scholarly journals Chrześcijańska interpretacja kilku antycznych gemm

Vox Patrum ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 585-603
Author(s):  
Anna Ryś
Keyword(s):  

The article presents the Christian interpretation of four ancient gems from the collection of Cabinet des médailles (department of French National Library). Next to the role of the objects in medieval tradition the history of the gems is presented. An attempt at explaining the reasons of using the gems in Christian cult is made.

Aschkenas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-374
Author(s):  
Louise Hecht

Abstract The paper addresses an under-researched chapter in the history of the Jewish Reform movement which is at the same time a commonly overlooked period in the biography of Leopold Zunz (1794–1886), one of the founding members of Wissenschaft des Judentums. By placing his eight-month appointment as a preacher to the Reform synagogue in Prague in its socio-political and biographical contexts, the article sheds new light at Zunz’s commitment for the religious renewal of Judaism. A schematic comparison between the development of the Reform movement in the German lands and the Habsburg Monarchy, at the beginning of the nineteenth century highlights the role of state involvement into internal Jewish affairs. Finally, the analysis of Zunz’s Synagogenordnung from 1836, according to the original manuscript from the National Library of Israel, allows a re-evaluation of the (Reform) synagogue as an institution for social disciplining of its members.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Tatiana Yurievna Feklova

Abstract This article is devoted to the history of Russian hypsometric and geographic investigations of the northern part of China, Mongolia, Manchuria, the Amur and the Ussuri region in the 19th century. The article is based on the analysis of numerous sources from the Russian State Historical Archive, St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Academy of Sciences, Russian National Library, the Library of the Shanghai Zikawei Observatory. The article’s methodological framework is objectivity concept, systematically of scientific analysis of archival materials. The considerable attention is paid to H. Fritsche’s, Palladius’s, N.M. Przhevalsky’s and other expeditions. The detailed analysis of a new systematic mapping of the northern part of China, made by the Russian scientists is given. The role of the Beijing Magneto-meteorological observatory in Beijing, as the part of the Russian Academy of sciences, is specially noted. The author considers in details the political and socio-economic conditions of expeditions.


Infolib ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
Umida Teshabayeva ◽  

The article is devoted to the issues of access to electronic scientific and educational resources of the world’s leading publishers for universities and research centers of Uzbekistan. Organized with the support of the National library of Uzbekistan, the international seminar «Scientific information resources for innovative development» opened up opportunities for scientists, teachers, students and librarians to get important information for their activities. The history of the seminar organization and the great role of such events in information support, the entry of the Republic into the world information space and importance it in the innovative development of the country is described.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
E. N. Kasyanchuk ◽  

The article provides a brief overview of the history of the beginning and development of libraries: from the oldest library of Ashurbanipal, in whose collection books were clay cuneiform tablets to the recognized world’s best multifunctional city library of Helsinki with modern equipment. The author hadn’t task to create a detailed chronology of the history of libraries development. Author focused on not only to public libraries, but also to University libraries, since University libraries have always been the flagships of librarianship. The important role of national libraries in the formation of statehood is mentioned. The websites of the MSU Scientific Library, the Russian National Library, and the Central City Library of Helsinki Oodi (Finland) were analyzed. The influence of the invention of printing on libraries is noted. The history of library’s functions expansion is considered: from the function of protection book heritage to the function of support of readers. The role and significance of the library in educating the masses is noted. The author mentions the ideological component of educational activities of libraries in Soviet Russia. The author speaks about the serious impact of global technological changes that took place in the XXI century and the introduction of digital technologies in library’s activities, and the search for new forms of library’s work. Conclusions were drawn about the direction in which libraries are being transformed as a socio- cultural institution. Author relied on the scientific works of Boris F. Volodin, Alexey G. Glukhov and other researchers in this field, while preparing this article.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Evgeny A. Philippov

The article introduces the history of the formation of the Japanese collection in the National Library of Russia. Materials in Japanese are available in various departments of the library; the article focuses on the largest collection of materials in Japanese, namely the Japanese collection of the Department of Asian and African Countries Literature (DAAСL). An attempt is made to briefly present two topics: firstly, the history of the Japanese collection and the department, and secondly, the history and sources of the acquisition and formation of the Japanese fund. Therefore, the article is divided into two sections. In both sections, the history of the DAAСL and the topic of international book exchange in the library are closely interconnected with the main topic of the article, the formation of the Japanese collection. The author also emphasizes the difficulties, negative factors and challenges faced by the fund and the library, not to underestimate the role of the Japanese collection of NLR, but to show what solutions were found throughout its history.


Knygotyra ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 222-234
Author(s):  
JANA DREIMANE

The National Library of Latvia14 K. Barona Street, Riga LV-1423, LatviaE-mail: [email protected]Šeštojo dešimtmečio pabaigoje Latvijoje, kaip ir kitose sovietinėse respublikose bei Europoje, vyravo tendencija atskirti knygos mokslą ir jo unikalųtyrimų objektą – knygą – nuo visų kitų humanitarinių mokslų. Kuriant ir plėtojant Latvijos knygų mokslą svarbus vaidmuo teko Latvijos SSR valstybinei Bibliotekai (šiuo metu – Latvijos nacionalinė biblioteka, toliau ją vadinsime Valstybine biblioteka) bei LSSR mokslų akademijos fundamentinei bibliotekai (šiuo metu – Latvijos universiteto akademinė biblioteka, toliau ją vadinsime Fundamentine biblioteka); jose buvo atliekami vertingi ir išsamūs Latvijos knygos istorijos tyrimai. Ketvirtį amžiaus trukusi santykinai atvira ir stabili akademinėms diskusijoms aplinka leido įsteigti Knygos istorijos komisiją.1965 metų gruodžio 14 dieną keturi šios tyrimų srities entuziastai (Aleksejs Apīnis, Konstantīns Karulis, Kārlis Egle ir Eiženija Peile) pasiūlė įkurti Knygos istorijos komisiją (toliau – Komisija). Iš pradžių Komisija buvo sudedamoji dalis Jungtinės bibliotekų tarybos, kuri veikė Latvijoje nuo 1955 metų. 1967 metų pabaigoje likvidavus Jungtinę bibliotekų tarybą, Komisija buvo perduota Mokslų akademijos žiniai. Nuo to laiko bendradarbiavimas su aukštesnėmis instancijomis turėjo vykti per Fundamentinės bibliotekos direktorių, o ataskaitos apie veiklą pateikiamos jam. Faktiškai dėl susirinkimų dienotvarkės spręsdavo Valstybinės bibliotekos Retų knygų ir rankraščių skyrius, dažniausiai A. Apīnis, kuris parengdavo pranešėjams prasmingų klausimų. Dauguma susirinkimų vykdavo Valstybinės bibliotekos patalpose, išskyrus vasarą – bent kartą per mėnesį.Pagrindinės Komisijos veiklos kryptys: 1) identifikuoti ir vienyti tyrimo institucijas bei pavienius tyrėjus, 2) vertinti tyrimų pasiekimus ir rengiamas publikacijas, 3) skatinti straipsnių rinkinių ir kitos medžiagos, susijusios su Latvijos knygos istorija, publikavimą, 4) organizuoti savo srities mokslines konferencijas.Komisijos susirinkimų protokolai (išsaugoti Latvijos nacionalinės bibliotekos Retų knygų ir rankraščių skyriuje) rodo, kad nuo 1966 iki 1990 metų įvyko daugiau kaip 180 susirinkimų. Viešųjų susirinkimų dalyviams nebuvo keliama jokių formalių reikalavimų. Susirinkimuose buvo pateikiamos ataskaitos apie Lietuvos, Estijos, Rusijos ir sąjungines knygos mokslo konferencijas, knygų muges bei parodas, buvo aptariamos knygų leidybos ir spausdinimo problemos Sovietų Sąjungoje ir užsienyje, taip pat šiuolaikinės knygos meno tendencijos. Labai dažnai susirinkimai prasidėdavo nuo rengiamų spaudai publikacijų vertinimo. Reikėtų pažymėti, kad dauguma pranešimų (jų iš viso buvo perskaityta 330) buvo skirti knygų leidybai ir spausdinimui (daugiau kaip 100) ir visi jie buvo aukštos kokybės. Aktualios nūdienės problemos buvo aptariamos daug rečiau (apie 50 pranešimų). Pasitaikė po keletą pranešimų knygos mokslo teorijos, knygos meno istorijos, knygos istorijos kitose šalyse, bibliografijos istorijos, santykių su kitomis šalimis knygos leidybos srityje, knygų prekybos istorijos, bibliotekininkystės, skaitymo sociologijos, rankraštinių knygų istorijos, cenzūros ir skaitymo psichologijos temomis. Dauguma susirinkimuose aptartų tyrimų vėliau buvo publikuota mokslinėje, populiariojoje spaudoje, taip pat kaip straipsniai laikraščiuose ir žurnaluose.Devintajame dešimtmetyje moksliniai pristatymai ir diskusijos vyko vis rečiau. Dešimtmečio pabaigoje Valstybinė biblioteka atsisakė organizuoti susirinkimus ir perleido šią teisę Fundamentinei bibliotekai, kuri jau organizavo seriją panašių renginių, pavadintų „Misiņš klubs“. 1989 metų gruodžio mėnesio susirinkime buvo paskelbta, kad Komisija išgyvena krizę ir kad reikia grįžti prie istorinių tyrinėjimų. Paskutinis Komisijos susirinkimo protokolas datuotas 1990 metų gegužės 30 diena. Komisija įtvirtino aukštus Latvijos knygos mokslo tyrimų standartus. Tyrimo darbų ir rengiamų publikacijų aptarimą būtų galima palyginti su pirminiu redagavimu. Tai leido tyrėjams patikslinti tyrimų metodologiją, publikacijų struktūrą, ištaisyti klaidas ir trūkumus. Komisijosveikla suteikė galimybę susipažinti su jau užbaigtų, bet dar nepublikuotų tyrimų rezultatais. Tai buvo ypač svarbu iš pradžių, kol periodinių leidinių sistema šioje srityje nebuvo išplėtota.THE COMMISSION OF BOOK HISTORY (1966−1990) AS THE LATVIAN BOOK SCIENCE PROMOTERJANA DREIMANE AbstractIn the article, the role of the Commission of Book History in the establishment and sustainable developmentof the Latvian book science is considered. The minutes of meetings and other materials of the Commission (they have been preserved in the National Library of Latvia) give evidence about the establishmentof the Commission in 1965, its tasks, chairmen and most active participants, its principles and trends of work, initiated academic activities, discussed research works and upcoming publications, as well as about the abolishment of the Commission in 1990. The article gives information on particular decisions of the Commission, which had a significant impact on the further research of Latvian book history.Key words: Latvian book science, history of Latvian book, Latvian book publishing, National Library of Latvia, Academic Library of the University of Latvia


Author(s):  
Ammar Saad Aldin

In the context of the decreasing intensity of the armed conflict, but still ongoing crisis in the Syrian Arab Republic (Syria), preservation of the historical and cultural monuments, including manuscript ones, is important for the country and its future. Al-Assad National Library of Syria has a leading role in the preservation of the documentary heritage of the country. The history of the emergence and development of the National Library of Syria has a number of political, cultural and social features. At present, Russian universities are updating the Arabic country studies. The author notes that the number of publications on the history and development of librarianship in Syria in the Russian professional press is insufficient, thus confirming the relevance of the present study. The fact that the National Library has survived despite the war is of great value to the Syrian people, the Arab world and the UNESCO World Heritage. The article considers the emergence, formation and development of the Al-Assad National Library of Syria. The author shows the revival of the first National library in the territory of Syria (Az-Zahiriya Library) during the Ottoman occupation and describes the historical and political situation that accompanied its appearance. The article highlights the main sources of the formation of Az-Zahiriya Library collections in the late nineteenth century. The author provides analytical information on the growth dynamics of its collections and considers the significant role of Az-Zahiriya National Library during the French mandate in Syria and after gaining independence. In the 1970s, strengthening processes of progressive socio-economic and cultural transformations led to the emergence of Al-Assad National Library, which became the new National library of Syria. The article analyses the main stages of creation of Al-Assad National Library and presents its main characteristics and challenges at present.


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.


2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A442-A442
Author(s):  
P TSIBOURIS ◽  
M HENDRICKSE ◽  
P ISAACS

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Hamdan ◽  
Nadine Melhem ◽  
Israel Orbach ◽  
Ilana Farbstein ◽  
Mohammad El-Haib ◽  
...  

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.


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