scholarly journals THE CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN SOILS DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF OIL FIELDS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
M. S. Yessenamanova ◽  
Ts. D. Davaeva ◽  
L. Kh. Sangadzhieva ◽  
B. V. Tsombueva ◽  
O. S. Sangadzhieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Chloride Sulfate ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Geochemical Specialization

The article presents the results of chemical analysis soils of drilling sites of the Sostinsky and Mezhozerny oil fields of the Republic of Kalmykia. The content of sodium ions is more than 2 times higher in both deposits. At the same time, the content of chlorides in some areas of the Mezhozerny field reaches its maximum. As a result, the soils are highly saline in terms of the degree of salinity and are mainly chloride-sulfate-sodium in terms of the type of salinity. In oil fields, oil spills lead to the accumulation of organic carbon many times, with the total content of organic matter exceeding up to 5 times. The increase in the content of petroleum products is greatest in water discharge and wellheads. Studies on the content of heavy metals in the soils of oil fields showed that the average content of elements does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration of substances. At the same time, the content of most heavy metals exceeds the background ones, for example, lead, cadmium up to 2 times, strontium up to 8 times, mercury up to 6-12 times. In comparison with the clarke of the lithosphere (according to Vinogradov), an ecological-geochemical specialization in cadmium is noted. In the soils of the Sostinsky deposit, in the series of distribution of heavy metals, the maximum value is typical for cadmium, and in the Mezhozernoye deposit for mercury. At the Sostinskoye deposit, higher than the background is characteristic of such elements as: lead, vanadium, copper, strontium, and at the Mezhozernoye deposit, the excess of the background is achieved for such elements as: cadmium, zinc, lead, vanadium, copper, chromium, strontium.

scholarly journals Content of heavy metals and petroleum products in the soil on the territory of oilproducing areas of the Republic of Tatarstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 939-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena A. Tafeeva ◽  
A. V. Ivanov ◽  
A. A. Titova ◽  
I. V. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The paper presents data on the hygienic assessment of the content of heavy metals and petroleum products in the soil on the territory of oil-producing areas of the Republic of Tatarstan. The average total content of lead (10,1 mg/kg), cadmium (0.073 mg/kg), manganese (792.4 mg/kg), cobalt (14.2 mg/kg), chromium (87.6 mg/kg), nickel (65.2 mg/ kg), arsenic (8.0 mg/kg), copper (36.6 mg/kg) and zinc (521 mg/kg) in soil for agricultural purposes near objects oil production was shown not to exceed the established hygienic standards. Soil contamination with oil products leads to an increase in its toxicity and mutagenicity. Soil contamination with oil products at the level of as low as 30 mg/ kg leads to the gain in its toxicity (low toxicity) and mutagenicity (average) (specific gravity of germinated seeds was 70.7±0.67%, aberrations - 1.78±0.19%).

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN CUSTOMIZED BABY MILK FORMULATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 843-849
Author(s):  
Elizabeta Nakova ◽  
Biljana Gjorgjeska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The best substitutes for breast milk are industrially customized milk formulations. There is a huge range of products on the market from universal to specially customizedmilk formulations with the appropriate label for babies with health concerns. The degree of modification distinguishes initial, sequential, and dairy formulations for nutrition after 12 months of age.Each of them is with relevant age-adjusted composition labeled with packages 1, 2 and 3. The rise of industrialization, urbanization, natural disasters, climate change, and the fact that modern life cannot be imagined without agro-chemicals, pharmaceuticals, paints, plastics leads to the daily increase of chemical agents in the environment. Of particular concern is the presence of heavy metals. Some of them such as zinc, manganese, copper as trace elements are necessary for the metabolic functions of the human body, while lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury are toxic.Infants and young children are more sensitive to toxic heavy metals due to their higher absorption than adults. The aim of this paper is to show the specific concentrations of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium, (Cd), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in customized milk formulations for infants and young children present on the market or imported in the Republic of North Macedonia, which will be an indicator of the safety or insecurity of this food. Analyzes were made on data from 61 analyzed cow's milk formulations intended for infants and young children by age as initial - labeled 1, sequential - labeled 2, milk formulations numbered 3 and milk formulations with appropriate label designated for infants with health issues. A descriptive method for the period of 5 years from 2014 - 2018 was used to collect the data from the analyzes of Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As and Hg in the customized milk formulations. The technique used to determine heavy metals is AAS - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. For the determination of Mn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As the ETAAS-Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry technique was used, FAAS-Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry was used for the determination of Zn, Hg was determined by CVAAS -cold vapors using a continuous injection mercury system.The Cu content of two customized milk formulations -initialand sequentialis 1.5 mg/kg(l) and is within the MAC but does not exceed the maximum value. The content of Pb in a customized milk formulation - initialis 0.02 mg/kg(l) and is within the MAC but does not exceed the maximum value. According to the mean value of the essential metals, Zn, then Cu, and Mn are the most common. According to the results, from the analysis of the samples performed in the Institute of Public Health of the Republic of North Macedonia it can be concluded that no metal exceeds the Maximum Allowed Concentrations and is in compliance with the regulations of the Republic of North Macedonia, thus confirming their safety.

Removal of Petroleum Products from Water Surface by Chemically Modified Wood Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 5261-5264
Author(s):  
Irina Yakovlevna Sippel ◽  
Gulnaz Albertovna Akhmetgaleeva
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
The Republic

In this work, they studied the possibility of woodwork waste use to remove oil products from the water surface by the sorption method. We used sawdust of ash (Fráxinus excélsior) and linden (Tília cordáta) as sorption materials, formed at the woodworking enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan, as sorbates-fresh and used diesel engine oils, characterized by high boiling points and heavy fractional composition. To increase the sorption capacity of wood waste, they were chemically modified with the solutions of sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric, perchloric, phosphoric and acetic acids with the concentration of 0.5, 1 and 3%. They determined the values of the maximum oil absorption of the initial and modified samples of sorption materials in relation to fresh and used motor oils. It was established that ash and linden sawdust modified with a 3% solution of nitric acid have the highest sorption properties. Determination of the sorption capacity by iodine and methylene blue showed that modified sawdust, in comparison with the initial samples, has a more highly developed surface, combining different types of pores: both micro- and mesopores. Experiments on modeling engine oil spills on water surface showed that chemically modified sawdust are effective sorbents of oil products, the degree of water purification reaches 99%.

The accumulation of heavy metals by macromycetes in Brest Region of the Republic of Belarus

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-209
Author(s):  
T. N. Myslyva ◽  
N. V. Mikhalchuk ◽  
Yu. A. Bilyavskiy ◽  
P. P. Nadtochiy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals The Effect of Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar on the Availability of Cu and Zn to Hordeum sativum Distichum in Contaminated Soil

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Marina Burachevskaya ◽  
Saglara Mandzhieva ◽  
Tatiana Bauer ◽  
Tatiana Minkina ◽  
Vishnu Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Cu And Zn

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the content of loosely bound (exchangeable, complexed, and specifically sorbed) compounds of Cu and Zn and their availability to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) in contaminated Haplic Chernozem soil under the conditions of a model experiment (five approximate permissible concentrations (APC) and 10 APC of metal). Changes in the bioavailability of the metals upon application of carbon sorbents were observed. An increase in loosely bound metal compounds has been shown under conditions of soil contamination with metals (up to 57% of the total content). The increase in the availability of Cu in the soil was mainly due to the formation of complexed metal forms with organic matter (up to 17%). The availability of Zn was found to be associated with an increase in exchangeable (up to 21%) and specifically sorbed compounds (up to 27%). Granular activated carbon (GAC) and biochar have high sorption properties. A decrease in the content of loosely bound compounds of metals was established, especially in the most mobile forms such as exchangeable and complexed forms. The introduction of sorbents into the soil opened up a new venue for binding heavy metals in situ, eventually leading to a decrease in their bioavailability. The inactivation of Cu and Zn in the soil upon the application of sorbents led to a decrease in metal absorption by spring barley. The highest efficiency of biochar application was established at a dose of 2.5% and 5% in soil contaminations of 5 APC and 10 APC of Cu or Zn. The efficiency of the use of sorbents was more influenced by the dose of application than by the type of sorbent. There was no significant difference between biochar and GAC. Stabilization and inactivation of metals may improve soil fertility and plant growth.

Research on the Morphological of Lead and Zinc in the Smelting Slag

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Lin Yu ◽  
Dong Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Smelting Slag ◽  
Reducible Fraction

In this paper analysed the forms of heavy metals (Zn Pb Cd and As) of the Smelting Slag for Lead and Zinc,using BCR sequential extraction. Different chemical morphological of heavy metals have different activity and harmfulness. Migration and Utilization of heavy metals were decided by the existent form of heavy metals in the soil,which influenced Bioactivity and Toxicity. The results show that the main forms of Zn and Cd are Oxidizable and Residual fraction, and Pb mainly occurred in Oxidizable and Reducible fraction. however, As mainly occurred in Residual fraction, which the percentage of reachs 99.56%. According to the percentage of fractions extracted in total content (As is 0.44%, Zn is 14.7%, Pb is 85.98%, Cd is 48.86%),the latent ecological risk of heavy metals varied in the descending order of,Pb Cd Zn and As.

ANALISA LOGAM BESI (Fe) DI SUNGAI PASAR DAERAH BELANGWETAN KLATEN DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Rahmi Nurhaini ◽  
Arief Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Republic

Iron (Fe) is one of many heavy metals that is corrosive resistant, dense, and has a low melting point. If accumulated in the body, the metal can cause some medical conditions, such as irritation to skin and eyes, breathing problems, and in the long term, cancer. This research aims to know generally the spread of metallic iron (Fe) in the river Pasar in Belangwetan, Klaten. This study was conducted using an observational method in which researchers did not examine the effects of interventions. Sampling was done using purposive sampling method taken from three points, namely the upper, middle, lower. Determination of iron levels by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) obtained a positive result, and the data was processed using SPSS to determine the Mean and Standard Deviation. Of the research result, it could be known the Mean score was 2.33 ppm and SD was 0.0352. The result of this research indicated that the levels of iron in the river Pasar in Belangwetan were 2.33 ppm. It means that the levels violate the regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, which is not more than 1mg/L (1ppm) in the clean water

Impact of Togo’s Urbans Solids Wastes Sorting and Composting on the Total Content of Heavy Metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
E.K. Koledzi ◽  
K.N. Segbeaya ◽  
M. Tcha-Thom ◽  
G. Baba ◽  
G. Matejka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Total Content
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