A supposed fifth wave of Latin American regionalism and human needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Sébastien Dubé
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Functionalist Theory ◽  
Basic Human Needs ◽  
America Latina ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Technical Organizations ◽  
Conditions Sociales ◽  
Article Analyse

Abstract: This article analyzes the evolution, between 2010 and 2020, of the organizations created during the Latin American post–liberal regionalism wave. It describes their rise and decline and includes recent public opinion data to claim that there is no demand or supply for an eventual fifth wave of regionalism that would replicate the previous models. Considering the failure of national governments in fulfilling basic human needs, it nonetheless claims that the deepening of the critical social and economic conditions, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic context, could lead to a fifth wave of regionalism in Latin America. Nevertheless, to succeed, such a wave could be inspired by international and regional technical organizations in a way that would recall the principles of David Mitrany’s functionalist theory.Resumen: Este artículo analiza la evolución de las organizaciones creadas durante la ola de regionalismo post-liberal en América Latina entre 2010 y 2020. Describe su auge y caída e incluye datos recientes de opinión pública para plantear que no existe una demanda ni una oferta para una quinta ola de regionalismo similar a las olas anteriores. Sin embargo, el fracaso de los Estados en asegurar las necesidades sociales básicas y la degradación de las condiciones socioeconómicas, particularmente en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19, podrían llevar a una quinta ola de regionalismo latinoamericano. Para que dicha ola pudiese tener éxito, podría inspirarse en las acciones de organizaciones técnicas internacionales y regionales, de una manera que recuerda los principios de la teoría funcionalista de David Mitrany.Résumé: Cet article analyse l’évolution, entre 2010 et 2020, des organisations créées durant la vague de régionalisme postlibéral en Amérique latine. Il décrit leur montée et leur déclin et inclut des données récentes d’opinion publique afin de soutenir l’argument selon lequel il n’y a actuellement ni demande, ni offre d’une cinquième vague de régionalisme latino-américain semblable aux vagues précédentes. Cependant, l’échec des États à assurer les besoins humains fondamentaux et la dégradation des conditions sociales et économiques, notamment dans le contexte de la pandémie de Covid-19, pourraient mener à une cinquième vague de régionalisme dans la région. Pour donner des résultats concrets, celle-ci pourrait être inspirée par l’action des organisations techniques internationales et régionales d’une façon rappelant les principes de la théorie fonctionnaliste de David Mitrany.

scholarly journals Assitencias as practical nursing in peritoneal dialysis: a review / As práticas assistências de enfermagem na diálise peritoneal: uma revisão / Assitencias enfermería como práctica en diálisis peritoneal: una revisión

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Francisca Elisangêla De Araújo ◽  
Vinicius Lino De Souza Neto ◽  
Ana Elza Oliveira de Mendonça ◽  
Tamiris Lanny Claudino Estrela Lins ◽  
Francisco Márcio Leite Granjeiro
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Practical Nursing ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Basic Human Needs ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Nursing Data

Objective: The study aimed to identify the literature the nursing care practices to the patient on peritoneal dialysis procedure. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review conducted in the databases Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (LILACS), Bank of Nursing data (BDENF) in electronic library Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) between the months of June to August 2014, with a sample size 12 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results: in the peritoneal dialysis process, care can be categorized as follows: pre-, intra- and post-procedure, all as the basic human needs of the patient. In the home environment the nurse should assess the environment of the house and suggests the necessary modifications. Conclusion: It is concluded that the nurse plays a vital role in patient care on dialysis, in order to minimize risks and improve the lives of patients. Descriptors: Renal insufficiency chronic. Peritoneal dialysis. Nursing.

scholarly journals Educación para adultos en América Latina: programa de alfabetización “Yo, sí puedo”

2011 ◽  
pp. 128-143
Author(s):  
Lic. Vanina Belén Canavire
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
First Century ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Educational Videos ◽  
America Latina ◽  
National Governments

A principios del siglo XXI, la realidad latinoamericana manifiesta una problemática social que aún no logra resolver: el analfabetismo en adultos. Saber leer y escribir es una herramienta básica para la participación social y la formación de una conciencia crítica en los ciudadanos. El programa de alfabetización de origen cubano “Yo, sí puedo”, a través de videos y cartillas didácticas, cumple efectivamente con las condiciones exigidas por la “educación para adultos”. Sin embargo, la aplicación de esta novedosa metodología depende de la disposición de los gobiernos nacionales, lo que quedó reflejado en dos casos particulares: Argentina y Bolivia.AbstractIn the early twenty-first century, Latin American reality shows a social problem that still has not been solved: adult illiteracy. Being literate is a basic tool for social participation and the formation of a critical consciousness in people. The Cuban literacy program “Yo, sí puedo” (“Yes, I Can”), through educational videos and booklets, effectively meets with the conditions of “adult education”. However, the application of this novel methodology depends on the willingness of national governments, which is here reflected in two particular cases: Argentina and Bolivia.Recibido: 7 de septiembre de 2010 Aceptado: 24 de octubre de 2010

scholarly journals Modeling of the Human Needs: an Economic Interpretation of Maslow’s Theory of Motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
Diana Genkova
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Product Structure ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Final Consumption ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Economic Interpretation ◽  
Basic Human Needs ◽  
Theory Of Motivation

In this article, we examine the macroeconomic parameter final consumption (FC) by assuming it is an indicator of human development; the latter, ultimately, determines the socio-economic conditions in society. The aim is to bind the aggregate final consumption to human needs. For this purpose, the methodology of the analysis grows up on two pillars: on the side of human needs we take Maslow's theory of motivation, and on the side of the economy, we take the product structure of total final consumption. By analogy, based on a theoretical analysis, we constructed a model, which describes the basic human needs classified by Maslow [1], in economic terms. We tested empirically the model, especially, the hierarchy of the five product categories of FC referred to basic human needs. Other hypotheses about relationships between this product structure of FC and the socio-economic standard are also under consideration

A Filosofia da libertação: gênese e pretensão crítica do pensamento

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-31
Author(s):  
Arivaldo Sezyshta
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Main Category ◽  
Enrique Dussel ◽  
Philosophy Of Liberation ◽  
America Latina

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objeto apresentar a Filosofia Política Crítica da Libertação em Enrique Dussel, analisando sua gênese e evolução e mostrando a influência decisiva da filosofia da práxis de Karl Marx para esse pensamento, em especial a partir do conceito de exterioridade, entendida como sendo o âmbito onde o outro se revela, onde permanece livre em seu ser distinto. A exterioridade, precisamente, é tida pela Filosofia da Libertação como a categoria principal do legado marxiano e pressuposto teórico fundamental, que viabiliza o discurso de Dussel, sobretudo na opção radical pela vítima, marca de seu pensamento filosófico. Mediante isso, aqui se assume a tese de que há em Dussel uma parcialidade pela vítima: seu pensamento está construído, propositalmente, em favor da vítima. O esforço deste trabalho é o de mostrar que a opção pela vítima será o fio condutor de todo seu pensar, o que cobra da Filosofia da Libertação uma pretensão crítica de pensamento, fazendo com que o labor filosófico seja desafiado e provocado pela necessidade real de auxiliar a vítima, exigência do povo latino-americano em seu caminho de libertação. Em termos de resultado, para além da importância atual do pensamento marxiano para a compreensão da realidade e a crítica ao capitalismo, ressalta-se a relevância teórico-prática do pensamento dusseliano para a Filosofia Política como um todo, pelas suas contribuições no cenário contemporâneo, pela coragem em apontar em direção a outra sociedade, trans-moderna e transcapitalista, já em curso nas práticas coletivas de Bem Viver.Palavras-chaves: Filosofia. Libertação. Enrique Dussel. Bem Viver. Abstract: This article aims to present the Critical Political Philosophy of Liberation in Enrique Dussel, analysing its genesis and evolution and showing the decisive influence of Karl Marx’s philosophy to his thought. Especially from his concept of exteriority, understood as being the space where the other reveals itself, where it remains free in its distinct being. The Externality, precisely, is considered by the Philosophy of Liberation as the main category of the Marxian legacy. It is the fundamental theoretical presupposition, which makes Dussel's speech possible, mainly in the radical choice for the victim, the hallmark of his philosophical thought. Hereby the assumption is made that there is in Dussel a partiality for the victim: his thought is purposely constructed in favour of the victim. The effort of this work is to show that the option for the victim will be the guiding thread of all his thinking, which demands from the Philosophy of Liberation a critical pretension of thought. Thus, causing the philosophical work to be challenged and provoked by the real need to help the victim, the demand of the Latin American people in their way of liberation. In addition to the current importance of Marxian thought for the understanding of reality and the critique of capitalism, the theoreticalpractical relevance of Dusselian thought for Political Philosophy as a whole is emphasized by its contributions in the contemporary scenario, by the courage to point towards another society, trans-modern and transcapitalist, already under way in the collective practices of Well Living.Keywords: Philosophy. Release. Enrique Dussel. Well living. REFERÊNCIAS   ACOSTA, Alberto. O Bem Viver: uma oportunidade para imaginar outros mundos. São Paulo: Autonomia Literária, 2016.ARGOTE, Gérman Marquínez. Ensayo Preliminar y Bibliografia. In: DUSSEL, Enrique. Filosofia de la liberación latinoamericana. Bogotá: Nueva América, 1979.BOULAGA, Eboussi. La crise Du Muntu: authenticité africaine Et philosophie. Paris: Présence Africaine, 1977.CALDERA, Alejandro Serrano. Filosofia e crise: pela filosofia latinoamericana. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1984.CAIO, José Sotero. Manifesto-Declaração do Rio de Janeiro/1993. In: PIRES, Cecília Pinto (Org.) Vozes silenciadas: ensaios de ética e filosofia política. Ijuí: Editora Inijuí, 2003, p.263-271.CASALLA, Mario Carlos. Razón y liberación: notas para una filosofia latinoamericana. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI, 1973.DUSSEL, Enrique. Filosofia da libertação - na América Latina. São Paulo: Loyola, 1977._______. Filosofia de la Liberación Latinoamericana. Bogotá: Nueva América, 1979._______. Para uma ética da libertação latino-americana III: eticidade e moralidade. São Paulo: Loyola, 1982._______. Filosofía de la producción. Bogotá: Editorial Nueva América, 1984._______. Ética comunitária. Madrid, Ediciones Paulinas, 1986._______. Introdución a la filosofía de la liberación. Bogotá: Nueva América, 1988._______. 1492 – O encobrimento do Outro: a origem do mito da modernidade. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1993. _______. Filosofia da libertação: crítica à ideologia da exclusão. São Paulo: Paulus, 1995._______. Filosofía de la Liberación. Bogotá: Editorial Nueva América, 1996._______. Ética da libertação na idade da globalização e da exclusão. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2000. _______. Hacia una filosofia política crítica. Bilbao: Desclée, 2001._______. 20 teses de política. São Paulo: Expressão Popular, 2007.FANÓN, Franz. Os condenados da terra. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 1979.FLORES, Alberto Vivar. Antropologia da libertação latino-americana. São Paulo: Paulinas, 1991.FREIRE, Paulo. Pedagogia do oprimido. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1974 GULDBERG, Horacio C. Filosofía de la liberación latinoamericana. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1983.IFIL. Livre Filosofar: Boletim Informativo do Ifil, Ano IX, No.18, 1988.LAS CASAS, Bartolomé de. O Paraíso perdido: Brevíssima relação da destruição das Índias. Trad.: Heraldo Barbuy. 6 ed. Porto Alegre: L&PM, 1996.LATOUCHE, Serge. Pequeno tratado do decrescimento sereno. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2009.LÖWY, Michael. Ecologia e Socialismo. São Paulo: Cortez, 2005.MARTI, José. Política de  nuestra América. México: Siglo XXI, 1987.SEZYSHTA, Arivaldo José e et al. Por uma terra sem males: seminário de formação para educadores e educadoras. Recife: Dom Bosco, 2003.ZEA, Leopoldo. Dependencia y liberación en la cultura Latinoamericana. México: Joaquín Mortiz, 1974.ZIMMERMANN, Roque. América Latina o não ser: uma abordagem filosófica a partir de Enrique Dussel (1962-1976). Petrópolis: Vozes: Petrópolis, 1987.

PODER E SELETIVIDADE: OS PROCESSOS DE CRIMINALIZAÇÃO NA AMERICA LATINA E OS SEUS IMPACTOS NA CRISE DO DISCURSO PENALPOWER AND SELECTIVITY: THE LATIN AMERICAN CRIMINALIZATIONS PROCESS AND ITS IMPACTS IN THE CRISES OF THE CRIMINAL ARGUMENTATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Política Criminal

Através do exercício do poder de punir são realizados os processos seletivos de criminalização, que é o objeto da presente investigação. As estatísticas da criminalidade divulgadas pelo Estado brasileiro expõem o discurso penal a uma desconcertante crítica. Nesse panorama, o discurso penal, baseado em postulados iluministas, dentre os quais emerge o princípio da igualdade, é inserido em uma crise, revelada pela política criminal. O vértice dela é o exercício do poder por parte das agências de controle do sistema penal.

scholarly journals When Does the Public Get It Right? The Information Environment and the Accuracy of Economic Sentiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 001041402198975
Author(s):  
Ryan E. Carlin ◽  
Timothy Hellwig ◽  
Gregory J. Love ◽  
Cecilia Martínez-Gallardo ◽  
Matthew M. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Government Accountability ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Quality Information ◽  
The Media ◽  
Latin American Countries

Public evaluations of the economy are key for understanding how citizens develop policy opinions and monitor government performance. But what drives economic evaluations? In this article, we argue the context in which information about the economy is distributed shapes economic perceptions. In high-quality information environments—where policies are transparent, the media is free, and political opposition is robust—mass perceptions closely track economic conditions. In contrast, compromised information environments provide openings for political manipulation, leading perceptions to deviate from business cycle fluctuations. We test our argument with unique data from eight Latin American countries. Results show restrictions on access to information distort the public’s view of economic performance. The ability of voters to sanction governments is stronger when democratic institutions and the media protect citizens’ access to independent, unbiased information. Our findings highlight the importance of accurate evaluations of the economy for government accountability and democratic responsiveness.

The Role of African Students in Technology Transfer

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Ephraim Nkwute Aniebona
Keyword(s):  
Human Society ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
African Students ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Basic Human Needs ◽  
Developed Nations

The term, “technology,” as used here, refers basically to: (1) the science or art of devising tools and instruments and how to use them; (2) the development of new materials and substances and their application; (3) the development of machines to supplement or replace human effort, where desirable and feasible; (4) the development of energy and power resources for running the machines; and (5) the development of efficient methods of doing work—that is, using tools, machines, and instruments. From an observation of human efforts throughout the world, it is clear that every human society is concerned with technology, for it is a proven means by which man has extended his power beyond his physical capacity and gained some control over his environment. Although technology exists in every society, it is the amount and quality of the technology that separates nations today on a scale of economic development. Whilst the developing, technologically backward countries of Africa constantly face the basic human needs of food, shelter, and clothing, the developed nations consume and enjoy a disproportionate amount of the world’s resources and wealth by reason of their technological advancement.

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