scholarly journals Long -term growth sources for sectors of Russian economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-112
Author(s):  
S.M. Ivashchenko ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unit Root ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Demand Elasticity ◽  
Stationary Structure ◽  
Stochastic Trends ◽  
Capital Depreciation ◽  
Real Value ◽  
Dynamic Stochastic ◽  
Adf Test

Theoretical models suggest stationary structure of sectors. Sometimes this suggestion is hidden (balanced growth). The ratio of variables for 2 sectors is unit root at the most cases (for 14 Russian sectors and 6 variables per sector). The lowest share of stationary ratios is 5/91 for real value added with ADF test (KPSS test for the same variable leads to 38/91 stationary ratios). The cointegration rank differs across sectors in wide ranges (from 1 for trade (G) or government administration (L) till 5 for agriculture (AB)). The dynamic stochastic partial equilibrium (DSPE) model is created. It is model of firms in DSGE-style and description of the rest economy by exogenous rules. The model is estimated for each of 14 sectors. The model includes 5 sources of stochastic trends: TFP; labor supply; investments efficiency; investments prices; prices of intermediate goods. Any 2 sectors significantly differ by key parameters (production function shares, capital depreciation, and demand elasticity). The drift of unit root sources differs across sectors (including sign). Only few pairs of sectors differ insignificantly (3/182 or 8/91 depending on test specification). The variance decomposition of trends (for various variables) is computed. It varies in wide ranges across sectors and variables. Thus, usage of aggregate data in theoretical model leads to loose of large amount of information.

Dynamic Planning Models for E-Business Strategy

2011 ◽  
pp. 854-862
Author(s):  
Janice M. Burn ◽  
Colin G. Ash
Keyword(s):  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Dynamic Planning ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
New Business ◽  
Staged Model

Much has been written about e-business and how this concept will transform industries into virtual networks of customers and suppliers working together to create value-added processes (Fahey, Srivastava, Sharon, & Smith, 2001). Typically, successful organisations will have embraced enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems to integrate e-business processes within the organisation and to underpin the creation of integrated interorganisational systems. This frequently results in new business processes, organisational structures, human resource skill requirements, management roles, and knowledge management systems (Robey et al., 2002). To be successful in this new climate, however, organisations have to learn new approaches to strategy and planning for collaborative systems and to manage e-business enabled cycles of innovation (Wheeler, 2002; Zahra & George, 2002). Few studies have explored the dynamics of e-business strategic planning and little information is available on how to implement new paradigms successfully and how to ensure more effective e-business performance as a result (Damanpour, 2001; Kallio, Saarinen, & Tannila, 2002). This article reports on the findings from multiple case studies of e-business projects in ERP-enabled organisations. Each organisation was investigated in a three stage study over 4 years, using three theoretical models of e-business implementations to assess success. The key findings from each case study were captured into a staged model for e-business transformation and related to a dynamic planning model that can be applied across all stages of growth of the extended enterprise.

scholarly journals CORRECTLY MEASURING REAL VALUE ADDED

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Cassing
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Real Value

Location model for a remanufacturing reverse logistics network based on adaptive genetic algorithm

SIMULATION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1069-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yan ◽  
Bo Yan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Demand Elasticity ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Adaptive Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Loop Model

Energy saving and environmental protection are important issues of today. Concerning the environmental and social need to increase the utilization of used products, this paper introduces two remanufacturing reverse logistics (RL) network models, namely, the open-loop model and the closed-loop model. In an open-loop RL system, used products are recovered by outside firms, while in a closed-loop RL system, they are returned to their original producers. The open-loop model features a location selection with two layers. For this model, a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) is built to minimize the total costs of the open-loop RL system, including the fixed cost, the freight between nodes, the operation cost of storage and remanufacturing centers, the penalty cost of unmet or remaining demand quantity, and the government-provided subsidy given to the enterprises that protect the environment. This MILP is solved using an adaptive genetic algorithm with MATLAB simulation. For a closed-loop RL network model, a special demand function considering the relationship between new and remanufactured products is developed. Remanufacturing rate, environmental awareness, service demand elasticity, value-added services, and their impacts on total profit of the closed-loop supply chain are analyzed. The closed-loop RL network model is proved effective through the analysis of a numerical example.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANJUNG (Mimusops elengi Linn.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN MULSA KERING ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) The Influence Seedling Growth of Tanjung Seed (Mimusops elengi Linn.) on Dry Mulching Enceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Noormela Racmawati ◽  
Adistina Fitriani ◽  
Riza Febriani
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Real ◽  
A Value ◽  
Real Value ◽  
Mimusops Elengi ◽  
Treatment Designs ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Pengaruh Pemberian Mulsa Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) Terhadap Pertumbuhan BibitTanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase hidup bibit Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) pada setiap perlakuan, menganalisa pengaruh pemberian mulsa kering eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) terhadap pertumbuhan bibit Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) dan mengetahui pertumbuhan terbaik bibit Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) pada setiap perlakuan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 10 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu perlakuan pertama kontrol (tanpa pemberian mulsa), perlakuan kedua dengan memberikan mulsa 20 gram, perlakuan ketiga dengan pemberian mulsa 40 gram dan perlakuan keempat dengan pemberian mulsa 60 gram. Persentase hidup bibit Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) di shade house tergolong sangat baik di semua perlakuan dengan nilai 100 %. Pertambahan tinggi bibit Tanjung menunjukkan perlakuan A1 memiliki pertambahan tinggi terbesar yaitu 10,0 cm. Hasil dari analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan tinggi batang dan jumlah daun karena nilai F hitung lebih kecil dari pada F tabel. Pertambahan jumlah daun semai Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan A1 yang memiliki pertambahan jumlah daun terbesar yaitu 4,6 helai. Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata karena nilai F hitung lebih kecil dari F tabel.Kata kunci : Mimusops elengi Linn.; Tanjung; bibit; pertumbuhan; mulsaThis research aims to know the percentage of live seeds Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) at each treatment, analyzes the influence of the giving of the mulch is dry Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) against the growth of seedlings of Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) and know the best seedling growth of Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) in each treatment. Designs used are random design complete with 4 treatments and 10 replicates. As for the treatments used, namely the control first treatment (without granting mulch), a second treatment by giving mulch 20 grams, a third treatments with the awarding of the mulch 40 grams and fourth treatment by administering mulch 60 grams. The percentage of live seeds Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) in the shade house belongs in all treatments with a value of 100%. High value added seed treatment shows that Tanjung A1 which has a high value added i.e. greatest 10.0 cm. results of the analysis of diversity shows that the treatment had no effect against the real value added high stem and leaf number because the value of count is smaller than F on F table. Increase the amount of leaves for Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) shows that the treatment that has added the number of the A1 leaves the largest i.e. 4.6 strands. The results of the analysis show the diversity of treatment has no effect because the real value of F count smaller than F table.

scholarly journals E-Fraud and Bank Performance: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
TYONA Timothy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Online Fraud ◽  
Adf Test

This study examines e-fraud and bank performance: empirical evidence from Nigeria. Expo facto research design was used while time series data for the period of ten (10) years sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical Bulletin. Unit root test and correlation matrix was used as a diagnostic tests. The Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test is used to test for stationarity. The results of the stationarity or unit root test show that all the variables, return on equity (ROE), Automated Teller Machine Fraud (ATF) and Online Fraud (OLF) have unit roots and are only stationary at first difference and integrated of order one I (1). The fully modified least squares regression (FMOLS) is used for the analysis. The result of the study indicates that both variables, online fraud, (OLF) and ATM fraud (ATF) show negative effect on bank performance proxied in Nigeria in line with a priori expectation. In order words, fraud and fraudulent activities impede on the profitability of the banks. Based on the results obtained from the regression and the analysis conducted, the study recommends among others that bank managers should strengthen their internal control systems at all times. The regulatory authorities should be up and doing concerning their supervisory functions. Appropriate disciplinary measures should be taken against culprits of e-frauds so as deter others with such intentions. Also, banks should hold regular trainings for their Information Technology staff to counter the activities of fraudsters that use electronic means to commit fraud.

Equilibrium models intended to overcome limits

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Boland
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Equilibrium Models ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Models ◽  
General Equilibrium Models ◽  
Dynamic Stochastic ◽  
Applied General Equilibrium Models

This chapter will critically examine today’s common ways to build equilibrium models. These specifically include Dynamic-Stochastic General Equilibrium models, game theoretical models and empirical GE models. Each of these types of equilibrium model try to address the issues of how a model’s decision makers get the information needed to guarantee the attainment of a state of equilibrium. The chapter addresses the alleged limits of general equilibrium models (particularly the issues of dynamics, time and expectations), the current attempts to overcome the limits of general equilibrium models, and three empirical alternatives to Walrasian general equilibrium models. These alternatives include the Computable General Equilibrium models and the Applied General Equilibrium models. The third model involves building econometric models only after evaluating the statistical properties of the data before using them in the model.

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