scholarly journals Prevalence of Dental Caries in 5 – 6 Years and 12 – 13 Years Age Group of School Children of Kathmandu Valley

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (184) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Subedi ◽  
P Shakya ◽  
U KC ◽  
M Janawali ◽  
BD Paudyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Proportional Allocation ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Dental caries is one of the most common conditions affecting the general health of children. The present study was carried out among school children of Kathmandu valley to determine the prevalence of dental caries in two age groups. Methods: The study was conducted from December 2007 to May 2008. The age of the school children of the study was divided into two group: 5 - 6 years and 12 - 13 years. A stratifi ed cluster sampling with proportional allocation was used while grouping the subjects. The dental status examination was done with the help of trained dentists. Decayed, missed and fi lled teeth index and decayed, missed and fi lled surfaces index (dmft for primary dentition and DMFT for permanent dentition) were used as the standard tools for the determination of prevalence. Results: A total of 638 students (325 of age group 12 - 13 years and 313 of age group 5 - 6 years) from 30 different schools of the Kathmandu valley were included in the study. The caries status was found higher in the age group of 5 - 6 years than in the 12 - 13 years and it was found to be statistically signifi cant (p < 0.001). The dmfs and caries percentage of the age group 5 - 6 years and the DMFS and caries percent of the 12 - 13 years was found to be 3.79, 69 % and 1.6, 53.23 % respectively. The dmft/dmfs value was found to be signifi cant according to the districts in the 5 - 6 years age group whereas the DMFS was found statistically signifi cant among the sexes of the 12 - 13 years age group. Conclusions: The caries percentage was found to be above the recommended level of the World Health Organization. However, the DMFS and DMFT values were within the WHO level. Keywords: Children, dental caries, DMF index.

scholarly journals Dental caries prevalence among 12–15-year-olds in Lithuania between 1983 and 2005

Medicina ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Milčiuvienė ◽  
Eglė Bendoraitienė ◽  
Vilija Andruškevičienė ◽  
Julija Narbutaitė ◽  
Jurgina Sakalauskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
T Score ◽  
Health Organization

Objective. To analyze the dynamics of prevalence and severity of dental caries among 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren in six regions of Lithuania. Material and methods. A total of 5910 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years were examined. Dental caries was diagnosed according to the criteria of World Health Organization. The prevalence of dental caries was calculated by dividing the number of children with caries by the number of all children examined and expressed as percentage. Severity of dental caries was described by DMF-T index. DMF-T indices of individual persons as well as each age group were determined. Oral hygiene was evaluated by a simplified oral hygiene index. Fluoride concentration in Kretinga was 1.6–2.2 ppm; in the other regions, it varied between 0.2 to 0.4 ppm. Results. The prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-olds was 88.4% in 1983 and 85.5% in 2005; among 15-year-olds, it was 95.5% and 92.9%, respectively. Mean DMF-T score decreased from 4.5 (in 1983) to 3.7 (in 2005) among 12-year-olds and from 6.4 (in 1983) to 5.6 (in 2005) among 15-year-olds. Oral hygiene index decreased from 1.69 in 1983 to 1.34 in 2005 among 12-year-olds and from 1.46 to 1.22 among 15-year-olds, respectively. Conclusions. A tendency towards decrease in the prevalence and severity of dental caries was observed, when caries prevention program was running. Correlation between oral hygiene and DMF-T was observed in both age groups. Decreased prevalence and intensity of dental caries among 12- and 15-year-olds were associated with improved oral hygiene, usage of fluoride toothpaste, and fluoride content in drinking water.

scholarly journals Prevalence and treatment needs of dental caries in school-going children attending dental outpatient department of a tertiary care centre in western region of Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
RB Adhikari ◽  
N Malla ◽  
PS Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Dental caries is one of the commonest oral problems affecting children globally involving the people of all region and society. It can be seen in all age groups of children involving both deciduous and permanent teeth. Treatment of dental caries involves restorative or pulp therapy which is not only expensive but also painful and demanding for the child. Considering these factors prevention of caries seems to be the most acceptable and desirable option. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on department of Dental Surgery, Manipal teaching Hospital, Fulbari, Pokhara. Total of 3174 school going children attending Dentaloutpatient department, from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2009, from the age group of 5-14 years were included in the study.Assessment was carried out usingWorld Health Organization (1997) criteria.Data was compiled and subjected to analysis using SPSS version 12.0. Results: Prevalence of Dental caries in study population was found to be 47.1%. Caries prevalence in the age group 5-7, 8-10 and 11-14 years were 20.7%, 48.2% and 52.46% respectively. Mean Decayed missing and filled teeth (DMFT) in the age group 5-7, 8-10 and 11-14 years were 1.96, 2.43 and 1.84 respectively. The treatment requirement in age groups of 5-7years, 8-10 years and 11-14 years children were 87.2%, 85.3% and 71.4% respectively.Most cases required single surface filling. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries was highest in age group of 11-14 years; mean DMFT was highest in age group of 8-10 years and the treatment need was highest in age group of 5-7 years. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v1i2.6611 Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012;1(2): 115-8

scholarly journals Correlating Dental Caries with Tooth Brushing Frequency, Type of Toothpaste and Dental Visits

2014 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 009-015
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Munjal ◽  
Ritu Jindal ◽  
Rohini Dua ◽  
Ripin Garewal ◽  
Parveen Bathla
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Visits ◽  
Dental Professional ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Aim: This study was done to evaluate correlation of Dental Caries status with frequency of tooth brushing, type of toothpaste and regular dental visits in children. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out randomly on 2500 school children of two age groups viz. 12 and 15 years, and caries examination was done using WHO (World Health organization) 1997 criteria in order to correlate with various risk factors viz. brushing frequency, use of fluoridated/non-fluoridated toothpaste and frequency of child's visit to dental clinic. Results: In both the age groups brushing frequency and type of toothpaste used insignificantly affected caries while evidence that frequency of child's visit to dental clinic reduces caries risk was also not substantial. Conclusion: The present study implicates that due to complex multifactorial nature of dental caries, its prevention still remains an enigma for the dental professional and society.

scholarly journals Prevalence of caries and gingivitis among school children in the municipality of Foca

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Stevanka Djordjevic ◽  
Tanja Ivanovic ◽  
Aleksandra Zuza ◽  
Dajana Nogo-Zivanovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kulic
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Female Students ◽  
World Health ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Republika Srpska ◽  
Carious Teeth

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of caries and gingivitis among adolescents who attend school in the municipality of Foca, Republika Srpska. Material and Methods. The total number of 352 school children - 135 students of the ninth grade of primary school (aged 15 years) and 217 students of the third and fourth grade of high school (aged 17-18 years) - were included in this cross-section study. The incidence of dental caries using DMFT index and its components was calculated as recommended by the World Health Organization. Periodontal tissue condition was determined using gingival index (GI) by L?e and Silness. Results. The mean DMFT in students age 15 was 6.6, and in students age 17-18 was 9.5. The dominant components of DMFT index in both studied groups were filled and carious teeth. In regards to gender, female students age 15 had significantly greater number of extracted teeth than male students (p<0.05). In older age group, females had significantly more filled teeth than males (p<0.05). Mild gingivitis was present in both studied groups. Conclusion. Our results showed that caries prevalence in the tested groups was high and mild gingivitis was present in most patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of melancholy in swat valley, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-156
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Simple Formula ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Complex Mechanism ◽  
Depressed Individual ◽  
Swat Valley ◽  
Health Organization

Melancholy is major mental challenges that is characterize by sadness, sleep disorder, decrease energy, etc. It also have a great social and mental consequences, it is well know that depression will be the second largest cause of disability globally till 2020. The risk are even higher in developed countries. According to world health organization globally it effect more than 121 million people. Depression is a complex and multi-dimensional anarchy according to it has many faces and cannot be describing by one simple formula because it originate from numerous complex mechanism. Multi-faced nature of depression makes it difficult to find out its etiology. The purpose of this study is to find out the prevalence of melancholy in different age groups and genders in district Swat. Overall 300 samples were collected randomly across different age groups and genders in which we found the prevalence of melancholy were 48.3% in which male depressed individual were 27.6% while female depressed were 20.6%. The number of depressed individual were maximum in age group vary from 10-20 which is 15%. To conclude depression is easily manageable but it need understanding that how to control your feeling and thought and think new and positively.

Assessment of Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) in Omdurman Voluntary Counselling and Testing Center (OVCTC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 836-849
Author(s):  
MUSA Basheer MANSOUR ◽  
Sara Elsheikh Ahmedana
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Surgical Equipment ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Health Organization

PEP is taking human immunodeficiency virus medicine (HIV) within 72 hours after possible exposure to HIV to prevent the occurrence of the disease. Significance: exposure to the needle, surgical equipment, and rape is a life-threatening condition for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), HIV, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection, tetanus, and syphilis. The objective of this study was to assess the PEP. Methods: It was a descriptive-analytical study in OVCTC in September 2008. 30 patients in study as the whole number. We included all patients attending the OVCTC and potential exposed either occupationally or through sexual intercourse and received antiretroviral therapy (ARV) agents as prophylaxis All cases diagnosed as HIV/AIDS and all persons need counseling were excluded in this study. Secondary data were collected from the records of the patients in OVCTC. Ethical considerations and clearance were taken from OVCTC and patients. It was accepted by the director. Results: In these study 30 cases fully described from the record and part of them were interviewed. Most cases (13) 43% in the age group 26 -35 years and the minority (2) 6% in age group (5 -15 years) and (2) 6% in age group (46-55years). Male (17)56.6% and Female (13)43.4%. Single (14) 46.6%, married (14)46.6%, widow (1)3.3% and divorced (1)3.3%. Most of them (21),70% are the health care professional, (27) 90% are educated and (26)86.3%lived in Khartoum. The equipment of exposure (28)93.3% due to needle stick, (1)3.3% due to rape and (1)3.3% due to rosary. (16)53.3%were expose in 2007, (12)40% in 2008 and (2)6.6% in 2006. All of them started needle stick protocol. The baseline of HIV testing is negative in all. All of them started Duovir according to world health organization guidelines and non-reported side effects or complications. Conclusion: Although PEP is offered in OVCTC according to world health organization (WHO) guidelines, pre and post-test counseling, ARV prophylaxis, and counseling including ARV side effects; the outcome is good, although the patients are not adherent to schedule follow-up in the center.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dental caries among children of SOS children's village in Croatia

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Zrinka Ivanisevic ◽  
Marko Matijevic ◽  
Zvonimir Uzarevic ◽  
Djordje Petrovic ◽  
Davor Jurlina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dental Instruments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Background/Aim. Oral health is an integral part of general health and an important factor in the overall quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries among the children from the SOS Children?s Village in Croatia. Methods. The dental examinations based on the World Health Organization criteria were performed on 88 children from SOS Children?s Village in Croatia. The teeth were clinically examined with standard dental instruments using the visual-tactile method under standard light. The clinical indexes of decayed, missed, and filled (dmft and DMFT, for primary and permantnt teeth, respectively) and decayed, missed, and filled surfaces (DMFS), as well as the significant caries index (SiC) were recorded. Results. Among the children from the SOS Children?s Village caries incidence were 57.94%. The mean dmft, DMFT and DMFS of all children was 1.82, 1.90 and 2.82, respectively. The highest mean dmft and DMFT score of 4.24 and 2.56 was found among 7?10 and 11?14 years old children, respectively. The highest mean DMFS score of 3.85 and 3.90 was found among 11?14 years old children and among the children from the SOS Children?s Village Lekenik, respectively. Among all children, the SiC index was 4.69. There was a significant difference between age groups and children?s place of residence in DMFT, DMFS and SiC. Conclusion. Prevalence of dental caries is low among the children from the SOS Children?s Village in Croatia compared to the children who lived with biological families.

scholarly journals Dental caries experience in Indians of the Upper Xingu, Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Denise Leal RIGONATTO ◽  
José Leopoldo Ferreira ANTUNES ◽  
Paulo FRAZÃO
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Care Index

The present study describes the experience of dental caries in Indians communities of the Xingu, in order to supply parameters for further analysis of trends of the disease in Indians. We performed oral health examination in 288 Indians from four communities (Yawalapiti, Aweti, Mehinaku and Kamaiura) living in the southern part of the Xingu National Park, using international criteria defined by the World Health Organization. The outcome measures were the DMFT and dmft scores, and the care index. Indians of the Upper Xingu presented high levels of caries, in all age groups. The average DMFT for 11 to 13-year-old children - 5.93 - was lower than the index measured in 1993 for 12-year-old schoolchildren in nearby cities - 8.23 -, whose United Nations' human development index ranked medium. However, Indians presented a much lower care index, per age group, than these cities, and a high ratio of missing teeth for persons above 20 years old. These observations indicate low incorporation of dental care services. The irregularity of the services programmed for these communities, and the changing dietary and cultural patterns, mainly derived from their contact with the non-indigenous population of Brazil, reinforce the pressing need for health promotion initiatives aimed at these groups.

scholarly journals A clinical study of anemia in children aged 6 months–5 years in a tertiary care center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 367-370
Author(s):  
Siva Saranappa ◽  
Jennifer Wu
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Anemia is the most commonly observed hematological diseases in children. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that globally, 1.62 billion people are anemic, with the highest prevalence of anemia (47.4%) among preschool-aged children. Of these 293 million children, 89 million live in India. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the factors causing anemia in children aged between 6 months and 5 years and its prevalence within this age group. Methods: This study is a prospective observational study conducted in KIMS Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka. A total of 200 children in the age group of 6 months–5 years with features of anemia or having hemoglobin <11 g/dl were included in the study for a duration of 18 months between January 2019 and June 2020. Detailed history was recorded and examination findings were noted. The data collected were tabulated and statistically analyzed accordingly. Results: About 57.5% of the children with anemia fell between the age group of 6 months and 2 years and 42.5% of children were in the age groups of 2–5 years. A male predominance was seen (61%) with male-to-female ratio of approximately 1.56:1. Most of the children were found to have mild (46%) and moderate anemia (46%) with only a minority (8%) presenting with severe anemia. About 56.5% of the children had a normal nutritional status while 41% were malnourished and 2.5% had both wasting and stunting. Exclusive breastfeeding (for 6 months) history was present in 59% of the children. These children belonged mostly to the upper lower (45%) and lower middle (41%) socioeconomic status. This study also showed anemia in children most commonly presented majorly with concurrent involvement of the respiratory system (31%) followed by infectious diseases (30%) and gastrointestinal disorders (23%). Conclusion: The current study concludes that iron deficiency anemia is a multifactorial hematological disease. Learning about the predisposing risk factors can help to adopt the necessary precautions to prevent anemia in these children. Improving the nutritional status of the children by involving parents and counseling them regarding important feeding practices can help to prevent anemia.

Predisposing Factors And Prevalence Of Fractured Anterior Teeth Among 12 And 16 Years Old School Malaysian Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Gopinath ◽  
K Ling ◽  
K Haziani ◽  
N Ismail
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Dental Injuries

OBJECTIVE: This study reports on the predisposing factors and prevalence of fractured anterior teeth among 12 and 16 years-old school children in Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, West Malaysia. STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional study was performed, involving 488 school children aged 12 and 16 years old and two calibrated dentists on the use of the World Health Organization (WHO) modification of Andreasen's 1999 classification. An oral examination was performed and all the necessary information was collected using a specified data collection sheet. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 12. RESULTS: The response rate was 98.8%. The prevalence of fractured anterior teeth was 11.2% at the age of 12 and 13.4% at the age of 16. Boys experienced more fractures than girls (p&lt;0.05) among 12 year-olds but there was no gender predilection among 16 year olds. Most children could not remember the cause of fracture (&gt;53.6%). Over 80% of dental injuries were of minor type (enamel fracture not involving the dentin). The maxillary central incisor was the most affected (&gt;60%) tooth. Children at the age of 12 years with over jet greater than 3 mm,incompetent and short lip were predisposed to dental injuries (p&lt;0.05). There was no association between molar relationship and fractures (p&gt;0.05) in both age groups. CONCLUSION: The present study assessed the prevalence of dental injuries in 12 and 16 year old children and determined the risk factors that predispose to dental injuries. The possible causes and consequences of such tooth fractures must be highlighted to ensure esthetics and tooth longevity.

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