Blood microbiota composition in Iranian pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Ghaemi ◽  
Abolfazl Fateh ◽  
Abbas Akhavan Sepahy ◽  
Mehrangiz Zangeneh ◽  
Mostafa Ghanei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Normal Volunteers ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Blood Microbiota ◽  
Diabetes Patients

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes as the most prevalent metabolic disorder, is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies suggest that body microbiota may play a role in developing metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes. The objective of the present study was to investigate the blood microbiota composition in Iranian pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients compared to healthy individuals. METHODS: Blood samples were taken after 12-h fasting from 90 participants, 30 healthy individuals, 30 type 2 diabetes patients and 30 pre-diabetic participants. The buffy coat layer separated by centrifugation at 800 and DNA was extracted using a column-based method. Composition and load of blood microbiota was evaluated by real-time PCR method using genus specific 16S rRNA primers. RESULTS: The load of Akkermansia, and Faecalibacterium was higher in normal volunteers compared to pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetes group (p< 0.05). The load of Bifidobacterium was higher in normal volunteers compared to type 2 diabetes patients (p= 0.02). In contrast, the load of Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli was higher in pre-diabetics and type 2 diabetes patients compared to normal volunteers (p< 0.05). The load of Bacteroides fragilis was not statistically different between studied groups but it was higher in males compared to female group (p= 0.04). the load of other bacteria was not significantly different between male and female participants. CONCLUSION: There is difference between microbiota composition in white blood cells of pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetes patients compared to healthy people. Determination of blood microbiota pattern may have a role in diagnosis and preventive of type 2 diabetes in a certain population. For more clarification about correlation between blood microbiota and type 2 diabetes, larger studies with more participants in different ethnical populations is suggested.

scholarly journals Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor (SGLT2i) as a Primary Preventative Agent in the Healthy Individual: A Need of a Future Randomised Clinical Trial?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Xu ◽  
Owain Chandler ◽  
Cleo Wee ◽  
Chau Ho ◽  
Jacquita S. Affandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a relatively novel class of drug for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that inhibits glucose reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule to promote glycosuria and reduce blood glucose levels. SGLT2i has been clinically indicated for treating T2DM, with numerous recent publications focussing on both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal events in Type 2 diabetic patients. The most recent clinical trials showed that SGLT2i have moderately significant beneficial effects on atherosclerotic major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with histories of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this review and analysis, SGLT2i have however demonstrated clinically significant benefits in reducing hospitalisation for heart failure and worsening of chronic kidney disease (CKD) irrespective of pre-existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or previous heart failure history. A meta-analysis suggests that all SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrated the therapeutic benefit on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, as shown in EMPAREG OUTCOME study with a significant decrease in myocardial infarction, without increased stroke risk. All the above clinical trial recruited type 2 diabetic patients. This article aims to postulate and review the possible primary prevention role of SGLT2i in healthy individuals by reviewing the current literature and provide a prospective overview. The emphasis will include primary prevention of Type 2 Diabetes, Heart Failure, CKD, Hypertension, Obesity and Dyslipidaemia in healthy individuals, whom are defined as healthy, low or intermediate risks patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among a sample of Moroccan type 2 diabetes patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Ahmed Chetoui ◽  
Kamal Kaoutar ◽  
Keltoum Boutahar ◽  
Abdeslam El Kardoudi ◽  
Soufiane Elmoussaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: Obesity constitutes a major risk factor for the development of diabetes, and has been linked with poor gly- caemic control among type 2 diabetic patients. Aims: This study examines the prevalence of overweight/obesity and associated factors in type 2 diabetic patients in the Beni-Mellal Khenifra region in Morocco. Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 among 975 diabetes patients attending pri- mary health centres. Demographic and clinical data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Anthropometric meas- urements, including body weight, height and waist circumference, were taken using standardized techniques and calibrated equipment. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 40.4%, the general obesity was 28.8% and the abdominal obesity was 73.7%. Using multivariate analysis, we noted that the general obesity was associated with female sex (AOR= 3,004, 95% CI: 1.761- 5.104, P<0.001), increased age (AOR=2.192, 95% CI: 1.116-4.307, P<0.023) and good glycaemic control (AOR=1.594, 95% CI: 1.056-2.407, P=0.027), whereas abdominal obesity was associated wih female sex (AOR=2.654, 95% CI: 1.507-4.671, P<0.001) and insulin treatment (AOR=2.927, 95% CI: 1.031-8.757, P=0.048). Conclusion: Overweight, general obesity and abdominal obesity were high among participants, especially among women. Taken together, these findings urge the implementation of a roadmap for this diabetic subpopulation to have a new lifestyle. Keywords: Obesity; overweight; abdominal obesity; type 2 diabetes; Morocco.

scholarly journals The relationship between circulating irisin levels and tissues AGE accumulation in type 2 diabetes patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Li ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Yan-juan Zhu ◽  
Chen-guang Li ◽  
Yun-zhao Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), measured by skin autofluorescence (AF), are a factor in the development or worsening of many degenerative diseases, such as diabetes and atherosclerosis. Irisin levels have been associated with diabetes, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether circulating irisin levels are correlated with skin AF values in type 2 diabetes patients. A total of 362 Chinese type 2 diabetic patients and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited in the present study. Clinical characteristics, blood biochemistry and circulating irisin levels were measured. Skin AF was measured using an AGE reader. Circulating irisin levels were significantly lower, while skin AF values were increased in type 2 diabetes compared with controls (P<0.05 respectively). By dividing the distribution of skin AF values into tertiles, serum irisin levels gradually lowered with increasing skin AF values (P<0.05). After adjusting for covariates, multivariate stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that serum lower irisin levels were independently associated with skin AF (P=0.009). Circulating irisin levels were lower in type 2 diabetes patients compared with healthy controls. Lower levels of irisin are independently associated with elevated skin AF values, indicating that circulating irisin levels could be associated with AGEs accumulation, which is one of the reasons causing vascular complications in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Drug-Related Problems dan Lama Rawat Inap pada Pasien dengan Diabetes Tipe 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Surya Yuli Astuti ◽  
Mawardi Ihsan ◽  
Fita Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Drug-Related Problems have been associated to blood glucose control along with the morbidity and mortality of type 2 diabetes patients through previous studies. However, studies that associate Length of Stay (LOS) with DRPs in type 2 diabetes patients have not been done. The study that had been done was to associate between LOS and Medication Errors (ME). Medication errors include DRPs because other researchers state that errors are also kind of problem. This study was aimed to identify Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) and to associate between DRPs and LOS in type 2 diabetes patients who were hospitalized. This study was a prospective observation study with a cross-sectional design. Sample collection was carried out by consecutive sampling method in type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized in internal medicine ward in one academic hospital in Yogyakarta. Data analysis was done descriptively to see DRPs description and the association between DRPs and LOS was analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test whenever Chi-square test conditions were not met. Data collection was carried out in January till April 2018. The results showed that the DRPs in hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients were 80.56% with unnecessary drug therapy occurring at 34.72%; dosage too low of 25%; needs additional drug therapy 13.38%; dosage too high 12.5%; ineffective drug 11.11%; and there was no association seen between DRPs and LOS.

scholarly journals Argan Oil Exerts an Antiatherogenic Effect by Improving Lipids and Susceptibility of LDL to Oxidation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Ould Mohamedou ◽  
K. Zouirech ◽  
M. El Messal ◽  
M. S. El Kebbaj ◽  
A. Chraibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Antiatherogenic Effect ◽  
Argan Oil ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Patients

In this study, we investigate the effect of argan oil consumption on serum lipids, apolipoproteins (AI and B), CRP, and LDL susceptibility to oxidation in type 2 diabetic patients which are known to have a high level of cardiovascular risk due to lipid abnormalities and lipid peroxidation. For that, 86 type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia were randomized to one group consuming 25 mL/day of argan oil during 3 weeks and control group consuming 20 g/day of butter in breakfast. After argan oil intervention, serum triglycerides decreased by 11.84%,(P=0.001), total chol by 9.13%,(P=0.01), and LDL-chol by 11.81%,(P=0.02). However, HDL-chol and Apo AI increased (10.51%,P=0.01and 9.40%,  P=0.045,resp.). Susceptibility of LDL to lipid peroxidation was significantly reduced by increasing of 20.95%,(P=0.038)in lag phase after argan oil consumption. In conclusion, we show for the first time that consumption of argan oil may have an antiatherogenic effect by improving lipids, and the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in type 2 diabetes patients with dyslipidemia, and can therefore be recommended in the nutritional management of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Increased H2S synthesizing activity in plasma correlated to fasting blood glucose levels: A study in type 2 diabetes patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Pinaki Saha ◽  
Sayantan Dasgupta ◽  
Sukla Nath ◽  
Pradipta Ghosh ◽  
Santanu Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem not only in India but worldwide. Our country presently is undergoing an epidemic stage of this non-communicable disease.Though several etiological background of type 2 diabetes has been well explained, yet a number of recent literatures suggested a potential role H2S producing enzymes in the etiology and management of this metabolic disorder.Aims and Objectives: Our aim was to elucidate the relationship of H2S synthesizing activity in plasma and fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients and equal number of non-diabetic controls were included in the study. Enzymatic activity of synthesizing H2S in plasma was estimated following methods described earlier with further modification and standardization in our laboratory. All other parameters were estimated by using standardized kits.Results:  FBG, PPBG, HbA1C, Fasting Insulin,  H2S synthesizing activity in plasma in patients are significantly higher (p< 0.05) than the corresponding values in healthy controls H2S synthesizing activity in plasma is positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose and the correlations is significant(p=0.05).Conclusion: Our study though a pilot study with a small sample size, has elucidated that the values of H2S synthesizing activity in plasma are significantly elevated in type 2 diabetic patients and this may help researchers to develop H2S modifying agents and enzyme inhibitors which may open up new horizon in the treatment modalities of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 6-10

scholarly journals A study of association between serum zinc and HbA1c in type2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, Tamilnadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Dhanoushyaa Seetharaman ◽  
Muraliswaran Perumal ◽  
Priyatharshini Mohan ◽  
Prabu Gnanasekaran ◽  
Indhumathi Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Group I ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: Diabetes currently affects more than 66.8 million people in India which has become a major health care problem, representing the largest number of any country in the world. Reduced concomitant intake of Zinc studies proved to be associated with risk of increased HbA1c percentage in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes patients. Aims and Objective: The current study was designed to assess serum Zinc level in Type 2 Diabetes patients and to find out the correlation between serum Zinc and HbA1c level in Type 2 Diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients were included in the study and they were divided into two groups like Group I (50 patients): Type 2 Diabetic patients with HbA1c more than 7 percent. Group II (50 patients): Type 2 Diabetic patients with HbA1c less than 7 percent (50). Estimation of blood glucose (Fasting and post prandial), Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum Zinc was done. Statistical Analysis: The data is collected, recorded and analyzed statistically to determine the significance of different parameters by using SPSS package for windows version23.0. Results: The mean value of serum zinc was lower in the diabetic group whose HbA1c more than 7 (p value – 0.001) when compared to the diabetic group whose HbA1c less than 7. Conclusion: Estimating the level of serum zinc becomes important to know the status of insulin in diabetic patients and correlating the levels of HbA1c and Serum zinc in Type 2 DM patients, can monitor the levels of glycemic control and prevent the risk of development of complications.

scholarly journals Study of serum ceruloplasmin and zinc in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 480-485
Author(s):  
Amanj Hasan ◽  
Sardar Ahmed ◽  
Dler Ali
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Serum Ceruloplasmin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background and objective: Ceruloplasmin is the major copper-carrying protein in the blood and plays a role in iron metabolism. Zinc is an essential trace element for human health, which activates about 200 enzymes. This study aimed to evaluate the serum ceruloplasmin and zinc and the factor affecting them in type 2 diabetes. Methods: A case-control study was carried out from November 2018 to June 2019 in collaboration between the biochemistry unit at the College of Medicine and the biochemistry unit at the College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University. The study included 100 type 2 diabetic patients (group 1) and 100 healthy individuals (group 2) to evaluate the serum ceruloplasmin and zinc in both groups. Results: The mean value of serum ceruloplasmin was significantly (P <0.001) higher in type 2 diabetic patients (55.9 ± 1.26 mg/dL) than that of healthy individuals (36.65 ± 0.71 mg/dL). The mean value of serum zinc was significantly (P <0.001) lower in type 2 diabetic patients (39.19 ± 0.46 ug/dL) compared with controls (65.27 ± 2.5 ug/dL). There was a significant positive correlation between serum ceruloplasmin and the age of diabetic patients (P <0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between serum ceruloplasmin and serum zinc of diabetic patients (P <001). There was no significant correlation between serum ceruloplasmin and body mass index of diabetic patients (P = 0.928). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, we concluded that high serum ceruloplasmin and low zinc were associated with type 2 diabetics. Keywords: Serum ceruloplasmin; Age; BMI; Zinc; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Impact of a Booklet about Diabetes Genetic Susceptibility and Its Prevention on Attitudes towards Prevention and Perceived Behavioral Change in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Their Offspring

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Nishigaki ◽  
Eiko Sato ◽  
Ryota Ochiai ◽  
Taiga Shibayama ◽  
Keiko Kazuma
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Patient’S View ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background. Offspring of type 2 diabetic patients are at a high risk of type 2 diabetes. Information on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention should be supplied to the offspring.Methods. A six-page booklet on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention was distributed to 173 patients who ere ordered to hand it to their offspring. The patients answered a self-administered questionnaire on booklet delivery and attitudinal and behavioral changes toward diabetes and its prevention in themselves and their offspring.Results. Valid responses were obtained from 130 patients. Forty-nine patients had actually handed the booklet. Booklet induces more relief than anxiety. From the patient's view, favorable attitudinal and/or behavioral changes occurred in more than half of the offspring who were delivered the booklet.Conclusion. The booklet worked effectively on attitudes and behaviors toward diabetes and its prevention both in patients and their offspring. However, the effectiveness of patients as information deliverers was limited.

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