scholarly journals Improved Mycology Media Formula of Corn and Cow’s Hair For Accelerate Superficial Mycosis Growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratih Dewi Dwiyanti ◽  
Leka Lutpiatina
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Media ◽  
Modified Media

Potato Dextrose Agar is growth and identification media of fungi that cause superficial mycoses, including Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes with 10–14 days growth period. Modification media is needed to accelerate the growth of the fungus. Zea mays saccharata has a high carbohydrate, and cow’s hair contains high keratin, which can be used as a nutrient to replace fungal growth media. The study aimed to obtain a modified media formula containing Zea mays saccharata as a substitute for dextrose and cow's hair as a source of keratin to accelerate the growth of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes fungi. The modified media formula is mixing of Zea mays saccharata 15% to 25%, and cow's hair 20mg to 35mg. Acceleration of growth time based of when found microconidia and macroconidia, diameter measurements, and observations of texture and colonies color of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The study results are Zea mays saccharata media with the addition of cow hair for Trichophyton rubrum grew 11 days with 10%+20mg formula and grew only seven days with 25%+35mg formula. Modified media for Trichophyton mentagrophytes grew seven days for 10%+20mg formula, while it was only three days with 25%+35mg formula. The media formula with the fastest growth rate for Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was at a concentration of 25%+35mg. The Advanced Modified Media can become a patent medium for faster growth of superficial fungi at a lower cost. Further research needs to be done on how long this media can be stored for long-term use.

scholarly journals Polyhydroxyalkanoate/Antifungal Polyene Formulations with Monomeric Hydroxyalkanoic Acids for Improved Antifungal Efficiency

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Marina Pekmezovic ◽  
Melina Kalagasidis Krusic ◽  
Ivana Malagurski ◽  
Jelena Milovanovic ◽  
Karolina Stępień ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Medium Chain Length ◽  
Gold Drugs ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Transdermal Application ◽  
Antifungal Efficiency

Novel biodegradable and biocompatible formulations of “old” but “gold” drugs such as nystatin (Nys) and amphotericin B (AmB) were made using a biopolymer as a matrix. Medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA) were used to formulate both polyenes (Nys and AmB) in the form of films (~50 µm). Thermal properties and stability of the materials were not significantly altered by the incorporation of polyenes in mcl-PHA, but polyene containing materials were more hydrophobic. These formulations were tested in vitro against a panel of pathogenic fungi and for antibiofilm properties. The films containing 0.1 to 2 weight % polyenes showed good activity and sustained polyene release for up to 4 days. A PHA monomer, namely 3-hydroxydecanoic acid (C10-OH), was added to the films to achieve an enhanced synergistic effect with polyenes against fungal growth. Mcl-PHA based polyene formulations showed excellent growth inhibitory activity against both Candida yeasts (C. albicans ATCC 1023, C. albicans SC5314 (ATCC MYA-2876), C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019) and filamentous fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073; Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533, Microsporum gypseum ATCC 24102). All antifungal PHA film preparations prevented the formation of a C. albicans biofilm, while they were not efficient in eradication of mature biofilms, rendering them suitable for the transdermal application or as coatings of implants.

scholarly journals Antifungal Agents: Design, Synthesis, Antifungal Activity and Molecular Docking of Phloroglucinol Derivatives

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxing Teng ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Jinhua Gu ◽  
Peiqi Shi ◽  
Zhibin Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Protein Binding ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Protein Binding Site ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Phloroglucinol Derivatives

Pseudoaspidinol is a phloroglucinol derivative with Antifungal activity and is a major active component of Dryopteris fragrans. In our previous work, we studied the total synthesis of pseudoaspidinol belonging to a phloroglucinol derivative and investigated its antifungal activity as well as its intermediates. However, the results showed these compounds have low antifungal activity. In this study, in order to increase antifungal activities of phloroglucinol derivatives, we introduced antifungal pharmacophore allylamine into the methylphloroglucinol. Meanwhile, we remained C1–C4 acyl group in C-6 position of methylphloroglucinol using pseudoaspidinol as the lead compound to obtain novel phloroglucinol derivatives, synthesized 17 compounds, and evaluated antifungal activities on Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in vitro. Molecular docking verified their ability to combine the protein binding site. The results indicated that most of the compounds had strong antifungal activity, in which compound 17 were found to be the most active on Trichophyton rubrum with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 3.05 μg/mL and of Trichophyton mentagrophytes with MIC of 5.13 μg/mL. Docking results showed that compounds had a nice combination with the protein binding site. These researches could lay the foundation for developing antifungal agents of clinical value.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity and mechanism of heat-transformed ginsenosides from notoginseng against Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 10939-10946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xue ◽  
Xiushi Yang ◽  
Xiaoyan Sun ◽  
Guixing Ren
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Heat Transformation

The improved antifungal activity of notoginseng can be attributed to the formation of less polar ginsenosides by heat transformation.

scholarly journals Media, Culture and Indigenous Languages in Pakistan: A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol V (IV) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Irem Sultana ◽  
Malik Adnan ◽  
Muhammad Imran Mehsud
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Media Culture ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Media ◽  
Depth Interviews

This research paper inspected the role of Pakistani media to protect indigenous languages and culture in Pakistan. The study examined the situation; if Pakistani media outpours concern with the native languages or not. The article also checked the media landscape, its language-wise segregation and scenario of literacy in different areas of the country. The outcomes of the study showed that Pakistani media is neglecting the indigenous languages. The study results exhibited clearly that media houses’ focus on protecting native languages, is not profound. The findings also showed that foreign ownership of Media houses plays a role in neglecting indigenous language promotions. The current study presented that Pakistani mainstream media is damaging the local and native languages. The study was the outcome of qualitative content analysis and in-depth interviews of senior communication experts.

scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH DOMESTIK RUMAH MAKAN DENGAN PROSES MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR (MBBR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aulia Ulfah Farahdiba ◽  
Yayok Suryo Purnomo ◽  
Satria Nugraha Sakti ◽  
Muhammad Firdaus Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Volume

Semakin banyaknya usaha rumah makan, maka air limbah yang dihasilkan akan bertambah dan akan menjadi suatu permasalahan. Pada proses pengolahan limbah khususnya yang mengandung senyawa organik, salah satu teknologi yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan proses Moving Bed Bioflm Reactor (MBBR). Pada prinsipnya, MBBR merupakan proses lumpur aktif yang ditingkatkan dengan menambahkan media (carrier) ke dalam reaktor aerasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penurunan zat organik COD dan TSS dengan menggunakan proses MBBR pada limbah domestik rumah makan. Pada penelitian ini media yang digunakan adalah media kaldness 1 (K1) dengan variasi volume media yaitu tanpa media, 15%, 30%, 45%, dan 60%, serta variasi debit aliran air limbah yang akan masuk ke dalam reaktor MBBR sebesar 15 ml/menit, 30 ml/menit, 45 ml/menit, 60 ml/menit, dan 75 ml/menit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kemampuan penyisihan beban pencemar COD dari limbah air domestik rumah makan oleh reaktor MBBR dengan volume media 60% dan debit 15 ml/menit sangat efektif. Reaktor ini mampu menurunkan nilai COD hingga 97,73% dan untuk TSS hanya sebesar 63,04% karena pada penelitian ini tidak menggunakan bak pengendap akhir sehingga nilai penyisihan TSS tidak terlalu besar.  Kata kunci:  COD, kaldness 1, moving bed bioflm reactor, TSS The more business restaurant, wastewater will be produced. In the processing of wastewater which contains an organic compound the most technology that is used is microorganisms or biological process by using Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR). In principle, MBBR is a process of activated sludge is improved by adding carrier into aeration reactor. This study aims to analyze the decrease in organic matter COD and TSS by using the MBBR process in restaurant domestic wastewater. The media that is used in this study is Kaldnes 1 (K1) with variation media volume that is without media, 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%, and then the flow variation of wastewater discharge that will enter into MBBR reactor 75 ml/minute, 60 ml/minute, 45 ml/minute, 30 ml/minute, and 15 ml/minute. The results of this study results that the ability to set aside COD waste from restaurant domestic waste by MBBR with media volume 60% with 15 ml/minute debit more effective. This reactor able to increase COD till 97,73% and for TSS just 63,04% in this study do not use water tank so the TSS value is not too big. Keywords: COD, kaldness 1, moving bed bioflm reactor, TSS

scholarly journals Frecuencia de dermatomicosis y factores asociados en población vulnerable de la ciudad de Manizales. Colombia. 2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Gloria Ines Estrada Salazar ◽  
José A. Chacón-Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Cutaneous Mycosis

Resumen:Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de las dermatomicosis en personas de diferentes instituciones de atención social en la ciudad de Manizales durante el año 2011. Método: Mediante la toma de muestras de los sitios que presentaban algún tipo de lesión sospechosa de ser una micosis cutánea, se hizo un análisis directo con KOH y cultivo en medios de Saboureaud y Mycosel. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de información para establecer  factores asociados con la presencia de estos microorganismos.Resultados: Los hongos levaduriformes encontrados con mayor frecuencia fueron: Candida albicans, Trichosporon sp, y los mohos saprofitos Penicillium sp, fusarium sp; seguido de hongos dermatofitos como: Trichophyton mentagrophites, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum y Microsporum gypseum. Las lesiones secas y descamativas se encontraron con mayor frecuencia. El compartir baños y vivir en hacinamiento y el uso de elementos comunes fueron los factores asociados más importantes en este estudio.Conclusiones. Las dermatomicosis son frecuentes en poblaciones vulnerables y se asocian a diferentes factores muy similares a los encontrados en otros estudios de igual naturaleza.    Palabras clave: dermatomicosis, onicomicosis, jóvenes, ancianos, factores asociados. Summary:Objective: To determine the frequency of ringworm in people of different social care institutions in the city of Manizales in 2011.Method: Using the sampling sites that had some kind of suspicious lesion from a cutaneous mycosis, direct analysis with KOH and culture media was Saboureaud and Mycosel. An instrument of data collection was used to establish factors associated with the presence of these microorganisms.Results: The yeast found most frequently were: Candida albicans, Trichosporon sp and Penicillium molds saprophytes sp, Fusarium sp, followed by dermatophyte fungi such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum gypseum. Dry scaly lesions were found more frequently. The shared bathrooms and living in overcrowded and the use of common elements were the most important in this study associated factors.Conclusions: Dermatomycoses are common in vulnerable populations and are associated with different very similar to those found in other studies of the same nature factors. Keywords: ringworm, onychomycosis, young, old, associated factors.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability of Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes on Some Yield and Yield Components at Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1840-1845
Author(s):  
Mekuannet Belay Kebede ◽  
Degefa Gebissa
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Almost All

Genetic improvement in components of economic importance along with maintaining a sufficient amount of variability is always the desired objective in the any maize (Zea mays L.) breeding program which will be handled under the conditions of Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia. Therefore, an experiment was conducted using (27) and (3) check/control varieties to determine the genetic variability of maize genotypes at Haramaya, eastern Ethiopia. The study results revealed that significantly the tallest plant heights for (PH) were recorded from (3) (170 cm) and (18) (167.5 cm) genotypes whereas the shortest PH were recorded from (13) (117.5 cm) and (23) genotypes (120 cm). Good plant aspects (PA) were obtained from genotype 12, 22 and 26 (PA-1.5) and poor PA were attained from genotype 1 (PA-2.5). Besides, genetic and phenotypic variances were estimated for seven components. The highest genotypic coefficients variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were calculated from grain yield (GY – 23.39%). Comparatively the higher GY were attained from the genotypes of 3, 9 and 12. It can be concluded that almost all components of the PCV are greater than the GCV. Superior selected genotypes are recommended to the researchers /breeders to develop disease resistant and high yielder varieties to increase maize production by farmers under Haramaya and other similar agroecologies.

scholarly journals Uji Isolat Bakteri Azotobacter Asal Kebun Lidah Buaya dengan Pupuk Urea terhadap Serapan Nitrogen pada Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine Max L.) di Tanah Gambut

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Nandung Erlanda ◽  
Feira B. Arief ◽  
Ismahan Umran ◽  
Sutarman Gafur ◽  
Denah Suswati
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Media ◽  
Soybean Plants

Azotobacter nitrogen-fixing bacteria and urea fertilizer to reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers. These bacteria can play a role in increasing nitrogen uptake and further growth of soybean plants. This study aimed to obtain growth media for Azotobacter and increase plant and root growth and nitrogen uptake of Biosoy soybean varieties. The research was conducted to help the uptake of n in the soil and reduce the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The first experiment was carried out by growing bacteria on the media for 120 hours. The second experiment was designed in a completely randomized design that tested two treatments with additional use of urea fertilizer and Azotobacter and no Azotobacter. The results showed that there was no effect of giving Azotobacter from aloe vera gardens, and urea fertilizer showed a significant effect on the observed variables of soil pH in soybean plants on peat soil. In contrast, the variables observed were population, plant height, N content, N-total, plant dry weight, dry weight of plant roots, and N span of soybean plants had no significant effect.

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