scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF FORECAST ACCURACY DANGEROUS PROPERTIES OF COAL LAYERS BY THE DEGREE OF METAMORPHISM OF SOLID FOSSIL COALS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Antoshchenko ◽  
◽  
Yevhen Rudniev ◽  
Mykhailo Filatiev ◽  
Elvira Filatieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Site ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Plastic Layer ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Volatile Substances ◽  
Mine Field ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Fossil Coals ◽  
Safe Mining

In the normative base of Ukraine for the safe mining of coal seams, only five indicators of the degree of metamorphism are used to predict the manifestation of their hazardous properties during mining operations: mass release of volatile substances during thermal decomposition of coal without air (Vdaf) access to characterize coal; volumetric yield of volatile substances daf V V to establish the distinctive properties of anthracites; logarithm of electrical resistivity (lg); the thickness of the plastic layer (y) and the grade of coal (M) for predicting the outburst hazard of seams. When developing regulatory documents, it was assumed that these criteria for assessing the degree of coal metamorphism remain constant within one mine field. Their values, as mining operations show, are influenced by the location of the coal sampling site in relation to the distance from relatively large geological disturbances or the boundaries of the gas weathering zone. In most cases, the boundaries of mine fields are usually relatively large geological faults. The proximity of the locations of coal sampling points to them influences the obtained results of evaluating the properties of mine layers. Аdjusting indicators (Vdaf, daf V V , lg, y ,M) for individual mines on the possible impact of geological disturbances, the depth of the mining robot and the distance from the zone of gas weathering, according to the requirements of regulatory documents. For this reason, it is of scientific and practical interest to establish the possible ranges of change in the indicators of the degree of metamorphism of coal within the same mine layer. The results of research in this direction are relevant, as they are necessary to improve the regulatory framework for the safe mining of coal mines. A possible change within a separate mine field was considered using the example of the indicator Vdaf as the most studied at present. According to a specially developed methodology, the analysis involved data on 2193 mines from different coal basins. Most of them belong to the mines of the Donetsk basin (1773). The rest of the basins account for information on 460 mine layers, including data on 46 mine layers for the Lvov-Volyn basin.

scholarly journals Research of vitrinite and fusinite coals for predicting geological hazards in coal seams

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
М. I. Antoshchenko ◽  
V. Yu. Tarasov ◽  
О. I. Zakharova ◽  
Ye. I. Zubtsov
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Geological Hazards ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Genetic Classification ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Fossil Coals ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Safe Mining

To establish the necessity of dividing fossil coals into vitrinitic and fusinitic varieties in order to identify the hazardous properties of coal seams during mining. Methodology. The study of changes in conditional indices in the general ranking series was carried out according to DSTU 25543-2013 separately for the classification indicators of vitrinite and fusinite coals, as well as coal groups not assigned to the considered varieties. Changes in indices in the ranks of classification indicators allow us to identify the distinctive or unifying features of the construction of these series and provide suggestions for improving the regulatory documents of mining operations. Outcome. The safety of mining in Ukrainian coal mines is regulated by a number of regulatory documents that are based on genetic classification indicators of coal. One of the decisive factors of dividing coals by technological properties is their classification as vitrinitic or fusinitic, which is not taken into account by the regulatory framework when establishing the hazardous properties of coal seams. The analysis of distinctive properties acquired in the process of metamorphic transformations between vitrinite and fusinite coals has been carried out. It is established that the correlation indices (R2) of the relationship between conditional indexes of Ro, Vdaf and у ranking series with the conditional indices of the general ranking series by brand of coal are practically the same. In terms of Ro, the values of R2 for vitrinitic and fusinite coals were 0,9114 and 0,9221, respectively. Similar results were obtained for the Vdaf indicator, according to which it is impossible to establish differences in the degree of metamorphic transformations between vitrinite and fusinite coals. The characterizing values of the у indicator do not make it possible to establish the direction of change in the properties of coal. The used values of this indicator have a large scatter in the compilation of coal ranking. Scientific novelty. The nature of change in the classification indicators of industrial classification of coal for identifying the hazardous properties of coal seams in mining operations has been identified. Practical relevance. The possibility of improving the regulatory framework for safe mining of coal seams by establishing differences in the properties of vitrinite and fusinite coals.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF RESERVES OF THE EMISSION-HAZARDOUS FORMATION OF THE КРII STRATUM IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE EUROCHEM USOLSKIY POTASH MINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 416-424
Author(s):  
A.P. Klyucharev ◽  
◽  
N.A. Litvinovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Rule ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining Technology ◽  
Mine Field ◽  
Potash Mine ◽  
Safe Mining

This article presents the results of the authors' research on the construction of a pre-diction map with the division of an explosive potassium formation of the KPII stratum into haz-ardous and non-hazardous areas in the conditions of the mine field of the EuroChem Usolskiy potash mine, it is discovered that the decision rules developed for the other potash mines of the Verkhnekamskoye potash deposit are fundamentally unsuitable for the site concerned and re-quire revision, options of improvement the decision rule are proposed. Recommendations for safe mining operations, implicating a change of the existing mining technology, are presented at the end of the article.

ON THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL IMPURITIES ON THE MANIFESTATION OF DANGEROUS PROPERTIES OF COAL SEAMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Yevhen Rudniev ◽  
◽  
Mykola Antoshchenko ◽  
Elvira Filatieva ◽  
Julia Romanchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Plastic Layer ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Fossil Coals

Purpose: to establish a possible correspondence between metamorphic processes with artificial thermal destruction of coals and their ashing in order to identify the components of mineral impurities that can affect the manifestation of the hazardous properties of coal mine seams. Methodology is based on a comparison of metamorphic processes that took place at a certain temperature mode in the bowels of the Earth and the production of artificial coals and their ashing. Results: The research made it possible to reveal the important role of mineral impurities in the formation of the hazardous properties of coal seams. This is due to both the significant possible content of mineral impurities in fossil coals, and the simultaneous presence of the main components that determine the hazardous properties of coal seams (carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen and moisture), both in the organic and in the mineral parts of fossil coals. To improve the regulatory framework for the safe conduct of mining operations, it is necessary to take into account features of the properties of fossil coals due to the presence of mineral impurities in them. In modern regulatory documents on the safe conduct of mining operations, in general, several indicators are used without proper scientific justification: the mass yield of volatiles during the thermal decomposition of coal, the volumetric yield of volatile substances, the thickness of the plastic layer and the logarithm of the electrical resistivity of anthracites. Their values are related to the dry ash-free mass of organic matter only. This excludes consideration of the influence of mineral impurities on the manifestation of the hazardous properties of coal mine seams during mining operations. In many cases, the content of moisture and sulfur is a criterion for the manifestation of hazardous properties of coal seams. They belong to the integral components of both organic and mineral constituents of fossil coals. The share of mineral impurities in the coals of individual coal seams can be more than 40%. The presence of oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur and moisture in mineral impurities significantly affects the manifestation of the hazardous properties of coal seams during mining. The content of mineral impurities in fossil coals in engineering calculations can be determined on the basis of the ash content of coals according to known empirical relationships, corrected for the content of total sulfur and, in some cases, carbon dioxide. Scientific novelty: the significant influence of mineral impurities in fossil coals on the manifestation of hazardous properties of coal seams during mining operations has been proved. Practical value: the results obtained allow substantiating the methodology for the combined use of the composition of organic and mineral components of fossil coals for a reliable forecast of the manifestation of hazardous properties of coal seams and improving the regulatory framework for their safe mining.

scholarly journals Ensuring the sustainability of the motorway subgrade in the zones of underground mining operations

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01041
Author(s):  
Yuliia Balashova ◽  
Viktor Demianenko ◽  
Nataliia Tkach ◽  
Hennadii Karasev
Keyword(s):  
Variational Method ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Local Curvature ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Soil Structures ◽  
The Stability

The article describes a variational method for calculating the motorway subgrade stability. The application of this method allows to quickly and accurately determine the most dangerous sliding surface with a minimum coefficient of stability. The purpose of the article is to improve the variational method for calculating the motorway subgrade stability. The article proposes to apply this method in the calculation of the transport earthwork structures, located in the area of mining operations, where there is a danger of failed subsidence. Underground mining operations have a significant impact on the vertical bent curves of a motorway, that leads to the modification of the subgrade geometric dimensions in the negative direction. This is the cause of sharp fluctuations in the values of local curvature and the radii of vertical curves. The use of variational method for calculating the motorway subgrade stability will allow to take into account the velocity of the saturated soil mass movement and the change in the geometric parameters caused by the underground mining operations. The advantages of this method include the possibility to consider the efforts from geosynthetic materials, recommended to use for strengthening the basement and slopes of the subgrade, the rheological properties of the soil, and the load from the vehicle moving along the surface. In the process of research, regulatory documents on the calculation of the stability of road structures reinforced with geosynthetic materials were studied. The identified shortcomings of the existing regulatory documents allowed to conclude that it is necessary to consider the velocity of the saturated soil mass movement caused by the underground mining operations when calculating the stability coefficient of soil structures.

scholarly journals Model detection and prediction of horizontal deformation of the earth’s surface based on the movement of its markes

2020 ◽  
pp. 146-154
Author(s):  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich ANTONOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Optimization ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Spatial Constraints ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
The Given ◽  
Parabolic Vertex ◽  
Safe Mining

Relevance of the topic. To identify areas of increased deformation of the earth’s surface of rock blocks containing a mineral Deposit, GPS monitoring measurements of horizontal movements of markes installed at different points are carried out. An actual problem that arises here is the creation of a methodology that reliably describes and predicts the formation and location of deformation zones based on the movements of labels. The aim of the research is to create a methodology for forming, calculating and applying a binary mathematical model that describes and predicts the location and contours of the resulting areal deformations of the earth’s surface of two neighboring rock blocks based on placemark movements. Research methods include mathematical modeling of areal deformation, functional and numerical optimization of the parameters of the created model, experimental calculations and analysis of the distribution of the resulting and predicted deformation in a practical example of placemark movements. Research result. The model is based on the idea of blocks based on the spatial constraints of their horizontal dimensions and elastic properties in the hierarchical mosaic structure of composing rocks. Assuming that the size of a block of the earth’s surface does not exceed 5 km within the limits of a mineral Deposit, the movements of its points are considered in the plane. The resulting areal deformation is represented by the sum of linear and angular deformations. The model parameters were identified using the methods of least squares and parabolic vertex approximations implemented in the specified sequence of iterative calculations using the given optimization formulas. Calculations are regulated by the standard deviation of model and labels displacements. It boils down to the permissible small limit determined by the GPS positioning error. A practical example of interpreting placemark offsets shows the properties of model invariance in a multidirectional spatial coordinate system, as well as the detection of areal deformation zones and the forecast of its contour development. Conclusions. The applicability of the presented methodology for the deformation interpretation of multidirectional movements of the earth’s surface markes registered by the monitoring system is noted. The model’s conclusions about the areal location of deformation zones and its level can be used in predictive estimates and criteria that determine the possibility of safe mining operations in the detected zone and the content of man-made objects in it.

ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A GENERAL METHOD FOR FORECASTING THE DANGEROUS PROPERTIES OF COAL SEAMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Yevhen Rudniev ◽  
◽  
Vyacheslav Galchenko ◽  
Elvira Filatieva ◽  
Mykola Antoshchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Mining Machine ◽  
Dust Formation ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Petrographic Composition ◽  
General Methodology ◽  
Fossil Coals

Purpose: to establish a quantitative effect on the dust-generating ability of mine layers of the degree of metamorphic transformations of fossil coals, mining-geological and mining conditions of mining operations and to provide proposals for the development of a general methodology for predicting other hazardous properties of mine layers. Methodology: research is based on the experience of using regulatory documents and analysis of the results of experimental and calculated data on dust formation of fine fractions for various observation conditions. Results: based on the analysis of statistical models of shallow and steeply dipping mine layers by groups of their dustiness, the effect of specific dust release, dust content in broken coal, moisture and thickness of the seams was established. Of all the possible factors that determine the specific dust release, the main ones are the design features of mining machines. The yield of small grades when tested by the falling weight method can serve as an indicator of the strength of coal. The use of such methods eliminates the errors caused by determining the degree of coal change during the transition from its actual destruction by a coal mining machine to the reference mode. The use of carbon content as one of the main indicators of the degree of metamorphism makes it possible to analyze the level of influence of both the sum of the remaining main components of the organic mass (hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen) and their separate influence. In order to bring the state of coal as close as possible to production conditions, it is necessary to additionally take into account moisture, mineral inclusions and their composition. The petrographic composition and some physical and mechanical properties are reliably characterized by the vitrinite reflectance index. The extreme limits of influence on dust formation of the design features of mass-produced combines differ by 43.4 times. The influence of metamorphic transformations at the extreme limits of the yield of the 1-0 mm class when testing coals in a pile driver is estimated by a difference of 5.6 times. The release of volatile substances taken as the main indicator of the degree of metamorphism in the normative base for the safe conduct of mining operations does not unambiguously characterize the gradation of mine layers according to their dustiness groups. The thickness of the mines being developed and the angles of occurrence do not determine their tendency to dust formation, but are the main criteria for choosing mining equipment for crushing coal in the massif. The general methodology for predicting the hazardous properties of coal mine layers, using the example of their dust-forming ability, should take into account the influence of factors of three blocks – metamorphic transformations, mining and geological and mining technical conditions. Scientific novelty: for the first time, a quantitative assessment of the effect on the dust-generating capacity of mine layers of a combination of factors of metamorphic transformation of fossil coals, mining-geological and mining-technical conditions of mining operations has been established. Practical value: the results obtained make it possible to substantiate and develop a general methodology for predicting the hazardous properties of mine layers, which will contribute to improving the regulatory framework for the safe conduct of mining operations.

scholarly journals Transition processes in coal field development in the light of intelligent control

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
Viktor Leont’evich YAKOVLEV ◽  
◽  
Irina Aleksandrovna OSIPOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Knowledge Graph ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Control Objective ◽  
Safe Mining

Relevance of the work. The problem of sudden outbursts of coal and gas has been studied for more than a century and a half using various approaches to study this process. In order to prevent accidents and conduct safe mining operations. Today this problem remains relevant in the territory of the Russian Federation. In connection with the changed external and internal challenges of the development of coal mining at Russian mining enterprises, it is proposed to consider the problem in the light of two aspects, one of which is the geographical location of subsoil use objects and intelligent control. Objective. The work is devoted to the study of the development of transient processes at a coal mining enterprise from the standpoint of intellectual management. The task of the work is to create in the first approximation an industrial knowledge graph. Method and methodology of the work. The study is based on a problem-oriented approach to solving the issue of safe mining, namely, to thoroughly study the problem of sudden emissions of coal and gas before the release occurs. To solve the existing problem, it is proposed to create an industrial graph of knowledge, taking into account the peculiarities of geomechanical processes occurring in the mountain range. In the created industrial knowledge graph, the main classes are shown that contribute to the presentation and structuring of knowledge about the causes of sudden coal and gas outbursts for a particular coal seam being put into production. Results. Because of the study, based on the construction of an industrial knowledge graph, we can conclude that it is necessary to create a classification with geomechanically specific phenomena and their features. Study of normative and reference information and identification of semantic patterns in them. All these studies are complicated by the large volumes of data, their fragmentation, and in some cases the unreliability and inconsistency of information. When obtaining a semantically non-contradictory industrial graph of knowledge, knowledge can be “useful” for constructing a mathematical model for predicting sudden coal and gas emissions.

scholarly journals Representation of the process of sudden outbursts of coal and gas using a knowledge graph

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 04022
Author(s):  
Irina Osipova ◽  
Veselina Gospodinova
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Graph ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Elementary Knowledge ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
Ontological Approach ◽  
Entire Complex ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Structuring Knowledge ◽  
Safe Mining

In the process of developing a coal deposit, significant amounts of data and extensive knowledge about the object of operation are accumulated. This data and knowledge may not be structured, not reliable, contradictory. In turn, for the further conduct of the entire complex of mining operations and the development of a coal mining enterprise, structured and reliable data and knowledge are needed. The aim of the study is to propose structuring knowledge about the process of sudden outbursts of coal and gas by presenting knowledge about the subject of research in the form of an elementary knowledge graph. The study is based on an ontological approach to solving the issue of safe mining, namely, to study the problem of sudden emissions of coal and gas from the standpoint of the fact that the release is considered before it has occurred. To solve the existing problem, it is proposed to create an elementary knowledge graph that takes into account geological, hydrogeological, geophysical, mining information about the subsoil use object, as well as geomechanical and geodynamic processes, and physicochemical mass transfer processes occurring in the coal seam and the accumulated experience and knowledge of miners using methods Data mining. As a result of the study, we can conclude that it is necessary to create a network of elementary knowledge graphs, and use other methods of knowledge extraction. For further analysis and refinement of data and knowledge about the process of sudden coal and gas emissions.

STATISTICAL MODELS OF THE CLASSIFICATION INDICATOR OF THE DEGREE OF COAL METAMORPHISM FOR THE FORECAST OF DANGEROUS PROPERTIES OF COAL BEDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Mykola Antoshchenko ◽  
◽  
Yevhen Rudniev ◽  
Mykhailo Filatiev ◽  
Elvira Filatieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Coal Beds ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Normal Law ◽  
Safe Mining

Purpose: Based on statistical models of volatile matter yield during thermal decomposition of coal without air access (Vdaf) to establish probable relative errors of its measurement of absolute values which would allow to use the indicator with predetermined accuracy Vdaf as the primary classification criterion metamorphism of coal beds for the prediction of dangerous properties when led mining. Methods. It is used to create several sets of Vdaf values that have some features that are essential for their characteristics, followed by analysis of the statistical characteristics of these sets with the establishment of differences or similarities between statistical models. Results. Six sets of coal beds, which have different features of their creation according to the Vdaf criterion. There were from 114 to 412 variants in each set. As a general conditionally accepted set of 2091 coal beds of different coal deposits. For all (7) sets tested, the hypothesis of a normal distribution of variants according to Pearson’s criterion χ2 was tested. One part of the sets tested was close to the normal distribution of random variables, and the other did not correspond to the normal law. It is established that one of the reasons for the inconsistency of parts of the population with the normal law is the various errors in determining Vdaf depending on the absolute value of this indicator. In addition, individual samples from the conditionally general population have the same nature of the distribution of relative frequencies: with an increase in Vdaf to 10%, they decrease; in the range from 10 to 40% slightly increase; when Vdaf > 40% – again there is a decrease. Based on the close correlation dependences of the relative standard deviations of the volatile matter yield from the averaging curves, the validity of the possible use of Vdaf in engineering calculations of the forecast of dangerous properties of shafts only at its values more than 15-20% is proved. The possible influence of the distance of the coal sampling site to the boundaries of gas weathering zones and geological disturbances, and the high dependence of coal (more than 20%) on the additional error of Vdaf determination was also established. The established possible error values do not guarantee high accuracy of forecasting the dangerous properties of coal beds when using Vdaf as the main indicator of the degree of metamorphism. Improving the regulatory framework for safe mining of coal seams requires justification and application of other indicators of the degree of coal metamorphism. Scientific novelty: For the first time on the basis of statistical models, ambiguous possible errors in determining the yield of volatile substances during thermal decomposition of coal without air access and the inexpediency of its use to predict the hazardous properties of coal beds in mining. Practical significance. The necessity of using other indicators of the degree of metamorphism to improve the regulatory framework for safe mining of coal beds, which directly reflect the content and properties of coal in the process of geological transformations, has been proved.

scholarly journals On the possibilities to apply indices of industrial coal-rank classification to determine hazardous characteristics of workable beds

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mykola Antoshchenko ◽  
Vadym Tarasov ◽  
Oleksandr Nedbailo ◽  
Olha Zakharova ◽  
Rudniev Yevhen
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory System ◽  
Plastic Layer ◽  
Coal Rank ◽  
Black Coal ◽  
Graded Index ◽  
Plastic Layer Thickness ◽  
Reliable Correlation ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Safe Mining

Purpose is to identify behaviour of the graded indices as well as their correspondence to grades, groups, and subgroups of similar coal metamorphic degrees to determine hazardous characteristics of workable beds while mining. Methods. Rank scale and changes in the graded index values help define the coal grades, groups, and subgroups having comparable characteristics as well as ultimate composition of organic mass. Coal ranking involves the intensified metamorphism manifestation in the process of transition from lignite to black coal, and then to anthracite. Findings. Analysis of the total of the fusainized components has shown that coal grading is within less than 10 and more than 69% range. However, in the majority of cases its values are recommended as those being less than 39 or more than 40% which prevents from determination of reliable correlation relationships. Free heaving ratio is considered together with the plastic layer thickness making it possible to determine quantitively only LF, LS, LC, and L grades. In terms of vitrinite response index, being 0.8-1.4%, LS, LC, and L grades may be considered as coal in the central ranking series. The fact supports available changes in the internal structure. Originality. Behaviour of the graded indices of industrial coal-rank classification has been determined to identify hazardous characteristics of workable beds while mining. Practical implications are the possibilities to improve the regulatory system for safe mining of workable beds while determining differences in characteristics of vitrinite coal and fusainized coal.

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