A 9-Year Comparison of Dementia Prevalence in Korea: Results of NaSDEK 2008 and 2017

Background: In many high-income Western countries, the prevalence of dementia had been reduced over the past decades. Objective: We investigated whether the prevalence of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) had changed in Korea from 2008 to 2017. Methods: Nationwide Survey on Dementia Epidemiology of Korea (NaSDEK) in 2008 and 2017 was conducted on representative elderly populations that were randomly sampled across South Korea. Both surveys employed a two-stage design (screening and diagnostic phases) and diagnosed dementia and MCI according to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the consensus criteria from the International Working Group, respectively. The numbers of participants aged 65 years or older in the screening and diagnostic phases were 6,141 and 1,673 in the NaSDEK 2008 and 2,972 and 474 in the NaSDEK 2017, respectively. Results: The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease showed nonsignificant decrease (12.3% to 9.8%, odds ratio [OR] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54–1.48 for all-cause dementia; 7.6% to 6.8%, OR [95% CI] = 0.91 [0.58–1.42] for Alzheimer’s disease). Vascular dementia decreased in the young-old population aged less than 75 years (2.7% to 0.001%, OR [95% CI] = 0.04 [0.01–0.15]) and in women (1.9% to 0.5%, OR [95% CI] = 0.27 [0.10–0.72]) while MCI remained stable (25.3% to 26.2%, OR [95% CI] = 1.08 [0.67–1.73]). Conclusion: We found that the prevalence of dementia in Korea showed a nonsignificant decrease between 2008 and 2017.

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Risk factors for dementia

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment ◽

10.1192/apt.7.1.24 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 24-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Catriona D. McCullagh ◽

David Craig ◽

Stephen P. McIlroy ◽

A. Peter Passmore

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Lewy Body ◽

Lewy Body Dementia ◽

Population Demographics ◽

Common Cause ◽

Generic Term ◽

Prevalence Of Dementia

There is little doubt that dementia is a very common cause of disability and dependency in our society. Since dementia of whatever type is usually more common with increasing age, then as population demographics change, so will the prevalence of dementia. Dementia is a generic term and the objective for clinicians, once dementia is suspected, is to attempt to define the cause. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, and in most centres vascular dementia would feature as the next most common aetiology. In some centres, Lewy body dementia is the second most common cause. Mixed Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia would also feature high on the list at most centres.

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Prevalence of Dementia in China in 2015: A Nationwide Community-Based Study

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.733314 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Shige Qi ◽

Peng Yin ◽

Han Zhang ◽

Qingjun Zhang ◽

Yize Xiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Face To Face ◽

Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽

More Care ◽

Tea Drinking ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Intellectual Activities ◽

Prevalence Of Dementia

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and associated risk factors among the general Chinese population.Methods: We carried out a nationwide study including 24,117 participants aged 60 years and older in China using a multistage clustered sampling. Dementia and AD were diagnosed according to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the criteria issued by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke–Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association. Face-to-face interviews were administered by the trained interviewers to obtain information on demographics, lifestyle factors, and previous diseases.Results: The overall weighted prevalence of dementia was 4.22% (95%CI 2.27–6.17%) for people aged 60 years and older, was higher in women than in men and increased with age. Daily tea drinking and daily exercises were the protective factors for both dementia and AD. Engaging in social and intellectual activities was significantly associated with a lower risk of dementia and AD.Conclusions: A large number of population with dementia posed a significant challenge to China where the population is rapidly aging. The increase of public awareness, building more care facilities, and training dementia specialists and professional caregivers are all urgently needed and should be the future priorities of dementia care in China.

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Evaluation of DSM-5 and IWG-2 criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies

Diagnosis ◽

10.1515/dx-2015-0031 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 9-12

Author(s):

Kerry G. Baker

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽

American Psychiatric Association ◽

Lewy Bodies ◽

Statistical Manual ◽

Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽

Dsm 5 ◽

Research Criteria

AbstractDespite differing target audiences and scope it is possible to compare the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) [American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. Arlington: American Psychiatric Association, 2013] and the Second International Working Group for New Research Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease (IWG-2) [Dubois B, Feldman HH, Jacova C, Hampel H, Molinuevo JL, Blennow K, et al. Advancing research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease: the IWG-2 criteria. Lancet Neurol 2014;13:614–29] diagnostic criteria for both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). With regard to the diagnosis of AD the principal difference is the inclusion of biomarkers in the IWG-2 diagnostic criteria for this condition. This creates a number of difficulties including a lack of regulatory approval, cultural and other objections to the collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and a lack of facilities for collection and analysis restricting analysis of CSF proteins to larger tertiary centres [Dubois B, Feldman HH, Jacova C, Hampel H, Molinuevo JL, Blennow K, et al. Advancing research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease: the IWG-2 criteria. Lancet Neurol 2014;13:614–29]. With regard to diagnostic criteria for DLB, IWG-2 research criteria designate the co-occurrence of AD and DLB as ‘mixed AD’. However, Alzheimer’s type pathology (ADTP) and Lewy body pathology frequently occur together rendering a separate ‘mixed AD’ category superfluous. The reality is that routine clinical diagnosis of AD and DLB will continue to be based on a thorough general and neurological examination indicating a preponderance of signs and symptoms for one or other of these conditions [Seeley WW, Miller BL. Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. In: Hauser SL, Josephson SA, editors. Harrison’s neurology in clinical medicine, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 2013]. Similarly, AD and DLB research will continue to primarily depend on clinically focussed DSM-5 criteria, making DSM-5 superior to IWG-2 in both clinical and research settings.

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Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Diabetes in Alzheimer’s Disease, Vascular dementia, and Mixed Dementia: Prevalence and Presentation

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-189011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 1753-1753 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Keivan Javanshiri ◽

Maria Landqvist Waldö ◽

Niklas Friberg ◽

Fredrik Sjövall ◽

Karin Wickerström ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Mixed Dementia ◽

Dementia Prevalence

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Transtorno de ansiedade generalizada em idosos com oitenta anos ou mais

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-89102001000300013 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 294-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Flávio MF Xavier ◽

Marcos PT Ferraz ◽

Clarissa M Trenti ◽

Irani Argimon ◽

Paulo H Bertollucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Statistical Manual ◽

Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽

Dsm Iv

OBJETIVOS: Descrever a prevalência de transtorno de ansiedade generalizada (TAG) em uma população de idosos residentes em uma comunidade e com idade acima de 80 anos e comparar os padrões de sono, a função cognitiva e a taxa de prevalência de outros diagnósticos psiquiátricos entre controles normais e sujeitos com TAG. MÉTODOS: Para o diagnóstico de TAG, foram utilizados os critérios do "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (DSM-IV). Selecionou-se uma amostra randômica e representativa de 77 sujeitos (35%), residentes em uma comunidade, entre todos os idosos com idade acima de 80 anos do município Veranópolis, RS. Os padrões de sono foram aferidos pelo índice de qualidade de sono de Pittsburgh e pelo diário sobre sono/vigília a ser preenchido ao longo de duas semanas. Cinco testes neuropsicológicos foram usados na avaliação cognitiva: teste das lembranças seletivas de Buschke-Fuld; lista de palavras da bateria CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease); teste de fluência verbal e dois subtestes da escala de memória Wechsler. RESULTADOS: A prevalência estimada de TAG foi de 10,6%, cuja presença estava associada a uma maior ocorrência de depressão clinicamente diagnosticável, com um significativo maior número de sintomas depressivos, quando medidos pela escala de depressão geriátrica, e com uma maior ocorrência de depressão menor. Os padrões de sono e o funcionamento cognitivo, entre sujeitos com TAG, não estavam afetados. A gravidade das doenças físicas não variava entre sujeitos com TAG e os controles normais. A presença de TAG estava associada a um significativo pior padrão de qualidade de vida relativa à saúde. CONCLUSÃO: Em comparação com os estudos prévios, a prevalência de TAG é alta entre a população de idosos mais velhos. Esse transtorno ocorre em freqüente associação com a sintomatologia depressiva e também está associado a um pior padrão de qualidade de vida relativa à saúde.

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Dementia Disorders in a Birth Cohort Followed From Age 85 to 88: The Influence of Mortality, Refusal Rate, and Diagnostic Change on Prevalence

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s104161029700416x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 11-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ólafur Aevarsson ◽

Ingmar Skoog

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Severe Dementia ◽

Mild Dementia ◽

Refusal Rate ◽

Cerebrovascular Events ◽

Severe Degree ◽

Prevalence Of Dementia

The prevalence of dementia increased in women (from 31% to 46%) but not in men (from 27% to 25%) in a representative birth cohort followed from age 85 to 88. The increase was mostly attributed to a higher rate of new cases among women than among men. The proportion of moderate to severe dementia increased, and mild dementia decreased, mainly because of progression of mild dementias to severer forms and because most new cases were of moderate to severe degree. The proportion of vascular dementia was 47% at age 85 and 54% at 88 despite a higher mortality in vascular than in other dementias. Diagnosis changed to vascular dementia in 9 out of 31 cases of Alzheimer's disease because of new cerebrovascular events. This study illustrates that prevalence is influenced by several factors, such as number of new cases, refusal rate, diagnostic change, and mortality. These factors act in different directions and may differ between populations.

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Prevalence of dementia in an urban population in Kerala, India

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.186.2.136 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 186 (2) ◽

pp. 136-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

S. Shaji ◽

Srija Bose ◽

Abraham Verghese

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Health Problem ◽

Urban Population ◽

Important Health ◽

History Of ◽

Prevalence Of Dementia

BackgroundDementia is emerging as an important health problem of elderly people in India.AimsTo investigate the prevalence, psychosocial correlates and risk factors of various dementing disorders in an urban population in Kerala, southern India.MethodA door-to-door survey was conducted in the city of Kochi (Cochin) to identify residents aged ?65 years using cluster sampling. Of 1934 people screened with a vernacular adaptation of the Mini-Mental State Examination, all those scoring at or below the cut-off of 23 were evaluated further and those with confirmed cognitive and functional impairment were assigned diagnoses according to DSM–IV criteria. Identified cases were categorised by ICD–10 criteria. Ten percent of those screened as negative were evaluated at each stage.ResultsPrevalence of dementia was 33. 6 per 1000 (95% Cl 27.3–40.7). Alzheimer's disease was the most common type (54%) followed by vascular dementia (39%), and 7% of cases were due to causes such as infection, tumour and trauma. Family history of dementia was a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and history of hypertension was a risk factor for vascular dementia.ConclusionsDementia is an important health problem of the elderly population. Identification of risk factors points towards the possibility of prevention.

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