scholarly journals Short-term effects of fluctuations in self-esteem, perceived stress and loneliness in depressive states

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Lisa Di Blas ◽  
Matteo Borella ◽  
Donatella Ferrante
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Depressive States ◽  
Short Term Effects

Depression depends on risk factors such as loneliness, low self-esteem, and perceived stress when inter-individual differences are investigated in the long run. Depression, however, oscillates within-person over short-time periods as well, but there is a lack of evidence on its temporary correlates. The present study explored how transitory feelings of depression covariate with states of loneliness, stress, and self-esteem at the within-person level, further inspecting how inter-individual differences contribute to understanding intra-individual dynamics. Seventy-four adults (M = 33 years) took part in the study and reported on daily depression, stress, loneliness, and self-esteem for eight successive evenings. The main results showed that within-person fluctuations in depression depended on transient changes in loneliness, self-esteem, and stress, with stress further moderating the depression-self-esteem association; the link between depression and its predictors was reciprocal; inter-individual differences in depression instability across the assessment occasions enhanced the effect of transitory loneliness on feelings of depression. The present findings revealed that within-person associations for depression reflect correlation patterns between people, further highlighting how an individual’s instability in depressive states is relevant for understanding who is more vulnerable to transitory depressive states, which might develop into trait-like conditions over longer time periods.

scholarly journals Short term effects of energy restriction and dietary fat sub-type on weight loss and disease risk factors

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tapsell ◽  
M. Batterham ◽  
X.F. Huang ◽  
S.-Y. Tan ◽  
G. Teuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effects

scholarly journals Virtual Reality Relaxation for Patients With a Psychiatric Disorder: Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Veling ◽  
Bart Lestestuiver ◽  
Marieke Jongma ◽  
H J Rogier Hoenders ◽  
Catheleine van Driel
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relaxation Exercises ◽  
Short Term Effects

BACKGROUND Virtual reality (VR) relaxation is a promising mental health intervention that may be an effective tool for stress reduction but has hardly been tested in clinical trials with psychiatric patients. We developed an easy-to-use VR self-management relaxation tool (VRelax) with immersive 360° nature videos and interactive animated elements. OBJECTIVE To investigate the immediate effects of VR relaxation on negative and positive affective states and short-term effects on perceived stress and symptoms in patients with a psychiatric disorder, compared to standard relaxation exercises. METHODS A randomized crossover trial was conducted in 50 patients receiving ambulatory treatment for anxiety, psychotic, depressive, or bipolar disorder. Participants were randomly assigned to start with VRelax or standard relaxation and used both interventions for 10 days at home. They completed 8 visual analog scales of momentary negative and positive affective states before and after each session. Global perceived stress and psychiatric symptoms were measured before and after both intervention periods. Treatment effects were analyzed with multilevel mixed model regression analyses and 2-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Both VRelax and standard relaxation exercises led to a statistically significant immediate improvement of all negative and positive affective states. Compared to standard relaxation, VRelax resulted in a significantly greater reduction of total negative affective state (change 16.2% versus 21.2%; t<sub>1684</sub>=−2.02, 95% CI −18.70 to −0.28; <i>P</i>=.04). Specifically, VRelax had a stronger beneficial effect on momentary anxiety (t<sub>1684</sub>=−3.24, 95% CI −6.86 to −1.69), sadness (t<sub>1684</sub>=−2.32, 95% CI −6.51 to −0.55), and cheerfulness (t<sub>1684</sub>=2.35, 95% CI 0.51 to 5.75). There were no significant differences between short-term effects of the two treatments on global perceived stress and symptoms. CONCLUSIONS If the results of this trial are replicated and extended, VRelax may provide a much-needed, effective, easy-to-use self-management relaxation intervention to enhance psychiatric treatments. CLINICALTRIAL Netherlands Trial Register NTR7294; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7096

scholarly journals Short Term Effects of Gossip Behavior on Self-Esteem

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Cole ◽  
Hannah Scrivener
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effects

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Medicine Body Constitutions and Psychological Determinants of Depression among University Students in Malaysia: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5366
Author(s):  
Sin Yap ◽  
Chai Foo ◽  
Yang Lim ◽  
Foong Ng ◽  
Sherina Mohd-Sidik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
University Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitude ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Depression is commonly observed in university students, who are a high risk group for developing psychiatric disorders during adulthood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and its traditional Chinese medicine body constitutions and psychological determinants among university students in Malaysia. A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted between 9 and 28 September 2020 among 80 university students in Malaysia. Participants completed online survey questionnaires, including the validated Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CMCQ), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) stress subscale, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), which assess depression, body constitution, dysfunctional attitude, stress, perceived stress, and self-esteem. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the associated risk factors for depression. The overall prevalence of depression among university students was 33.8%. The multiple regression analysis showed a significant relationship between depression and qi-stagnation constitution (B = 0.089, p = 0.011), balanced constitution (B = −0.077, p = 0.049), and self-esteem (B = −0.325, p = 0.001). Our findings suggest that some traditional Chinese medicine body constitutions and self-esteem are significant risk factors affecting depression among university students. Identifying risk factors of depression is vital to aid in the early detection of depression among university students.

scholarly journals Personality, Self-Esteem, and Perceived Stress in Communal Residences Supporting Recovery

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Angela Reilly ◽  
Edward B. Stevens ◽  
Leonard A. Jason
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Recovery Homes ◽  
The Mean

The current study examined the relationships between a personality metatrait (Stability consisting of conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism), self-esteem, and stress in an adult population of individuals with substance use disorders living in recovery homes. Adults ( N = 229) residing in 42 residential recovery settings were interviewed as part of the first wave of a longitudinal study in three sites. Standard error of the mean analysis found significant effects for several demographic variables on Stability, and Stability was significantly related both directly and indirectly to stress. These findings suggest that individual differences at entry may influence recovery home effects and may be important to developing more effective aftercare systems.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Weight Loss on the Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Morbidly Obese Patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1256-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Busetto ◽  
Giuseppe Sergi ◽  
Giuliano Enzi ◽  
Gianni Segato ◽  
Francesco De Marchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effects

scholarly journals Virtual Reality Relaxation for Patients With a Psychiatric Disorder: Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/17233 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. e17233
Author(s):  
Wim Veling ◽  
Bart Lestestuiver ◽  
Marieke Jongma ◽  
H J Rogier Hoenders ◽  
Catheleine van Driel
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relaxation Exercises ◽  
Short Term Effects

Background Virtual reality (VR) relaxation is a promising mental health intervention that may be an effective tool for stress reduction but has hardly been tested in clinical trials with psychiatric patients. We developed an easy-to-use VR self-management relaxation tool (VRelax) with immersive 360° nature videos and interactive animated elements. Objective To investigate the immediate effects of VR relaxation on negative and positive affective states and short-term effects on perceived stress and symptoms in patients with a psychiatric disorder, compared to standard relaxation exercises. Methods A randomized crossover trial was conducted in 50 patients receiving ambulatory treatment for anxiety, psychotic, depressive, or bipolar disorder. Participants were randomly assigned to start with VRelax or standard relaxation and used both interventions for 10 days at home. They completed 8 visual analog scales of momentary negative and positive affective states before and after each session. Global perceived stress and psychiatric symptoms were measured before and after both intervention periods. Treatment effects were analyzed with multilevel mixed model regression analyses and 2-way analysis of variance. Results Both VRelax and standard relaxation exercises led to a statistically significant immediate improvement of all negative and positive affective states. Compared to standard relaxation, VRelax resulted in a significantly greater reduction of total negative affective state (change 16.2% versus 21.2%; t1684=−2.02, 95% CI −18.70 to −0.28; P=.04). Specifically, VRelax had a stronger beneficial effect on momentary anxiety (t1684=−3.24, 95% CI −6.86 to −1.69), sadness (t1684=−2.32, 95% CI −6.51 to −0.55), and cheerfulness (t1684=2.35, 95% CI 0.51 to 5.75). There were no significant differences between short-term effects of the two treatments on global perceived stress and symptoms. Conclusions If the results of this trial are replicated and extended, VRelax may provide a much-needed, effective, easy-to-use self-management relaxation intervention to enhance psychiatric treatments. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register NTR7294; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7096

The Integrated Cognitive Antisocial Potential (ICAP) Theory

2018 ◽  
pp. 172-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Farrington ◽  
Tara Renae McGee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

This chapter describes an empirical test of the integrated cognitive antisocial potential (ICAP) theory based on the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD), which is a prospective longitudinal survey of 411 South London males beginning at age 8 years. It describes the ICAP theory and its contrasting of between-individual differences in long-term antisocial potential and within-individual variations in short-term antisocial potential. The chapter then describes the CSDD, its research on two generations of males, and its measurement of comparable risk factors in the two generations. A new test of the development of long-term antisocial potential in the ICAP theory is then presented. This chapter concludes that predictions from the ICAP theory have generally been supported.

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