Dynamics of Cultural Value of Non-Pastoral Activities among the Daasanach in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-225
Author(s):  
Toru Sagawa
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Livelihood Diversification ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Background Contribution ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Economic Necessity

Many studies have focused on livelihood diversification among pastoral people in East Africa. The central theme of research on livelihood diversification is to clarify the economic background, contribution and consequences of non-pastoral activities for each household. However, pastoralists diversify their livelihoods not only out of economic necessity, but also by considering the cultural value and social relations, and the diversification process itself might change the value and relations. In this paper, by analysing various economic and socio-cultural contexts, including the opening of commercial farms, I examine how Daasanach youth legitimise their choice to enter into fishing activities that have negative connotations in their cultural value, and how other people view their choice.

‘Like Shakespeare it's a Good Thing’: Cultural Value in the Classroom

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
Sara Bragg
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Multiple Value

Questions of cultural value, aesthetics and evaluative judgments have vexed media education since its inception. Whilst they continue to count heavily both in teachers' conceptions of the work they do, and in students' responses to it, they have become increasingly problematic in contemporary society. The diverse environments of contemporary schools and the capacity of new media technologies to foster different taste communities have contributed to the dispersal of cultural authority and undermined traditional judgments. This article addresses how we might approach cultural value through a case study approach, exploring multiple value judgments deployed by teachers and students in post-16 classroom practice. It shows how current pedagogical thinking about cultural value does not take into account the complexity of classroom life, particularly its social relations and young people's awareness of the valorised identities and ‘supervisory discourses’ that circulate there. It explores specific educational practices that might make it possible for students to enter into debates about value, taste and preference.

The Ancient Goddess, the Biblical Scholar, and the Religious Past

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Stavrakopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Female Body ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Biblical Scholar ◽  
Scholarly Discourse

This discussion interrogates the ways in which the confessional, cultural, and ideological heritages of biblical studies have shaped and disfigured the scholarly analysis of ancient West Asian goddesses. Once dismissed as ‘deviant’ or ‘demoralizing’ elements of ‘nature religions’, goddesses have been (relatively) rehabilitated within biblical scholarship. But this article argues that problematic ideologies continue to underlie and frame scholarly discourse. In particular, the essay critiques the freighted interpretations of literary and iconographic portrayals of deities including Asherah and Anat, and challenges the essentializing, reductive tendencies of scholarship dealing with issues of gender, corporeality, and personhood. It is argued that the socio-cultural contexts of biblical scholarship directly index contemporary forms of Western androcentrism, heteronormativity, and constructs of gender, so that scholarly debates about goddesses and the ‘female’ body continue to limit, distort, and cheapen the assumed socio-religious and cultural value of divine women in their ancient contexts.

Traditional Contracts in German East Africa: The Transition from Pre-Capitalist Forms

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lyall
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
German East Africa ◽  
Phd Thesis

The material which forms the subject matter of this article constituted a chapter of a PhD thesis presented to London University in 1980. The thesis was based largely on the answers to Kohler's questionnaire which was distributed by the German colonial authorities throughout what was then German East Africa in 1909. A recent article in theJournal of African Lawdescribes these questionnaires in detail. Bibliographical references in the following text to the answers to the questionnaires follow the numbers assigned to them by Ankermann (1929) and used in the list in Redmayne and Rogers' article. Some answers were published at the time and these are referred to in the same way as normal bibliographical entries Some use has also been made of Post's earlier questionnaire which, together with the answers, was published under the editorship of Steinmetz (1903). Post's questionnaire was written in 1895 and distributed throughout the German colonies. The thesis dealt with land tenure and contract and so covered the field of the answers in the questionnaires dealing with those topics. It also set out a typology of African societies at the time the questionnaires were distributed, based on what could be discovered of their economic and social relations. As it turned out this typology proved rather more useful in establishing connections between economic relations and forms of land tenure than it was in establishing connections with such relations and contractual liability.

Social Relations as Contexts for Learning in School

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Teaching Styles ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
School Systems ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
What Works ◽  
Teachers And Students

Questions concerning what works in classrooms have been asked many times. The answers so far have not resulted in any substantial educational changes, and our school systems continue to be in considerable disarray. In this article, R. P. Mc-Dermott emphasizes the importance of understanding the way relations between teachers and children affect the development of learning environments and examines how classroom interaction may promote or retard learning. He describes how teaching styles depend on cultural contexts and examines successful and unsuccessful classrooms with examples from a variety of school systems, including Amish and inner-city American. McDermott suggests that the ethnographic study of classrooms will allow us to look carefully at learning in terms of how teachers and students "make sense" of each other and hold each other accountable, given the resources and limits of their community.

scholarly journals CONSTRUCTION OF CULTURAL IDENTITY OF VAQUEIRO IN ‘O SERTANEJO’ [THE BACKLANDS] OF JOSÉ DE ALENCAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
Lucas Andrade de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Jose De Alencar

The representation of sertanejo man in literature is presented through traditions, values and beliefs constructed in that space, in this process we have vaqueiro as a genuine "sertanejo", because it allows interiorization of northeast, appearing the sertão. Therefore, this article aims to identify how cultural identity of vaqueiro is constructed in regionalist project of Alencariano. In the discussion it used as theoretical contributions about socio-historical context of vaqueiro and the vaquejada in Cascudo (2008) and Magalhães (1970), identity culture in Hall (2006), culture and popular culture in Ayala & Ayala (1987), Santos (1992), Bosi (1992) and Bauman (2001) and sertanist literature in Sodré (1964) and Bosi (1994). The corpus of research is literary work 'O sertanejo' [The Backlands] (1875) by José de Alencar. The results showed construction of cultural identity of vaqueiro in Alencarian literature has physical, socio-affective and symbolic elements are marks of identity of vaqueiro and can be resignified, adapting to new social relations and cultural contexts.

scholarly journals Changes in Livelihood and Caste Relations in Udipur

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Class Consciousness ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Livelihood Diversification ◽  
Wage Labor ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Bases Of Power ◽  
Livelihood Options ◽  
The Relationship

There have been changes in the economic and social relations in Nepal. The market has been providing opportunities for choosing livelihood options. Livelihood diversification, particularly non-farm, appears to be growing in extent and importance in recent years. Although local wage labor has increased in farm sector, agriculture is not a path out of poverty. The relationship between caste and hereditary occupations has been less significant and there has occurred a significant shift in the bases of power. There is an increase in class consciousness and a decrease in caste consciousness; wealth is replacing birth as the basis of social power and prestige. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v6i0.10690   Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.6 2014: 86-102

scholarly journals Third Parties in Home-School Connections: Learning from Conversations with Nondominant Families Crossing Cultures

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-61
Author(s):  
Elena Lyutykh ◽  
Martha J Strickland ◽  
Lyn Fasoli ◽  
Beatrice Adera
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Home School ◽  
Alternative Conceptions ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
School Settings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Home And School

Guided by a networked model of Ecological Systems Theory, this qualitative study listened to nondominant families who had crossed cultures and sent children to schools in cultural contexts different from those of the parents’ upbringing. Researchers looked at the mesosystemic interactions between the microsystems of the family and the microsystems of the school through the eyes of the families in order to capture “third parties” and common patterns of social relations and interactions that families engaged in around school. Families insisted on keeping home and school settings separate and revealed complex social networks that mediated families’ thinking about school and motivated alternative conceptions of their involvement in their children’s education. Implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring Language; Some Specificities, Complexities and Limitations in Human Communication and Social Interaction in Multi-cultural Contexts

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelechi Chijioke Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Language Difference ◽  
The Subject

This paper explores the subject matter of human language as a social phenomenon in a multi-cultural and multi-ethnic society like Nigeria. The paper situates language as a complex social phenomenon which pervades every aspect of human life. It identifies the role of language in intrapersonal and interpersonal communication, and the complexities involved in every communicative event that must not be taken for granted. Furthermore, it identifies the functions and limitations of language, including its negative functions as viewed from Critical theory. The paper affirms that language is a central phenomenon in human cognitive development, internal conceptualization of thoughts and ideas, the external expression and sharing of thoughts, the perception and representation of social reality, the transmission of culture, and the maintenance of social relations. The paper further notes that language difference can be a source of social dysfunction in multi-lingual and multi-cultural societies like Nigeria.

3. The geography of diversification

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Mark V. Lomolino
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Animal Life ◽  
Adaptive Radiations ◽  
Rift Valley Lakes

“The geography of diversification” returns to a central theme of biogeography—that place matters, and that each region, down to an island or lake, can be an evolutionary arena, producing its own distinct plant and animal life. Case studies from the Hawaiian Islands, Madagascar, and the Rift Valley Lakes of East Africa illustrate the phenomenon of adaptive radiation, the process by which organisms diversify from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms. This diversification is driven by the combined effects of biogeographic processes, geographic dimensions such as area and isolation, and ecological interactions among the species. Why are the adaptive radiations of some lineages so much greater than others?

scholarly journals Rekonstruksi Pemikiran Sajogyo Tentang Kemiskinan dalam Perspektif Agraria Kritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Amir Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Livelihood Diversification ◽  
Contextual Data

Abstract: This article analyses the emergence of Sajogyo's thinking about poverty, and poverty in a critical agrarian perspective under the dominances of poverty knowledge officially and agricultural development. The study carried out through combination of textual and contextual data analysis. The results of the study shows that based on his sensitivity to agrarian background and framework, Sajogyo argues that poverty is formed by social relations inequality in the process of socio-historical and geographical area construction. The concepts/terms that used by Sajogyo regarding poverty and agrarian are not neutral but partially or entirely contains an analysis of critical agrarian perspective formation in accordance with the context. The poverty line and livelihood diversification are two simple concepts to exemplify poverty as a consequence of chronic agrarian problems in agricultural developmentKeyword: Sajogyo, critical agrarian perspectives of poverty, inequality of social relationIntisari: Tulisan ini mengkaji munculnya pemikiran Sajogyo tentang kemiskinan, dan kemiskinan dalam perspektif agraria kritis di tengah dominasi pengetahuan kemiskinan secara resmi dan pembangunan pertanian. Kajian ini mengkombinasikan analisis data secara tekstual dan kontekstual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa dengan sensitivitas pada latar dan kerangka keagrariaan, Sajogyo berargumen bahwa kemiskinan dibentuk oleh ketimpangan relasi sosial dalam proses konstruksi sosio-historis dan wilayah geografis. Konsep/istilah yang digunakan oleh Sajogyo terkait kemiskinan dan agraria tidak bersifat netral tapi sebagian atau keseluruhan memuat analisis formasi perspektif agraria kritis sesuai dengan konteksnya. Garis kemiskinan dan nafkah ganda merupakan dua konsep sederhana untuk menunjukkan kemiskinan sebagai konsekuensi dari persoalan agraria yang kronis dalam pembangunan pertanian.Kata kunci: Sajogyo, kemiskinan perspektif agraria kritis, relasi sosial yang timpang

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