Effect of Volume and Renewal of the Storage Media on the Release of Monomer from Dental Composites

This study evaluated the effect of the volume and renewing of storage media on monomer leachability from dental composite. Samples of two dental composites (BEAUTIFIL II Gingiva (BG) and Filtek Bulk-Fill Flowable (FBF)) were stored after polymerization in 1 and 3 milt storage media (ethanol/water 75%) for seven days. Refreshing of storage media was done in half of the samples of each group. The amounts of releasing monomers (UDMA, BisGMA, TEGDMA) in storage media were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA and t-test (α = 0.05). Elution of TEGDMA and UDMA from both composites was significantly higher in 3 mL storage media. In groups with refreshing of storage media, BisGMA had higher amounts of release. Saturation makes the storage media volume important factor in monomer elution. Refreshing of storage media had significant effect on monomer release before the elution of 50% of total released monomer.

A Modified Technique of Bipolar Loop Resectoscopic Slicing for Treating Submucous Fibroids With Enucleation Makes the Operation Safer

Background: In this study, a modified technique of resectoscopic slicing with a common bipolar loop was introduced, which facilitated the complete removal of the submucous fibroid inside the uterine cavity without any novel equipment.Results: Compared with the classical technique, our modified procedure possessed a shorter operation time (22.9 ± 7.3 vs. 38.9 ± 13.0 min, p < 0.05) and a smaller distending media volume (1,495.6 ± 540.1 vs. 2,393.1 ± 719.4 ml, p < 0.01).Conclusion: As a result, the current study suggested that the enucleation of submucous fibroid under hysteroscopy could be achieved by using only the bipolar loop, which reduced the consumption for novel equipment and enhanced the safety of the technique.

Augmenting Whole Recombinant Antibody Production in HEK293E Cells: Optimizing Transfection and Culture Parameters

Optimizing recombinant antibody production is important for cost-effective therapeutics and diagnostics. With downstream impact on commercialization, higher productivity is highly sought after beyond laboratory scales, where efficient production can also accelerate antibody characterizations and investigations. Using HEK293E cells as the base model for mammalian antibody production, various transfection and culture parameters were systematically analyzed using antibody light chain production before applying them onto whole antibody production. Transfection parameters investigated include seeding cell density, the concentration of the transfection reagent and DNA, complexation time, temperature, and volume, as well as culture parameters such as media replacement, serum deprivation, media volume, post-transfection harvest, incubation temperature, and common nutrient supplements. Incorporating the most optimized parameters, Pertuzumab κ-chain only and whole recombinant Pertuzumab antibody production were found to increase by 452 % and 252 % respectively, that can be used to guide future cost-effective transient antibody production with the potential for further scaling up.

Respon Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) Pada Beberapa Media Tumbuh Organik

AbstrakMedia tanam adalah bagian dari faktor penting untuk menentukan perkembangan dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Kualitasnya sangat menentukan produktivitas tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh kombinasi beberapa material organik, yaitu arang sekam, kompos, dan rabuk kandang buangan kambing sebagai media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy dan menentukan kombinasi material organik terbaik. Pelaksanaan penelitian berada di Green House Universitas Nusa Bangsa, Bogor. Waktu penelitian di bulan April sampai dengan Juni 2020. Metode pada kajian menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimental, dengan tujuh perlakuan yang dirancang secara acak lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah: 1) P0: tanah (kontrol), 2) P1: tanah dan kompos perbandingan volume 1:1, 3) P2: tanah dan arang kulit padi perbandingan volume 1:1, 4) P3: tanah dan rabuk kandang kotoran kambing perpaduan isi 1:1, 5) P4: tanah, kompos dan arang kulit padi dengan perpaduan volume 1:1:1, 6) P5: tanah, humus, dan rabuk kandang kotoran kambing perbandingan volume 1:1:1, dan 7) P6: tanah, kompos, arang kulit padi dan rabuk kandang kotoran kambing volume perpaduan 1:1:1:1. Percobaan diulang 3 kali untuk setiap unit. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi material organik memberikan respon berbeda terhadap kemajuan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Pola pertumbuhan (tinggi tanaman dan kuantitas daun) pada P3, P5 dan P6 sama. Perlakuan terbaik adalah P5 (kombinasi tanah, humus, rabuk kandang kotoran kambing dengan pepaduan volume media 1 : 1 : 1 (P5) yang sama nyata dengan perlakuan P3 dan P6. AbstractPlanting media is part of the important factors to determine the development and growth of plants. The quality will determine the productivity of the plant. This study aims to examine the effect of a combination of several organic materials, namely husk charcoal, compost, and goat manure as a planting medium on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants and determine the best combination of organic materials. The research was conducted at the Green House of Nusa Bangsa University, Bogor. The time of the study was from April to June 2020. The method in this study used an experimental research method, with seven treatments designed at completely randomized (CRD). The treatments were: 1) P0: soil (control), 2) P1: soil and compost volume ratio 1:1, 3) P2: soil and rice husk charcoal volume ratio 1:1, 4) P3: soil and manure goat manure a mixture of 1:1 content, 5) P4: soil, compost and rice bran charcoal with a volume combination of 1:1:1, 6) P5: soil, humus, and goat manure ratio 1:1:1, 7) P6: soil, compost, rice husk charcoal and goat manure manure mixed volume 1:1:1:1. The experiment was repeated 3 times for each unit. The results of the study showed that the combination of organic materials gave different responses to the progress and yield of pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). The growth pattern (plant height and leaf quantity) at P3, P5 and P6 were the same. The best treatment was P5 (a combination of soil, humus, goat manure manure with a mix of 1:1:1 (P5) media volume which was as significant as P3 and P6 treatments.

PENGOLAHAN LINDI (LEACHATE) MENGGUNAKAN MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR (MBBR) DENGAN PROSES OXIC-ANOXIC

Lindi (leachate) merupakan salah satu limbah yang berbahaya apabila dibuang langsung ke badan air dan tidak dilakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Pengolahan biologis, seperti Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR). MBBR merupakan pengolahan yang menggunakan media sebagai tempat melekatnya mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan reaktor MBBR dengan menggunakan proses oxic-anoxic dalam menurunkan parameter COD, BOD, NH3-N. Variasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ada tiga yaitu, variasi media, volume media, dan waktu tinggal. Media yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kaldnes K5 dan spons (biocube) dengan volume 25%, 35%, dan 45%. Waktu tinggal yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 6 jam (oxic 4 jam – anoxic 2 jam), 8 jam (oxic 5 jam – anoxic 3 jam), 11 jam (oxic 7 jam – anoxic 4 jam), 17 jam (oxic 10 jam – anoxic 7 jam), dan 33 jam (oxic 20 jam – anoxic 13 jam). Hasil yang paling optimum pada waktu tinggal 33 jam (oxic 20 jam – anoxic 13 jam) menggunakan media spons (biocube) dengan volume 45% dengan hasil yang didapat untuk COD sebesar 85%, BOD sebesar 90%, dan NH3-N sebesar 84%.

Density Dependence Influences the Efficacy of Wastewater Remediation by Lemna minor

As part of a circular economy (CE) approach to food production systems, Lemnaceae, i.e., duckweed species, can be used to remediate wastewater due to rapid nutrient assimilation and tolerance of non-optimal growing conditions. Further, given rapid growth rates and high protein content, duckweed species are a valuable biomass. An important consideration for duckweed-mediated remediation is the density at which the plants grow on the surface of the wastewater, i.e., how much of the surface of the medium they cover. Higher duckweed density is known to have a negative effect on duckweed growth, which has implications for the development of duckweed-based remediation systems. In the present study, the effects of density (10–80% plant surface coverage) on Lemna minor growth, chlorophyll fluorescence and nutrient remediation of synthetic dairy processing wastewater were assessed in stationary (100 mL) and re-circulating non-axenic (11.7 L) remediation systems. Overall, L. minor growth, and TN and TP removal rates decreased as density increased. However, in the stationary system, absolute TN and TP removal were greater at higher densities (50–80% coverage). The exact cause of density related growth reduction in duckweed is unclear, especially at densities well below 100% surface coverage. A further experiment comparing duckweed grown at ‘low’ and ‘high’ density conditions with the same biomass and media volume conditions, showed that photosynthetic yield, Y(II), is reduced at high density despite the same nutrient availability at both densities, and arguably similar shading. The results demonstrate a negative effect of high density on duckweed growth and nutrient uptake, and point towards signals from neighbouring duckweed colonies as the possible cause.