scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF NUTRITION COMPOSITIONS ON MICROCLONAL PROPAGATION DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF THE WALNUT JUGLANS REGIA L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (383) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
T. K. Yegizbayeva ◽  
T. V. Yausheva ◽  
S. N. Oleichenko ◽  
R. J. Licea-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Quality Material

Walnut is one of the most common nuts in many countries of the world. It is used in cooking and in traditional medicine. Walnut cultivation on an industrial scale in Kazakhstan began only in 2016-2017, so Kazakhstan scientists in this field do not yet have any scientific experience. The article presents the results of studies on the influence of the nutrient medium compositions Murashige-Skoog and Driver-Kunzhuki on the microclonal propagation of different genotypes of the walnut Juglans regia L. Two varieties were selected as mother plants: the Uzbek variety Ideal and the Chinese variety Liaohe-1, adapted in the southeast Kazakhstan. In the course of work, we compared the growth rate of walnut shoots of two varieties on nutrient media Murasige-Skoog (MS) and Driver-Kunzhuki (DKW) with a concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) of 1 and 1.5 mg / l. After a month of cultivation of shoots, positive growth dynamics was observed only on MS medium. On plants of both varieties, the growth rate was slow on DKW medium, the plants had yellow leaves, some shoots blackened and perished. To obtain high-quality material, as well as to increase the growth rate of shoots, DKW medium was supplemented with FeEDDHA (119 mg / L) and phloroglucinol (50 mg / L). As a result of phenological observations: the height of the main shoot, the number of internodes, the formation of additional shoots, and the state of the plants, it was found that the best nutrient medium for microclonal propagation of walnut Ideal and Liaohe-1 is a modified DKW medium. MS can only be used at the initial stage - an introduction to in vitro culture.

In vitro scaling of Tagetes patula L. root culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-259
Author(s):  
L. P. Khlebova ◽  
E. S. Brovko
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

The features of the in vitro accumulation of biomass of Tagetes patula L. root culture in the process ofscaling under laboratory conditions in different volumes of the nutrient medium and culture vessels were studied. It wasrevealed that the growth pattern of the hairy roots line and its morphology depend on the volume of the incubation vessel.The pattern of increasing the growth rate and lengthening of the growth cycle of the culture in larger flasks (up to 500 ml)was established.

scholarly journals Comparative activity of Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin as a function of bacterial growth rate probed by Escherichia coli chromosome replication in the mouse peritonitis model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Schei Haugan ◽  
Anders Løbner-Olesen ◽  
Niels Frimodt-Møller
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Chromosome Replication ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Growth Rate ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractCommonly used antibiotics exert their effect predominantly on rapidly growing bacterial cells, yet growth dynamics taking place during infection in a complex host environment remain largely unknown. Hence, means to measure in situ bacterial growth rate is essential to predict the outcome of antibacterial treatment. We have recently validated chromosome replication as readout for in situ bacterial growth rate during Escherichia coli infection in the mouse peritonitis model. By the use of two complementary methods (qPCR and fluorescence microscopy) for differential genome origin and terminus copy number quantification, we demonstrated the ability to track bacterial growth rate, both on a population average and on a single-cell level; from one single biological specimen. Here, we asked whether the in situ growth rate could predict antibiotic treatment effect during infection in the same model. Parallel in vitro growth experiments were conducted as proof-of-concept. Our data demonstrate that the activity of commonly used antibiotics Ceftriaxone and Gentamicin correlated with pre-treatment bacterial growth rate; both drugs performing better during rapid growth than during slow growth. Conversely, Ciprofloxacin was less sensitive to bacterial growth rate, both in a homogenous in vitro bacterial population and in a more heterogeneous in vivo bacterial population. The method serves as a platform to test any antibiotic’s dependency upon active in situ bacterial growth. Improved insight into this relationship in vivo could ultimately prove helpful in evaluating future antibacterial strategies.ImportanceMost antibiotics in clinical use exert their effect predominantly on rapidly growing bacterial cells, yet there is a lack of insight into bacterial growth dynamics taking place during infection in vivo. We have applied inexpensive and easily accessible methods for extraction of in situ bacterial growth rate from bacterial chromosome replication during experimental murine infection. This approach not only allows for a better understanding of bacterial growth dynamics taking place during the course of infection, but also serves as a platform to test the activity of different antibiotics as a function of pre-treatment in situ growth rate. The method has the advantage that bacterial growth rate can be probed from a single biological sample, with the potential for extension into clinical use in pre-treatment infected biological specimens. A better understanding of commonly used antibiotics’ level of dependency upon bacterial growth, combined with measurements of in situ bacterial growth rate in infected clinical specimens, could prove helpful in evaluating future antibacterial treatment regimens.

scholarly journals ACCUMULATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN TISSUES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN VITRO CULTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Lina Viktorovna Zatonskaya ◽  
Lyudmila Ivanovna Tikhomirova ◽  
Yekaterina Olegovna Kozlova ◽  
Viktor Anatol'yevich Petukhov
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Accumulation Coefficient ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Murashige Skoog

Development of theoretical bases of optimization of the production process of biologically active substances in the cultivation of medicinal plants by modern methods of biotechnology is one of the main tasks of fundamental research in this area. The aim of this study was to study the content and features of the accumulation of elements in regenerants of medicinal plants grown on the nutrient medium Murashige-Skoog with different content of phytohormones. Regenerant plants in vitro culture actively accumulate elements (K, P, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Mn, Fe, B, Al, Cu, Pb, Sr, V, Cr, Ag, Mo, Ti, Ni, Co , Se, Cd). The content of the trace elements Mn, Zn and Cu that we studied was at the level of normal values for the vegetation of the continents, Fe in P. alba regenerants – much higher. The content of heavy and toxic metals Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Ni did not exceed the normal level in plants and the acceptable level for dietary supplements, plant-based tea, and medicinal plant materials. The high dependence of the accumulation of elements in plants-regenerants Iris spuria Art And Soul variety on the content of hormones in the nutrient medium was noted. Representatives of all three groups (macronutrients, trace elements and ultramicroelements) had a similar curve diagram. The maximum peak was located at a concentration of 2.5 µm BAP with auxins, then the coefficient decreased by 5 µm BAP, and the next lower peak was observed at 5.0 µm BAP+A. the Lowest value of KN was at a concentration of 7.5 µm BAP. The introduction of auxins at this BAP concentration stimulated another peak, and then the accumulation coefficient tended to increase at a concentration of 10.0 µm BAP. The revealed dependence makes possible the regulation and directed accumulation of elements necessary for the researcher in plant tissues.

scholarly journals Development of the moss Pogonatum urnigerum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. under in vitro culture conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijana Cvetic ◽  
Aneta Sabovljevic ◽  
M. Sabovljevic ◽  
D. Grubisic
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Gametophyte Development ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Half Strength

Pogonatum urnigerum (Polytrichaceae) in vitro culture was established from spores collected in nature. Both protonema and gametophore stages of gametophyte development were obtained. Also, a stable callus culture was established using hormone-free nutrient medium. The best nutrient medium for development was half-strength Murashige- Skoog medium supplemented with 1.5% sucrose. Auxin treatment enabled some gametophores to develop, but prolonged treatment induced early senescence. Tissues grown on cytokinin did not produce any gametophytes and did not survive prolonged treatment.

scholarly journals Characteristics growth of mycelium of mushroom shiitake Lentinula Edodes (Berk.) Pegler in vitro

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
T. Ivanova ◽  
N. Voloschuk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Microbiological Methods

Goal. The purpose of this work is to study the growth of the mycelium of the fungus Lentinula Edodes (Berk.) Pegler on nutrient media of different composition and also to study the features of the use of Avatar-1 micro fertilizer and sodium selenite. Methods. Biotechnological research methods. Sodium selenite (Na2S eO3) at a concentration of 1.0 mmol / l was also used. Pure culture of the mushrooms had a very dense structure and white color. In our work, we used biotechnological methods — obtain this by subculturing the L. edodes strain in vitro; microbiological methods — obtaining pure culture of the fungus, the study of the cultural properties of the colonies. We set the pH value (pH) of nutrient media at the beginning and at the end of incubation. We applied mycological methods to measure the speed, density of growth and dry mass of mycelium. we used the light microscopy method. We performed statistical data processing.Method of light microscopy. Results. The experiments showed about acceleration of mycelial growth, mass and the greatest yield of mycelium L. edodes were on a nutrient medium with microfertilizer Avatar-1. In the experiment, it was found that the maximum overgrowth of the medium by mycelium occurs at 7 days. We have been proved that in the «Avatar-1» nutrient medium there was an increase and consolidation of bifurcated hyphae and buckles of L. edodes. There was even germination of mycelium that did not have too thin or thick hyphae. The dependence of growth rate on the type of nutrient medium. Also, the of doses of the drug, which effectively influences the technology of obtaining primary mycelium L. edodes. Conclusions. The dependence of the growth rate on the type of nutrient medium, the dose administration rate, as well as the cultivation regimes, that effectively influence and cheapen the technology of obtaining the primary mycelium L. edodes is demonstrated.

scholarly journals INDUCTION OF MICROTUBING OF NEW PROMISING POTATO VARIETIES IN ASEPTIC CULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Elena Oves ◽  
Natal'ya Gaitova ◽  
Ol'ga Shishkina
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Aseptic Culture ◽  
Murashige Skoog

The studies were carried out with the aim of optimizing microtubing of promising potato varieties in aseptic culture. The experiments studied such factors as the use of vessels of various sizes (test tubes with a diameter of 25 mm and plastic containers 18x18 cm, into which 10 ml of agar and 400 ml of liquid nutrient medium, respectively, were poured, respectively), the density of planting plants in containers (40, 60 and 80 stem explants), the composition of the nutrient medium during ontogenesis, cultivation of mini-tubers from in vitro microplants (control) and microtubers (≥ 0.9 cm and 0.5 ... 0.9 cm in size). When studying the possibility of modifying the nutrient medium based on the Murashige-Skoog recipe to induce tuberization in one variant, the sucrose concentration during growth was changed from 2% before the formation of four internodes by 8% after this phase, the kinetin content during the entire observation period was 0.5 mg/l. In the second variant, microplants were kept on a medium with 6% sucrose and 0.25 mg/l kinetin throughout ontogenesis. The highest yield of microtubers of the standard fraction (27 ... 94%) with a multiplication factor of 0.8 ... 2.7 pcs/plant was noted in the variant with 60 cuttings placed in a container. When grown in test tubes with a change of medium, 1.0 ... 1.5 microtubers were collected per plant with a standard fraction yield of 64 ... 78%. The use of container technology with a similar alternation of nutrient media increased the yield of the standard fraction in most of the studied varieties to 75 ... 86%. In variants with a constant sucrose content in the nutrient medium (6%), a very low multiplication factor was noted, which did not compensate for a sufficiently high yield of the standard fraction, regardless of the laboratory vessel used. The multiplication factor of test tube microplants during planting in the ground was higher than when planting microtubers, with a high yield of the standard fraction

Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Rauvolfia Serpentina (L.) Benth Ex. Kurz.

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswoti Aryal ◽  
Sanu Devi Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Coconut Milk ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Callus Tissue Culture

Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) ex. Kurz is an important medicinal plant. Callus induction and regeneration was studied from stem explant of in-vitro grown plant of Rauvolfia serpentina(L.) Benth. ex Kurz (Apocynaceae) on Murashige Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 1mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenocy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1mg/l Kinetin (Kn). Vigorous growth of callus occurs after 4 weeks of culture. Callus was sub-cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentration of 2, 4-D (0.5-3.0 mg/l) and 10% coconut milk. Regeneration of plantlets occurred on MS medium containing 3 mg/1 of 2, 4-D and 10% coconut milk. These plantlets were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IAA .The regenerated plantlets were able to grow on soil after short period ofacclimatization. Key words: Explant; In-vitro culture; MS medium;  2, 4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; Kinetin; Callus; Tissue culture; Coconut milk. Journal of Natural History Museum Vol. 24, 2009 Page: 82-88

Comparative Investigation on Formation and Accumulation of Rare Phenylpropanoids in Plants and in vitro Cultures of Pimpinella major

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Merkel ◽  
J. Reichling
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Liquid Nutrient Medium ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Plant Seedlings

Abstract Unorganized callus and leaf/root-differentiating callus cultures of Pimpinella major have been established in liquid nutrient medium. Their capacity to accumulate rare phenylpropanoids such as epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol tiglate, epoxy-anol tiglate and anol tiglate was compared with that of seedlings and whole plants. The unorganized callus cultures were not able to accumulate any phenylpropanoids. In comparison, the leaf/root-differentiating callus culture promoted the accumulation of epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol tiglate (up to 90 mg/100 g fr.wt.) but not that of anol-derivatives. The accumulated amount of EPT in PMD-SH was comparable with that in plant seedlings.

scholarly journals The Banana Root Endophytome: Differences between Mother Plants and Suckers and Evaluation of Selected Bacteria to Control Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Carmen Gómez-Lama Cabanás ◽  
Antonio J. Fernández-González ◽  
Martina Cardoni ◽  
Antonio Valverde-Corredor ◽  
Javier López-Cepero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽  
Identification And Characterization

This study aimed to disentangle the structure, composition, and co-occurrence relationships of the banana (cv. Dwarf Cavendish) root endophytome comparing two phenological plant stages: mother plants and suckers. Moreover, a collection of culturable root endophytes (>1000) was also generated from Canary Islands. In vitro antagonism assays against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) races STR4 and TR4 enabled the identification and characterization of potential biocontrol agents (BCA). Eventually, three of them were selected and evaluated against Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) together with the well-known BCA Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 under controlled conditions. Culturable and non-culturable (high-throughput sequencing) approaches provided concordant information and showed low microbial diversity within the banana root endosphere. Pseudomonas appeared as the dominant genus and seemed to play an important role in the banana root endophytic microbiome according to co-occurrence networks. Fungal communities were dominated by the genera Ophioceras, Cyphellophora, Plecosphaerella, and Fusarium. Overall, significant differences were found between mother plants and suckers, suggesting that the phenological stage determines the recruitment and organization of the endophytic microbiome. While selected native banana endophytes showed clear antagonism against Foc strains, their biocontrol performance against FWB did not improve the outcome observed for a non-indigenous reference BCA (strain PICF7).

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