ЛЮБОВ ЯК СУБСТАНЦІЙНА ТА РУШІЙНА СИЛА РОЗВИТКУ ЛЮДИНИ/LOVE AS A SUBSTANCE AND THE DRIVING FORCE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Human development as a concept seeks to make individuals the driving force behind state development. Even though international organizations (IOs) are formal agreements by and for the benefit of member states and have historically prioritized states’ interests, it can still be argued that human beings have long been the central concern of many IOs, even for some of the oldest surviving ones today. Nowadays, the human development framework appears to serve as the principal intellectual and normative construct regarding how to achieve national economic growth while building broad social justice and opportunity for individuals. Its allure derives as much from its coherent philosophical critique of past empirical development failures as it does from its incorporation of values and ethics appealing to a broad spectrum of professionals working in the development community. The human development approach was in part necessitated by the monopolization of economic development by states even from the advent of the enterprise in the 1950s. But despite the widespread adoption of the human development framework as an operative concept in the practice of development, it is not without controversy. Most of the critique is directed toward the underlying premises of the capabilities approach and the elements its adherents must elucidate in order to effectively implement its tenets in policy.

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“Natural Work” as Self-capability

Dialogue and Universalism ◽

10.5840/du20203017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 105-117

Author(s):

Andrey I. Matsyna ◽

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Driving Force ◽

18Th Century ◽

Practical Philosophy ◽

Spiritual Values ◽

Objective World ◽

Related Space ◽

Creative Self ◽

Self Examination

A great wandering humanist philosopher, enlightener and outstanding poet Grigory Savvich Skovoroda’s work pertains to a difficult period in the life of the 18th century Eastern Ukraine. Against the background of growing injustice and evil, the decline of spiritual values, an authentic practical philosophy of individual opposition to a self-serving world steeped in vice was born. Skovoroda’s philosophy completely lacks the intention to consider proprietary interests as the driving force of human development. Its key principle of human development is self-examination within one’s own energy-activity-object-related space. The call for self-examination from the perspective of the authentic idea of “natural work” is revealed dynamically as the process of bringing the objective world into harmony with the nature of an individual. “Natural work” is a process of individual’s constant creative self-overcoming on the ascent to subject identity; total communion of man with the universal whole.

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ABOUT THE VALUE OF SPIRITUAL CULTURE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMANKIND

GLOBALISTICS-2020: GLOBAL ISSUES AND THE FUTURE OF HUMANKIND: COLLECTION OF ARTICLES OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS ◽

10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-159-168 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fuad Teyub oglu Mamedov

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Human Development ◽

International Cooperation ◽

Social System ◽

Driving Force ◽

Cultural Knowledge ◽

Cultural Education ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Spiritual Culture ◽

Political Decisions

The article reveals the fundamental importance of people's “spiritual” culture for sustainable development and the relevance of international cooperation in order to ensure global human security. The author emphasizes the importance of scientific understanding of culture as an integral social system and the expediency of using cultural methodology and expertise for making correct political decisions. The article describes the necessity of spreading universal cultural knowledge in society, additional cultural education and enlightenment for the formation of highly cultured people as the main driving force of human development.

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DEVELOP LEADERSHIP, MANAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE ORGANIZATION ON INTRA-SCHOOL STUDENT ORGANIZATION (OSIS)

ICCD ◽

10.33068/iccd.vol2.iss1.226 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 341-344

Author(s):

Harefan Arief ◽

Mochamad Soelton ◽

Fatchur Rohman ◽

Rajab Ritonga

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Community Service ◽

Driving Force ◽

Internal Environment ◽

Student Organization ◽

Leadership Management ◽

Student Council ◽

Service Activity ◽

And Performance ◽

Management And Leadership

Intra-School Student Organization (OSIS) is a means of developing students' interests and talents in the school's internal environment. The existence of the student council can be beneficial for schools and the community. OSIS is also a major component of the pioneering schoolfor developments in the school. The problem is that many student councils do not show their existence as a driving force in the development of schools and students. The student council vacuum is more due to the low understanding of management and leadership concepts, so that potential members cannot be managed properly. This community service activity is carried out by providing training and program assistance for 1 month. As a result of this activity is the increasing existence of OSIS in schools and is beneficial for students and the community as a forum for discussion in terms of increasing the existence of OSIS and contributing to human development.

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In situ TEM Studies of agglomeration of sub-nanometer Ru layers in Ru/C multilayers

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100121685 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 256-257

Author(s):

Tai D. Nguyen ◽

Ronald Gronsky ◽

Jeffrey B. Kortright

Keyword(s):

Layered Structure ◽

Driving Force ◽

High Energy ◽

Superior Performance ◽

In Situ Tem ◽

Rayleigh Instability ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Diffraction Patterns

Nanometer period Ru/C multilayers are one of the prime candidates for normal incident reflecting mirrors at wavelengths < 10 nm. Superior performance, which requires uniform layers and smooth interfaces, and high stability of the layered structure under thermal loadings are some of the demands in practical applications. Previous studies however show that the Ru layers in the 2 nm period Ru/C multilayer agglomerate upon moderate annealing, and the layered structure is no longer retained. This agglomeration and crystallization of the Ru layers upon annealing to form almost spherical crystallites is a result of the reduction of surface or interfacial energy from die amorphous high energy non-equilibrium state of the as-prepared sample dirough diffusive arrangements of the atoms. Proposed models for mechanism of thin film agglomeration include one analogous to Rayleigh instability, and grain boundary grooving in polycrystalline films. These models however are not necessarily appropriate to explain for the agglomeration in the sub-nanometer amorphous Ru layers in Ru/C multilayers. The Ru-C phase diagram shows a wide miscible gap, which indicates the preference of phase separation between these two materials and provides an additional driving force for agglomeration. In this paper, we study the evolution of the microstructures and layered structure via in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and attempt to determine the order of occurence of agglomeration and crystallization in the Ru layers by observing the diffraction patterns.

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The nucleation of cavities at grain boundaries

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100126299 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 288-291

Author(s):

P. J. Goodhew

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Surface Energy ◽

Grain Boundaries ◽

Radiation Damage ◽

Impurity Concentration ◽

Driving Force ◽

Nucleation And Growth ◽

Phase Boundaries ◽

Cavity Nucleation ◽

Spherical Bubble

Cavity nucleation and growth at grain and phase boundaries is of concern because it can lead to failure during creep and can lead to embrittlement as a result of radiation damage. Two major types of cavity are usually distinguished: The term bubble is applied to a cavity which contains gas at a pressure which is at least sufficient to support the surface tension (2g/r for a spherical bubble of radius r and surface energy g). The term void is generally applied to any cavity which contains less gas than this, but is not necessarily empty of gas. A void would therefore tend to shrink in the absence of any imposed driving force for growth, whereas a bubble would be stable or would tend to grow. It is widely considered that cavity nucleation always requires the presence of one or more gas atoms. However since it is extremely difficult to prepare experimental materials with a gas impurity concentration lower than their eventual cavity concentration there is little to be gained by debating this point.

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