scholarly journals Prevalence of Dangerous Ethmoid in a Tertiary Center in Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (219) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Mishra ◽  
Shyam Thapa Chhetri ◽  
Ashok Raj Pant ◽  
Shankar Prasad Shah ◽  
Sriti Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Tertiary Center

Introduction: Endoscopic sinus surgery is a well-known approach for sino-nasal pathologies. Due to close proximity to the brain and orbit, the surgeon should be aware of the sino-nasal anatomy and its associated variations. Detailed preoperative assessment of the sinus computed tomography scans reduces the frequency of severe complications in patients undergoing an endoscopic sinus surgery. So, the aim of this study is to find the prevalence of dangerous ethmoid in a tertiary center in eastern Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in a Computed tomography scan of 50 patients with chronic sinusitis undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery from February 2018 to August 2018 in the department of Otolaryngology and Radiology of BP Koirala institute of health sciences after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee of the institute. Measurements are taken in the coronal plane. The depth of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate was defined according to the Keros classification which defines the dangerous ethmoid. and side. Data entered in MS excel. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS version 11.5. Results: Keros type I, II, and III were noted in 17 (17%), 54 (54%) and 29 (29%) of cases respectively. The mean width of the olfactory fossa, medial orbital wall distance and distance from medial nasal concha were 3.57mm, 8.77mm & 17.78mm respectively. Conclusions: The most common type of dangerous ethmoid was keros type II. Conclusions: The most common type of dangerous ethmoid was keros type II.

Computed tomography assessment of the ethmoid roof based on Keros classification in Iraqi patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Baseem Natheer Abdulhadi ◽  
Ali Ibrahim Shyaa ◽  
Laith ALTamimi
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Background: Among the most popular methods employed to classify the depth of the olfactory fossa is Keros classification. This study aims to assess Keros classification of the ethmoid roof, any possible association between Keros types and gender, and the incidence of asymmetry between right and left sides among Iraqi patients.  Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Shaheed Gazi Al-Hariri Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. The archived reports and the CT scans images (nose and paranasal sinuses) of 126 patients who have undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery between January 2019 and January 2020 were reviewed. Univariate and bivariate statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24. The statistically significant was considered at less than 0.05. Results: More than half of patients were females (54.0%) with a mean age of 31.52 ± 11.38 (SD) years (range: 10-57 years). Among the total patients, the mean depth of olfactory fossa (OF) was 3.58 ± 0.02 mm. Results showed that Keros type I was the most common type (71.0%), followed by type II (27.4%) and type III (1.6%) respectively. The difference in the olfactory fossa depth between the right and left sides was ≥ 1 mm in 16 (12.7%) patients and < 1 mm in 110 (87.3%) patients. Moreover, there was no significant relation between symmetry/asymmetry and gender ( p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: Keros type I was the most common type, which carries the lowest risk of inadvertent intracranial injury during endoscopic sinus surgery; besides the relatively low percentage of asymmetry in the depth of the two olfactory fossae among patients, surgeons should always be cautious during surgery to avoid iatrogenic injury concerning the thin lateral lamella of the cribriform plate.

scholarly journals Cone Beam Computed Tomography-Based Anatomical Assessment of the Olfactory Fossa

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Andre Luiz Ferreira Costa ◽  
Aline Kataki Paixão ◽  
Bianca Costa Gonçalves ◽  
Celso Massahiro Ogawa ◽  
Thiago Martinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to investigate the olfactory fossa according to the Keros classification using cone beam computed tomography. This cross-sectional study analysed cone beam computed tomography images selected from a database belonging to a radiology centre. The scans of 174 healthy patients were analysed by using the Xoran software. Gender, age, and side were correlated with the Keros classification. The mean age of the 174 patients was 45.3 years. The most prevalent Keros classification was type II (65.52%), followed by type III (20.69%) and type I (13.79%). No significant differences were found between Keros classification and the variables age, right side (pvalue = 0.4620), and left side (pvalue = 0.5709). There were also no significant differences between gender and the variables right side (pvalue = 0.1421) and left side (pvalue = 0.2136). Based on these results, we suggest that cone beam computed tomography can be recommended for analysis of the anterior skull base. Keros type II was the most prevalent type in our sample.

The Intersinus Septal Cell: Anatomic, Radiologic, and Clinical Correlation

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Merritt ◽  
John P. Bent ◽  
Frederick A. Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Frontal Sinusitis ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Modern Era

Functional endoscopic frontal sinus surgery requires detailed knowledge of intranasal anatomy. Occasionally frontal sinusitis involves the intersinus septal cell (ISSC), which has not been described in the modern era of nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT). To study the ISSC, we reviewed 300 CT scans: 200 clinical and 100 cadaveric. We found ISSC in 70 (35%) of clinical scans, with six subjects having multiple ISSC. The cadaveric prevalence was slightly less at 31%. We further classified the ISSC according to the following criteria: type I, enclosed completely within the thin intersinus septum or bridging its entire inferior-superior extent; type II, bordered partially by this thin septum and partially by the thick septal base formed by the nasofrontal bone; type III, enclosed completely within the nasofrontal bone, often extending between frontal recesses rather than the actual sinuses. This report supplements our radiologic ISSC analysis with our experiences in five clinical cases.

scholarly journals Assessment of depth of olfactory fossa in pre-functional endoscopic sinus surgery computed tomography scan of paranasal sinuses

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Pawar ◽  
Santosh Konde ◽  
Priya Bhole
Keyword(s):  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Ct Studies

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">To evaluate the olfactory fossae depth according to the Keros' classification on pre functional endoscopic sinus surgery (pre-FESS) and determine the incidence and degree of asymmetry in the height of the ethmoid roof in the population of western Maharashtra</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">Retrospective analysis of 200 multidetector CT studies (400 sides) of paranasal sinuses performed in between January to August, 2017</span><span lang="EN-IN">.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">According to the Keros’ classification, the incidence of different types of olfactory fossae was as follows: type I: 18.5%, type II: 74.5% and type III: 7%. Asymmetry in the ethmoid roof height was found in 11.5% of cases</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">Keros’ type II was the commonest followed by type I and type III. There was asymmetry in the depth of the olfactory fossae in 11.5% cases. There was no significant gender predilection as far as type and asymmetry were considered</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

Medial orbital protrusion - a potentially hazardous anomaly during endoscopic sinus surgery

1999 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 754-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Lim ◽  
P. J. Hadfield ◽  
S. Ghiacy ◽  
N. R. Bleach
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Developmental Anomaly ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
Medial Orbital Wall

AbstractWe report the case of a 57-year-old patient with a presumed developmental anomaly of the medial orbital wall. The resultant protrusion of orbital contents into the ethmoidal complex was clearly demonstrated on coronal computed tomography (CT) scans of the paranasal sinuses. This anomaly presents a high risk of iatrogenic injury to the medial rectus and orbit during functional endoscopic sinus surgery and has not previously been described.

scholarly journals Prevalence of aortic arch anatomical branching variants in Kenyan population as shown on contrast enhanced chest multidetector computed tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Amakabane ◽  
Gladys N. Mwango
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Background: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of aortic arch(AA) anatomical branching variants present in Kenyan population as shown on a chest contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Methods: The study design was a prospective cross-sectional study carried out in 6 months (between May and November 2016) at the Kenyatta National Hospital(KNH) department of Radiology. Participants were recruited amongst patients referred for a chest contrast enhanced MDCT. Acquired data was subjected to volume rendering technique (VRT) and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) software to define the anatomy of the AA. The type of AA branching classification used was one derived by Natsis et al. Data analysis involved calculating frequency distributions of AA variations using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 software. Results: One hundred and eighty-five subjects (86 males and 99 females) were recruited. Ninety-five participants had classical AA Natsis type I. Ninety participants had non-classical variant AA of which 83 participants had Natsis type II while 2 patients had Natsis type III. The remaining 3 had a variant AA not found in the Natsis study. Conclusions: Variations in the branching pattern of AA are very common in Kenya with the most common being Natsis type II. Keywords: aortic arch; anatomical variants; branching variation; chest multidetector computed tomography

scholarly journals Anatomical variations in superior attachment of uncinate process and localization of frontal sinus outflow tract

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Arun G. ◽  
Sanu P. Moideen ◽  
Mohan M. ◽  
Khizer Hussain Afroze M. ◽  
Aparna S. Thampy
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Uncinate Process ◽  
Outflow Tract ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Frontal Recess ◽  
Type Iv

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Uncinate process (UP) is a part of ethmoid bone, which is a thin sickle shaped projection on the lateral wall of nose. UP extends from the frontal recess superiorly and inferiorly to the ethmoid process of inferior turbinate. Various studies have shown that superior attachment of uncinate process (SAUP) is the key to frontal recess region in endoscopic sinus surgeries (ESS). But these studies have yielded conflicting results, showing multiple patterns and classifications of superior attachment of uncinate process. Knowing the anatomic variations of SAUP will help the surgeon to plan the endoscopic sinus surgery and to avoid the unwanted complications. Hence this study was conducted to observe and classify the superior attachment of uncinate process and to localize the frontal sinus outflow tract<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We did a retrospective cross sectional study, consisting of 100 patients including both sexes, above the age of 10 years. We excluded pregnant ladies, patients with prior sinus surgeries, sinonasal tumours, nasal polyposis, and craniofacial trauma<span lang="EN-IN">.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We observed Type I SAUP, in 67.5% (n=135) cases, Type II SAUP in 18.5% (n=37), Type III attachment in 9.5% (n =19) and Type IV in 4.5% (n=9). Bilaterally similar attachments observed in 96% cases. Rest of the cases (4%), the attachment patterns was varying between sides<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The site of SAUP is highly variable. The most common type of SAUP is Type I (67.5%) followed by Type II (18.5%), Type III (9.5%) and Type IV (4.5%)<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

Rostrocaudal pattern of fiber-type changes in an overloaded rat ankle extensor

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Gardiner ◽  
B. J. Jasmin ◽  
P. Corriveau
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Type ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertrophic Response ◽  
Type I Fibers

Our aim was to quantify the overload-induced hypertrophy and conversion of fiber types (type II to I) occurring in the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle (MG). Overload of MG was induced by a bilateral tenotomy/retraction of synergists, followed by 12–18 wk of regular treadmill locomotion (2 h of walking/running per day on 3 of 4 days). We counted all type I fibers and determined type I and II mean fiber areas in eight equidistant sections taken along the length of control and overloaded MG. Increase in muscle weights (31%), as well as in total muscle cross-sectional areas (37%) and fiber areas (type I, 57%; type II, 34%), attested to a significant hypertrophic response in overloaded MG. An increase in type I fiber composition of MG from 7.0 to 11.5% occurred as a result of overload, with the greatest and only statistically significant changes (approximately 70–100%) being found in sections taken from the most rostral 45% of the muscle length. Results of analysis of sections taken from the largest muscle girth showed that it significantly underestimated the extent of fiber conversion that occurred throughout the muscle as a whole. These data obtained on the MG, which possesses a compartmentalization of fiber types, support the notion that all fiber types respond to this model with a similar degree of hypertrophy. Also, they emphasize the complex nature of the adaptive changes that occur in these types of muscles as a result of overload.

scholarly journals Schwannomatosis: report of a new case

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nélida S. Garretto ◽  
David Monteverde ◽  
Héctor Giócoli ◽  
Blanca I. Ravera ◽  
Hugo A. Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Left Temporal Lobe ◽  
Brain Computed Tomography

Schwannomatosis is a rare disorder, still not quite well defined, seldom described in the literature. In this paper we report the case of male. Patient, 52 years old, who in the last 30 years developed five subcutaneous tumors within his limbs peripheral nerves, which histologically proved to be schwannomas. A brain computed tomography showed a partially calcified tumor in the left temporal lobe which most likely was a meningioma. A thorough clinical examination was unable to find signs of type I or type II neurofibromatosis. The present condition, probably a form of phacomatosis, has to be distinguished from neurofibromatosis and is considered as an independent clinical entity whose origin still awaits further detailed investigations.

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