scholarly journals Comparison of Acid Fast Bacilli Smear and Culture for the Diagnosis of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (155) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basista Rijal ◽  
P Ghimire ◽  
N R Tuladhar
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

The study was conducted with the objectives to compare the Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) staining and Culture for the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and to find out the burden of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis from the different site of the body in suspected TB patients. The standard Ziehl-Neelsen Technique was done for AFB staining and culture was done in Ogawa Medium. Of the 292 extra-pulmonary samples examined by AFB smear only 2(0.7%) were positive and of the 1058 extra-pulmonary samples cultured 20 (1.9%) were positive. The isolation rate for extra-pulmonary samples was three fold higher in culture in comparison to AFB Smear. The confirmation rate of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was approximately 1/ 8th of the pulmonary tuberculosis by conventional bacteriological diagnostic methods. Of the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis renal, endometrial or pelvic and cold abscess were common in this study. M.tuberculosis was also isolated from peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid, Synovial fluid, lymph node and cerebro spinal fluids only by culture. In conclusion, the standard AFB culture has significant role for diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, even though the conventional bacteriological technique could diagnose very low number of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The new methods of diagnosis should be considered to confirm more extra- pulmonary  tuberculosis.Key Words: Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, AFB Smear, Culture, Diagnosis, Nepal.

A STUDY ON EXTRA PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: SITE DISTRIBUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
Chhotala Yagnik ◽  
Vishal Oza ◽  
Chetal Suva
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background:Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can affect the lymph nodes, pleura, bones, joints, genito-urinary tract, nervous system (meningitis, tuberculoma), abdominal tuberculosis (intestines, mesentery, solid organs), skin. Materials and Methods: It is a record based, observational prospective study which assesses the presentation and evaluation of the site of distribution of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and management of it in a tertiary care hospital. Result:In present study, 26% of cases from lymph node TB, 20% cases from CNS and pleural TB, 18% cases from GIT, 8% cases from skeletal TB, 4% cases from GUT, 2% cases from ocular and 2% cases from pericardial TB Conclusion:The frequency of extrapulmonary TB in this study was highest in lymph node followed by pleural, CNS, GIT, skeletal and others respectively

scholarly journals 762. Sex Differences in the Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S274-S274
Author(s):  
Maissa Ben Jemaa ◽  
Makram Koubaa ◽  
Houda Ben Ayed ◽  
Chakib Marrakchi ◽  
Maroua Trigui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Abstract Background According to WHO, many more men than women are diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) and die from it globally. In light of this fact, examining the gender differences among patients with TB is important to institute effective prevention, coverage and treatment. We aim to study sex differences in the epidemiology and clinical specificities of TB. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of patients with TB, of all ages between January 1995 and December 2016. Data were collected from the regional register of tuberculosis implanted at the anti tuberculosis center ATC of Sfax, Southern Sfax. Results We recorded 2,771 new cases of TB. Sex ratio was 1.2. Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PT) represented 40.5% of all cases of TB (n = 1,121) and was 2.5 times more frequent in men than women (50.3% vs. 28.7%; P < 0.001). The sex ratio for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPT) was 0.83. Lymph node and abdominal TB were significantly more frequent in women with respectively 52.5% (vs. 37.4%; P < 0.001) and 12.6% (vs. 9.1%; P = 0.025). Pleural and urogenital TB were significantly more common in men (20.3% vs. 8.9%; P < 0.001 and 13.4% vs. 9.8%; P = 0.023 respectively). We did not found any gender differences in other EPT forms. Between 1995 and 2016, overall TB (P = 0.001; rho = 0.64), EPT (P = 0.02; rho = 0.63) and PT (P = 0.03; rho = 0.46) cases were increasingly notified in women while they were stable in men. Death rates were significantly more important in men (3.5 vs. 2.1; P = 0.02). Women experienced recovery more frequently (89.2% vs. 86.7%; P = 0.04) and duration of treatment was significantly higher in women (9 months vs. 8 months; P < 0.001). Conclusion Our study highlighted sex differences of TB in the region of Sfax with a higher burden and morbidity in men. National TB programs should actively focus in these results with more routine diagnostic and screening. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Assessment of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases from selected tuberculosis units (TUs) of Himachal Pradesh, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Bhardwaj ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Sunil Kumar Raina ◽  
Sushant Sharma ◽  
Vishav Chander
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
One Year

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) gained attention for study its local disease epidemiology for disease control.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To study the distribution and determinants of EPTB in randomly selected tuberculosis units (TUs) of Himachal Pradesh. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Multistage random sampling was used; four districts were selected randomly from total 12 districts of state and then one TU was selected from each selected district. In addition, two medical colleges were also included as a referral point for EPTB cases.  </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Total 463 EPTB cases were studied during one-year study period; pleural (41.9%) and Lymph Node (31.3%) was frequently observed involved sites. Among male's pleural effusion (48.2%) was commonly involved site followed by lymph node (23.5%), whereas, lymph node was involved in 40.6% followed by pleural effusion in 34.4% females. Other common sites for EPTB were abdomen (6.0%), bone (5.6%), meninges (5.2%) and pericardium (3.9%) and for both males and females. Mean duration of diagnosis since appearance of symptoms was 40 days; only 10.0% of patients received antibiotics for the average of two weeks before formulating EPTB diagnosis. About 35.0% patients underwent FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) to establish diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Invasive diagnostic facilities at peripheral health institutions will help further to better understand EPTB epidemiology.</p>

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Isolated Cervical Tubercular Lymphadenopathy, How to Proceed?: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ravi Singh Dogra ◽  
Arjun Singh ◽  
Vinay Bhardwaj ◽  
Poonam ◽  
Srijan Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Body ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Tubercular Lymphadenitis

Tuberculosis is a highly prevalent disease in developing countries, the majority of cases are pulmonary and rest are extra-pulmonary. Cervical LN tuberculosis is one of the most common types of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Isolated cervical tubercular Lymphadenitis without accompanying pulmonary tuberculosis or another form of tuberculosis in the body is rare and, when present, requires thorough clinical examination and investigation. In the investigation of such patients, FNAC plays a major role, and aspirate should be tested for AFB through ZN stain and CBNAAT (PCR). Cervical tubercular Lymphadenitis is mainly a disease of young with a female predominance. All patients of cervical tubercular Lymphadenitis must receive antitubercular therapy with strict follow up for compliance and possible side effects from treatment.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Types and Treatment of Tuberculosis: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Saema Salim
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The World ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Hiv Negative

Tuberculosis (TB) has reemerged as one of the main cause of death in human beings in recent years. TB is caused by a group of species called Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and it causes three million deaths each year around the world. In 2010, the global estimated incidence of TB was about 8.0 million. The number of deaths from TB among HIV-negative patients was 1.0 million while the number of deaths among the HIV-positive TB was about 0.40 million. The higher incident and elevation of MDR cases demand efforts to shift focus to various control strategies against TB. According to WHO, in 2014 magnitude of TB was recorded as 126 positive cases per 0.1 million population in the world. Pakistan ranks fourth in high TB burden countries where each year approximately 297,000 TB cases are reported. Tuberculosis can be comprehensively grouped into two main types; pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis affects the lungs and is most common type of TB. In 15 to 20 % cases of the active TB, the infection spreads from lungs to different parts of the body. This condition is called extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Different treatment regimens are available for tuberculosis.    

scholarly journals Primary tubercular submandibular abscess: a rare presentation in two years old girl

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Jyoti Bajpai ◽  
Surya Kant ◽  
Ajay Kumar Verma ◽  
Darshan Kumar Bajaj ◽  
Akshyaya Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Submandibular Lymph Node ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a serious problem in developing countries. The prevalence of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is higher in immunocompromised, especially human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infected patients. The most common site of extra pulmonary tuberculosis is lymph node followed by pleura. Lymph nodes are pivotal component of immune system and hence they are affected in various conditions like infections, autoimmune disorder, malignancy However, tubercular affliction of submandibular lymph node is not common. Only a few cases of tubercular submandibular abscess in immune-competent children have been reported in literature. Here we report a case of two-year old girl with non-healing multiple submandibular lymph node abscess presenting as a primary tuberculosis that proved diagnostically challenging. She responded favourably to a five drug anti-tubercular regimen.

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