scholarly journals Prevalence and treatment needs of dental caries in school-going children attending dental outpatient department of a tertiary care centre in western region of Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
RB Adhikari ◽  
N Malla ◽  
PS Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Dental caries is one of the commonest oral problems affecting children globally involving the people of all region and society. It can be seen in all age groups of children involving both deciduous and permanent teeth. Treatment of dental caries involves restorative or pulp therapy which is not only expensive but also painful and demanding for the child. Considering these factors prevention of caries seems to be the most acceptable and desirable option. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on department of Dental Surgery, Manipal teaching Hospital, Fulbari, Pokhara. Total of 3174 school going children attending Dentaloutpatient department, from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2009, from the age group of 5-14 years were included in the study.Assessment was carried out usingWorld Health Organization (1997) criteria.Data was compiled and subjected to analysis using SPSS version 12.0. Results: Prevalence of Dental caries in study population was found to be 47.1%. Caries prevalence in the age group 5-7, 8-10 and 11-14 years were 20.7%, 48.2% and 52.46% respectively. Mean Decayed missing and filled teeth (DMFT) in the age group 5-7, 8-10 and 11-14 years were 1.96, 2.43 and 1.84 respectively. The treatment requirement in age groups of 5-7years, 8-10 years and 11-14 years children were 87.2%, 85.3% and 71.4% respectively.Most cases required single surface filling. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries was highest in age group of 11-14 years; mean DMFT was highest in age group of 8-10 years and the treatment need was highest in age group of 5-7 years. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v1i2.6611 Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012;1(2): 115-8

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dental Caries in 5 – 6 Years and 12 – 13 Years Age Group of School Children of Kathmandu Valley

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (184) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Subedi ◽  
P Shakya ◽  
U KC ◽  
M Janawali ◽  
BD Paudyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Proportional Allocation ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Dental caries is one of the most common conditions affecting the general health of children. The present study was carried out among school children of Kathmandu valley to determine the prevalence of dental caries in two age groups. Methods: The study was conducted from December 2007 to May 2008. The age of the school children of the study was divided into two group: 5 - 6 years and 12 - 13 years. A stratifi ed cluster sampling with proportional allocation was used while grouping the subjects. The dental status examination was done with the help of trained dentists. Decayed, missed and fi lled teeth index and decayed, missed and fi lled surfaces index (dmft for primary dentition and DMFT for permanent dentition) were used as the standard tools for the determination of prevalence. Results: A total of 638 students (325 of age group 12 - 13 years and 313 of age group 5 - 6 years) from 30 different schools of the Kathmandu valley were included in the study. The caries status was found higher in the age group of 5 - 6 years than in the 12 - 13 years and it was found to be statistically signifi cant (p < 0.001). The dmfs and caries percentage of the age group 5 - 6 years and the DMFS and caries percent of the 12 - 13 years was found to be 3.79, 69 % and 1.6, 53.23 % respectively. The dmft/dmfs value was found to be signifi cant according to the districts in the 5 - 6 years age group whereas the DMFS was found statistically signifi cant among the sexes of the 12 - 13 years age group. Conclusions: The caries percentage was found to be above the recommended level of the World Health Organization. However, the DMFS and DMFT values were within the WHO level. Keywords: Children, dental caries, DMF index.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of fractures in indoor patients at a tertiary care centre in India: a study of 3000 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Mohan M. Desai ◽  
Deven R. Kuruwa ◽  
Easwar Elango ◽  
Roshan Wade
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Femur Fractures

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Implementing appropriate fracture control measures and treatment protocols is crucial to maximizing health and development gains. This requires an in depth understanding of age-specific, sex-specific and cause-specific injury patterns at the national and subnational levels. No such study on fracture epidemiology has been undertaken in the Indian population.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>Study was conducted in a tertiary care centre (KEM hospital, Mumbai) which is one of the highest volume trauma centres in the country. Data of 3000 patients was obtained from the medical records department for the year 2016-2019. Patients were segregated with respect to their genders and into three age groups. Etiology of fracture was noted, and fractures classified according to the anatomical area. Whether the patient received conservative or operative management was also recorded.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>43.83% of the fractures occurred in 18-50 years age group. 41.33% in the above 50 group and only 14.73% in the below 18 age group. Overall male to female ratio was 1.4: 1. Vehicular accident was the most common mode of injury (47.07%) followed by fall from height (21.03%). Proximal femur fractures were the most common accounting for 19.57% of all fractures followed by forearm (10.53%), tibia diaphysis (8.10%). Talus was the least common. 81.07% cases were managed operatively and 18.93% conserved.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights that Indian epidemiology is unique from our Western counterparts. Population affected is much younger, old age males are affected more than females. Lower limb fractures are more prevalent and road traffic accidents are responsible for almost half the fractures.</p>

scholarly journals Dental caries prevalence among 12–15-year-olds in Lithuania between 1983 and 2005

Medicina ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Milčiuvienė ◽  
Eglė Bendoraitienė ◽  
Vilija Andruškevičienė ◽  
Julija Narbutaitė ◽  
Jurgina Sakalauskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
T Score ◽  
Health Organization

Objective. To analyze the dynamics of prevalence and severity of dental caries among 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren in six regions of Lithuania. Material and methods. A total of 5910 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years were examined. Dental caries was diagnosed according to the criteria of World Health Organization. The prevalence of dental caries was calculated by dividing the number of children with caries by the number of all children examined and expressed as percentage. Severity of dental caries was described by DMF-T index. DMF-T indices of individual persons as well as each age group were determined. Oral hygiene was evaluated by a simplified oral hygiene index. Fluoride concentration in Kretinga was 1.6–2.2 ppm; in the other regions, it varied between 0.2 to 0.4 ppm. Results. The prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-olds was 88.4% in 1983 and 85.5% in 2005; among 15-year-olds, it was 95.5% and 92.9%, respectively. Mean DMF-T score decreased from 4.5 (in 1983) to 3.7 (in 2005) among 12-year-olds and from 6.4 (in 1983) to 5.6 (in 2005) among 15-year-olds. Oral hygiene index decreased from 1.69 in 1983 to 1.34 in 2005 among 12-year-olds and from 1.46 to 1.22 among 15-year-olds, respectively. Conclusions. A tendency towards decrease in the prevalence and severity of dental caries was observed, when caries prevention program was running. Correlation between oral hygiene and DMF-T was observed in both age groups. Decreased prevalence and intensity of dental caries among 12- and 15-year-olds were associated with improved oral hygiene, usage of fluoride toothpaste, and fluoride content in drinking water.

scholarly journals Hydrostatic reducibility of intussusception among different age groups in paediatric population-a descriptive study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Sreejith Haridas ◽  
Vineed S. ◽  
K. Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Hydrostatic Reduction ◽  
Paediatric Age

Background: Intussusception is one of the most frequent causes of bowel obstruction in infants and toddlers. In children, it is often an idiopathic condition and treated non-surgically by radiologic reduction. Primary aim of study was to analyse the outcome of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception across different paediatric age group patients admitted in a medical college hospital.Methods: This is a hospital based descriptive study conducted in tertiary care centre for one year duration in 2014-2015. 90 patients admitted with diagnosis of intussusceptions for hydrostatic reduction were interviewed with the proforma and details were collected. The procedural detail of hydrostatic reduction was also collected. Patients were followed up for a period of 48 hours post successful hydrostatic reduction.Results: Hydrostatic reducibility of intussusception was 63.3% in less than 3 months age group compared to 93.3% each in other two groups. Overall hydrostatic reducibility was of 83.3%, while 16.7% went for laparotomy. First group had 36.7% cases gone for laparotomy. Analysis of each of the study variables was done to find out their association with hydrostatic reducibility. Only duration, bleeding per rectum, lethargy, dehydration, side of lesion and total count were found to have a statistically significant p value. Logistic regression analysis of the above five variables revealed that only the ‘duration of symptoms’ had a statistically significant independent association with hydrostatic reducibility of intussusception ,with a p value of 0.033 and odds ratio 12.477. 5.3% of cases of first group had recurrence within 48 hours of hydrostatic reduction, while 10.7% and 21.4% of cases from second and third group respectively had recurrence within 48 hours of reduction. Overall recurrence of intussusception within 48hours is 13.3%.Conclusions: Hydrostatic reduction of intussusception is more successful in paediatric age group > 3 months compared to < 3 months. Shorter duration of symptoms, especially < 48 hours may have a favourable effect on hydrostatic reducibility of pediatric intussusception. Rate of recurrence of intussusception within 48 hours of successful hydrostatic reduction is 13.3 per 100 paediatric cases.

scholarly journals A clinical study of anemia in children aged 6 months–5 years in a tertiary care center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 367-370
Author(s):  
Siva Saranappa ◽  
Jennifer Wu
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Anemia is the most commonly observed hematological diseases in children. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that globally, 1.62 billion people are anemic, with the highest prevalence of anemia (47.4%) among preschool-aged children. Of these 293 million children, 89 million live in India. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the factors causing anemia in children aged between 6 months and 5 years and its prevalence within this age group. Methods: This study is a prospective observational study conducted in KIMS Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka. A total of 200 children in the age group of 6 months–5 years with features of anemia or having hemoglobin <11 g/dl were included in the study for a duration of 18 months between January 2019 and June 2020. Detailed history was recorded and examination findings were noted. The data collected were tabulated and statistically analyzed accordingly. Results: About 57.5% of the children with anemia fell between the age group of 6 months and 2 years and 42.5% of children were in the age groups of 2–5 years. A male predominance was seen (61%) with male-to-female ratio of approximately 1.56:1. Most of the children were found to have mild (46%) and moderate anemia (46%) with only a minority (8%) presenting with severe anemia. About 56.5% of the children had a normal nutritional status while 41% were malnourished and 2.5% had both wasting and stunting. Exclusive breastfeeding (for 6 months) history was present in 59% of the children. These children belonged mostly to the upper lower (45%) and lower middle (41%) socioeconomic status. This study also showed anemia in children most commonly presented majorly with concurrent involvement of the respiratory system (31%) followed by infectious diseases (30%) and gastrointestinal disorders (23%). Conclusion: The current study concludes that iron deficiency anemia is a multifactorial hematological disease. Learning about the predisposing risk factors can help to adopt the necessary precautions to prevent anemia in these children. Improving the nutritional status of the children by involving parents and counseling them regarding important feeding practices can help to prevent anemia.

scholarly journals A clinicoepidemiological study of dermatoses among paediatric population

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2106
Author(s):  
Rohini Sharma ◽  
Sameer Abrol
Keyword(s):  
Normal Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Alike the normal population, even paediatric population encounters various dermatological conditions. Dermatosis among paediatric population can range from acute conditions, to chronic or recurrent and does carry significant burden on quality of life. It has to be dealt separately from adults as it has different symptoms, requires different treatment as has different prognosis for the same disease as compared to adults. Aim was to study the clinico-epidemiological profile of various dermatoses prevalent among the paediatric population less than 18 years.Methods: This was a prospective study done at a tertiary care centre of Jammu region. Paediatric patients less than 18 years of age attending the dermatology outpatient department were taken up for study. A detailed history was taken from the patient or attendants, detailed clinical examination was done. Also, laboratory investigations like KOH, gram stain, AFB stain, woods lamp, histopathological studies among others were done wherever required. The results were statistically evaluated and inferences drawn.Results: A total of 600 children were taken up for study. Males outnumbered the females with 302 females and 298 males. Maximum no. of patients (36.8%) were in the 6-11 years age group followed by 1-5 years age group (27%). Most common dermatoses seen over all the age groups was infections and infestations (39.1%) followed by eczematous group (16%). However, the pattern of dermatoses did vary in each age group and also was determined by the climate. Many patients had more than one dermatoses.Conclusions: This study was done to assess the burden of dematoses among paediatric population and found that various dermatoses did vary according to various age groups. Infections and infestations formed a major share.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA IN INDOOR PATIENTS OF TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-601
Author(s):  
Shivani Gandhi ◽  
◽  
Shiffali Sarngal ◽  
Swati Arora ◽  
Anu Mangoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Graduate Department ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Male Patients

Introduction: Anaemia is a global health problem, prevalent among the individuals of all age groups. It has great impact on the mental as well as physical growth and development. Material And Method: The present study is prospective in nature conducted in the Post graduate department of Pathology, GMC Jammu which included 1600 indoor patients. History, physical examination and primary blood investigation were done in all the cases. Results: Moderate anaemia was prevalent in female patients. Majority of the female patients were in the age group of 61-70 years. Mild anaemia was prevalent in male patients and 51-60 years was the most common age group. Conclusion: Study of anaemia is important to reach the underlying etiological factor in order to direct the early management of anaemia.

scholarly journals A retrospective study of mucocutaneous lesions of SLE patients and their systemic implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Rekha Gurunatham Ponnurangam ◽  
Rajkumar Kannan ◽  
Kamalanathan Nallu ◽  
Muthusubramanian Chandrasekar
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
Cns Lupus ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
High Degree

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> SLE is a systemic disease with multiorgan involvement occuring very rarely, if so, it has a very grave prognosis if not detected early. Our study enlightens about the evolution of mucocutaneous lesions which can serve as an eye opener for early detection of systemic involvement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology at a tertiary care centre from May 2017 to April 2018 retrospectively. From 15 confirmed cases of SLE a critical retrospective analysis of symptom complex evolution was done and thus a clinical correlation of evolution of mucocutaneous lesions and systemic involvement was attempted.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of the fifteen patients in our study comprising various age groups (4-51 years), mean age group was 29.76 years. 14 (93%) were female patients and 1 (6.6%) male patient. Oral ulcerations, Non-scarring alopecia and vasculitic lesions were predominant (3 patients-80%) followed by photosensitivity and cheilitis (9 patients- 60%). Systemic involvement was present in 9 (60%), out of which one (6%) patient had lupus nephritis and 3 patients (20%) had CNS lupus, 2 (13%) had chronic unilateral scleritis, 2 (13%) had interstitial lung disease, one (6%) had coronary heart disease. Mucocutaneous lesions preceded the systemic involvement in 88.8% of cases, with mean duration being 3 years (4 months – 10 years).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Mucocutaneous lesions could serve as an eye opener for diagnosis of SLE, which is always a diagnosis made out of high degree of suspicion apart from certain mucocutaneous lesions serving as an ominous sign of system involvement in SLE.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Unilateral Proptosis in a Tertiary Care Centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dsouza ◽  
Pooja Kandula ◽  
Gurudutt Kamath ◽  
Manjunath Kamath
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Surgery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Unilateral Proptosis ◽  
Common Manifestation

Proptosis, the forward protrusion of the eyeball, is a common manifestation of a wide variety of diseases inside the orbit and its spaces. Its diagnosis is usually a combined effort of the ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, neurosurgeon, and radiologist. A clinical study of twenty-five cases with unilateral proptosis were studied in different age groups over a period of about 3 years under different headings like distribution, clinical features, radiological features, histopathological aspects, management, and outcomes of diseases. Proptosis measurement was done by simple/plastic ruler exophthalmometry, and diagnosis was made after a detailed clinical examination and ancillary tests. Treatment modality was decided based on radiological and histopathological examination reports, which included medical surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy or a combination of all. In our study, most of the patients were in the age group of more than 60 years. The M : F ratio is 3 : 1. One case had a large proptosis of 18 mm above normal and 2 cases were as small as 3 mm. Diagnosis was mainly done by clinical features and confirmed by radiological and histopathological features. Most of them were treated medically (13 cases, i.e., 52%) and the rest by surgery with a combination of radiotherapy/chemotherapy (12 cases, i.e., 48%).

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