg) of epoxy joints bonding ceramic (SiC) substrates. This method is based on the strain measure of a single-lap joint subjected to a temperature variation. The resulting displacement (d) is observed as a function of the temperature (T) by means of a contact strain gauge extensometer. Thus Tg value can be determined using (d-T) curves recorded. The influence of joint parameters (joint thickness and overlap length) and of other parameters such as the applied load and the surface state of substrates were studied for a structural epoxy adhesive showing different thermomechanical behaviours. The results show that it is possible, with appropriate experimental conditions, to measure Tg with this method and to find Tg values similar to those found by classical techniques such as the static thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). This method shows similarities with TMA, but it has the advantage to allow the thermomechanical analysis of adhesives without destructive sampling of joints.

Whelk (Buccinum undatum) Movement and Its Implications for the Use of Tag–Recapture Methods for the Determination of Baited Trap Fishing Parameters

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 751-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Sainte-Marie
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Buccinum Undatum ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Biased Estimates ◽  
Fishing Area

The tag–recapture method has been used to measure the field of attraction and the effective fishing area of a baited trap. The possibly conflicting experimental conditions required for the determination of these two parameters are, respectively, that tagged animals do not move and that they behave as undisturbed animals, prior to exposure to bait odour. Field observations and in situ experiments were conducted on the north shore of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in 1988 and 1989 to compare behaviour of undisturbed and tagged whelks (Buccinum undatum). In the daytime, ~ 75% of undisturbed whelks were quiescent, being either buried and oriented randomly or static and oriented downstream, while the remainder moved across stream at 2–5 cm∙min−1. In contrast, > 97% of tagged whelks oriented in nonrandom directions and moved at equal or greater speeds, on average, 2.2–9.2 m from release points in less than 6 h. Because neither of the two basic conditions was met, tag–recapture experiments would produce biased estimates of baited trap fishing parameters.

scholarly journals The analysis on the correlation parameters of the embankment compaction under in situ conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 097-104
Author(s):  
Maciej Kumor ◽  
Łukasz Kumor ◽  
Joanna Farmas
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Geotechnical Assessment ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Correlation Parameters ◽  
And Control

Geotechnical assessment of the implementation correctness of a road embankment wide range of issues, among which important selection and control of the quality of the earthworks are extremely significant. The article presents results of in situ tests determining correlations between the depending parameters defined by a static plate – VSS test – E1 and E2, and obtained from the study LFG Dynamic Load Plate. Studies indicate that the determination of the correlation between the parameters characterizing the particle size distribution (Cc, Cu, D10, D20, D30, D60), and the compaction parameters obtained by examining the compaction of sand embankment (Evd, E1, E2, I0) is physically complex and hence extremely difficult. 

scholarly journals Overconsolidation Ratio Determination of Cohesive Soil

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatas Urbaitis ◽  
Ieva Lekstutytė ◽  
Domas Gribulis
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Cohesive Soil ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Overconsolidation Ratio ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Ratio Determination ◽  
Penetration Data

In order to evaluate overconsolidation ratio (OCR) of soil, the necessity to restore them as much as possible to in situ conditions appears, because sometimes when it is not taken into account, mistakes could be made while interpreting mechanical – strength properties of the soil. According to the work purpose, overconsolidation ratio of the investigated soil was set by performing odometer test and the obtained values were compared with the OCR calculated from cone and seismic penetration data. When the tests were performed and data analysed, it was found that OCR values depends on soil occurance depth, strength characteristics and stress conditions. The OCR values decreases with the declination of the depth. As many authors noted in the literature – the upper part of the soil is consolidated abnormally, thereby we can see that in our work. When results are evaluate, we can conclude that all of the analysed soils was overconsolidation. That was demonstrated by calculations according static penetration, oedometer test and seismic waves results. OCR values differences between the laboratory and field tests can show low quality of soil sampling, also due to correlations which was applied.

The effect of oil under in‐situ conditions on the seismic properties of rocks

Geophysics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 894-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Velocity Of Sound ◽  
Oil Sand ◽  
Seismic Properties ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Reservoir Conditions ◽  
Seismic Sections ◽  
Seismic Anomalies

Direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) on seismic sections are commonly thought to be diagnostic only of gas. However, oil sands can also generate DHIs such as bright spots and flat events since oils under in‐situ conditions can contain large amounts of solution gas. This dissolved gas substantially decreases the velocity of sound and the density of the oils as compared to measurements of these properties at surface conditions. Hydrocarbon indicators caused by oil sands are investigated by first measuring the elastic properties of an oil as a function of gas‐oil ratio, next, calculating the elastic properties of additional oil compositions under in‐situ conditions using standard pressure‐volume‐temperature (PVT) measurements, and then calculating the compressional velocity in oil‐saturated rocks for several typical oils using Gaasmann’s equation. The potential for seismic anomalies caused by oil‐saturated rocks is higher than thought because the properties of oil under reservoir conditions can differ significantly from those of surface oils. Specifically: 1) The properties of oil depend on its composition: the higher the API gravity and the gas‐to‐oil ratio (GOR), the lower the density and velocity of sound (adiabatic bulk modulus) and the lower the velocity of a rock saturated with the oil. 2) Calculations of oil‐sand velocities using the in situ properties of oils show that areas having light oils and/or poorly consolidated rocks are the most likely areas in which to encounter oil DHIs. Since overpressured areas can have both poorly consolidated rocks and high GOR oils, they are especially prone to large oil responses.

scholarly journals Determination of permeability of overconsolidated clay from pressuremeter pressure hold tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-527
Author(s):  
Lang Liu ◽  
David Elwood ◽  
Derek Martin ◽  
Rick Chalaturnyk
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Creep Effect ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Sample Recovery ◽  
Horizontal Permeability

A method was developed to interpret the horizontal permeability (kh) from pressuremeter pressure hold tests (PHTs) of approximately 3 min duration. The method relies on a regression analysis of the numerical analysis simulating the consolidation of clay under a constant pressure boundary during undrained expansion. The method was applied to a series of PHTs performed in deep clay formations in the Seattle area. The interpreted permeabilities are thought to be more representative of in situ conditions than those determined by laboratory testing by virtue of reduced disturbance during sample recovery and preparation. Results could be improved with a further exclusion of the creep effect on PHTs.

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