A mathematical modelling and experimental study of annular-radial type magnetorheological damper

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Elliza Tri Maharani ◽  
U. Ubaidillah ◽  
Fitrian Imaduddin ◽  
K.M. Wibowo ◽  
Dewi Utami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Passive Damper ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Active Damper ◽  
Force Displacement

An experimental study was undertaken to evaluate the mathematical modelling of the magnetorheological (MR) damper featuring annular radial gap on its valve. The experiment was conducted using a fatigue dynamic test machine under particular excitation frequency and amplitude to get force-velocity and force-displament characteristics. Meanwhile, the mathematical modelling was done using quasi-steady modelling approach. Simulation using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference (ANFIS) Algorithm (Gaussian and Generalized Bell) were also carried out to portray the damping force-displacement modelling that is used to compare with the experimental results. The experimental characteristics show that amplitudes excitation and current input affect the result damping force value. The comparison of the experimental and mathematical results presented in this paper shows a significant difference in damping force value and that the quasi-steady modelling could not significantly approach the damping force-velocity results. Moreover, the semi-active damper is compared to the passive damper. The results show that a semi-active damper performs better than a passive damper because it only requires a little power. Based on the damping force-displacement modelling, it can be seen that Gaussian has a higher accuracy rather than Generalized Bell. Discussion on the energy dissipation and equivalent damping coefficient were also accomodated in this paper. Having completed in mathematical modelling and simulation, the damper would be ready for further work in-vehicle application that is development of control system.

scholarly journals Static and Dynamic Experiment Evaluations of a Displacement Differential Self-Induced Magnetorheological Damper

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoliang Hu ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Mingke Liao ◽  
Weihua Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Piston Displacement ◽  
Dynamic Experiments

This paper presents the development of a novel magnetorheological damper (MRD) which has a self-induced ability. In this study, a linear variable differential sensor (LVDS) based on the electromagnetic induction mechanism was integrated with a conventional MRD. The structure of the displacement differential self-induced magnetorheological damper (DDSMRD) was developed, and the theory of displacement differential self-induced performance was deduced. The static experiments of the DDSMRD under different displacement positions were carried out by applying sine excitation signals to the excitation coils, and the experimental results show that the self-induced voltage is proportional to the damper piston displacement. Meanwhile, the dynamic experiments were also carried out using the fatigue test machine to investigate the change of the self-induced voltage under the typical direct current inputs and the different piston rod displacements; the experimental results also show that the self-induced voltage is proportional to the damper piston displacements. Additionally, the dynamic mechanical performance of the DDSMRD was evaluated. The theory deduction and the experimental results indicate that the proposed DDSMRD has the ability of the integrated displacement sensor in addition to the output controllable damping force.

Damping Force and Energy Regeneration Characteristics of the Regenerative Pendulum Vibration Absorber

2017 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 434-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skriptyan Noor Hidayatullah Syuhri ◽  
Nasrul Ilminnafik
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Vibration Absorber ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Energy Regeneration ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Force Displacement

This paper presents the characteristics of damping force and energy regeneration of a pendulum. The damping force analysis includes force-displacement and force velocity loops when the pendulum, attached in a cart, is subjected with sinusoidal displacement input. The energy regeneration analysis includes the voltage, the current and the power generated by a generator. The main objectives of this paper are to obtain the mathematical models and to characterize both force and energy regeneration based on the inputs. The results show that the amplitudes and the frequencies at low level are most likely basic damper behavior. Moreover, the energy regeneration increases as well as the amplitude and the frequency.

scholarly journals Robust Adaptive Control for an Aircraft Landing Gear Equipped with a Magnetorheological Damper

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quoc Viet Luong ◽  
Dae-Sung Jang ◽  
Jai-Hyuk Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Landing Gear ◽  
Robust Adaptive Control ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Parametric Uncertainties ◽  
Active System ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Passive Damper ◽  
Robust Adaptive

A landing gear of an aircraft is required to function at touchdown in different landing scenarios with parametric uncertainties. A typical passive damper in a landing gear has limited performance in differing landing scenarios, which can be overcome with magnetorheological (MR) dampers. An MR damper is a semi-active system that can adjust damping force by changing the amount of electric current applied to it. This paper proposes a new robust controller based on model reference sliding mode control and adaptive hybrid control to improve the efficiency of absorbing landing impact energy, not only considering the variables of aircraft weight and sink speed but also managing uncertainties, such as ambient temperature and passive damping coefficient. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller, comparative numerical simulations were performed with a passive damper, a skyhook controller, and the proposed controller under various landing scenarios. The simulation results show that the proposed controller improves the total energy absorber efficiency by up to 10% higher than that of the skyhook controller. In addition, the proposed controller is demonstrated to have better adaptability and robustness than the other control algorithms in the differing landing scenarios and parametric uncertainties.

scholarly journals Research on Theoretical Modeling and Parameter Sensitivity of a Single-Rod Double-Cylinder and Double-Coil Magnetorheological Damper

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Suojun Hou ◽  
Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Force ◽  
Mr Damper ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Inertia Force ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Force Displacement ◽  
Bond Graph Theory

For the single-rod double-cylinder and double-coil magnetorheological (MR) damper studied in this paper, the damping force model of the damper is established by adopting multidisciplinary domain modeling method bond graph theory. Firstly, combined with the structure of the MR damper, the bond graph model of the MR damper was established, the damping force model of the damper was derived through the bond graph theory, and the influence factors, such as the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the damper were considered in the model. Based on the simulation of force-displacement and force-velocity characteristics of the damping force carried out by the damper theoretical model under different currents and velocities as well as the comparison with the damper bench test results, it was found that the force-displacement and force-velocity characteristic experiment curves of the damper agreed well with the simulation results. Under different working conditions, the maximum error of damping force of the MR damper was 7.2%. The damping force model of the MR damper studied in this paper was compared with that of the damper without considering the inertia force of MR fluid, and the influence of the inertia force of MR fluid on the damping force of the MR damper was analyzed. The results show that when the frequency of the damper is large, the inertial force of MR fluid has an important influence on the damping force; therefore, considering the inertial force of MR fluid in the model can greatly improve the accuracy of the model. The influence degree of key parameters on the damping force of the MR damper was studied through the theoretical model; such key parameters ranging from large to small were the channel clearance, energizing current, piston diameter, motion velocity, channel length, zero-field viscosity of MR fluid, and nitrogen pressure. This provides a basis for the adjustment of the damping force of the MR damper.

Study the Potential Application of Smart Fluid Material and Force Tracking Control of Magnetorheological Damper

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
Mohd Hanif Harun ◽  
Wan M. Zailimi Wan Abdullah ◽  
Hishamuddin Jamaluddin ◽  
Roslan Ab Rahman ◽  
Khisbullah Hudha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Application ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Mr Damper ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Continuous State ◽  
Force Tracking ◽  
Linear Behaviour ◽  
Active Damper ◽  
Vehicle Suspension System

The aim of this paper is to study the potential application of magnetorhelogical (MR) fluid as a smart material used in semi-active damper of a vehicle suspension system. An MR damper was designed and fabricated and tested in the laboratory using damper test machine. The non-linear behaviour of the MR damper is modelled using third order polynomial model based on experimental data. Force tracking control is carried out in order to track the ability of the MR damper to produce force as close as possible with the desired force. Continuous state control is chosen for the inner loop controller of the MR damper. The performance of the proposed controller as a force-tracking controller is compared with the desired force produced by vehicle system. The results of the study shows that the proposed controller is able to track the desired force successfully.

scholarly journals Effect of Fuzzy Logic Based-Skyhook Policy with Particle Swarm Optimization for Semi-Active Ride Comfort

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mat Hussin Ab Talib ◽  
Intan Zaurah Mat Darus ◽  
Pakharuddin Mohd Samin
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Logic Control ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Spencer Model ◽  
Force Displacement

This paper presents the effect of the fuzzy logic based-skyhook policy tuned using particle swarm optimization (FLSP-PSO) for semi-active ride comfort of quarter vehicle model. Spencer model was used to represent the magnetorheological damper model and its behavior was investigated in the form of force-displacement and force-velocity characteristics. The fuzzy logic control adopted with the skyhook policy based on Sugeno-type fuzzy was used to enhance the ride performance. An intelligent evolutionary algorithm known as the particle swarm optimization was also adapted in the proposed controller to compute the fuzzy gain scaling. The performance of the FLSP-PSO controller is compared to other controller responses. The effect of the PSO techniques to optimize the FLPS parameters gives a better performance and able to improve the vehicle ride comfort than its counterparts.  

scholarly journals Design of a frictionless magnetorheological damper with a high dynamic force range

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 168781401982744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Macháček ◽  
Michal Kubík ◽  
Zbyněk Strecker ◽  
Jakub Roupec ◽  
Ivan Mazůrek
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Damping Control ◽  
Metal Bellows ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Force Range ◽  
Magnetorheological Valve ◽  
Rod Seals

This article discusses an increase in dynamic force range in a spring–damper unit achieved by elimination of sealings’ friction. This friction is a part of damping force that cannot be controlled; therefore, it is undesirable in magnetorheological dampers. A new design of a magnetorheological damper with no friction force is described and compared with a traditional magnetorheological damper consisting of a piston and piston rod seals. In the traditional design, fluid is forced to flow by a hydraulic cylinder with high friction caused by sealings. In order to eliminate this friction, a frictionless unit made of metal bellows was designed. Elastic metal bellows can be sealed only by static seals. The measurement of force–velocity dependency was carried out for the original and the new damper with the same magnetorheological valve. The results indicate that the frictionless unit exhibits a significant improvement in the dynamic force range. In the case of adaptive-passive damping control, the increase in the dynamic force range enables the improvement of vibration elimination in the entire frequency range.

scholarly journals Intelligent Control Based on a Neural Network for Aircraft Landing Gear with a Magnetorheological Damper in Different Landing Scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quoc Viet Luong ◽  
Dae-Sung Jang ◽  
Jai-Hyuk Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Mr Damper ◽  
Landing Gear ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Hybrid Controller ◽  
Aircraft Landing ◽  
Neural Network Controller ◽  
Passive Damper ◽  
Aircraft Landing Gear

A typical oleo-pneumatic shock-absorbing strut (classic traditional passive damper) in aircraft landing gear has a metering pin extending through the orifice, which can vary the orifice area with the compression and extension of the damper strut. Because the metering pin is designed in a single landing condition, the traditional passive damper cannot adjust its damping force in multiple landing conditions. Magnetorheological (MR) dampers have been receiving significant attention as an alternative to traditional passive dampers. An MR damper, which is a typical semi-active suspension system, can control the damping force created by MR fluid under the magnetic field. Thus, it can be controlled by electric current. This paper adopts a neural network controller trained by two different methods, which are genetic algorithm and policy gradient estimation, for aircraft landing gear with an MR damper that considers different landing scenarios. The controller learns from a large number of trials, and accordingly, the main advantage is that it runs autonomously without requiring system knowledge. Moreover, comparative numerical simulations are executed with a passive damper and adaptive hybrid controller under various aircraft masses and sink speeds for verifying the effectiveness of the proposed controller. The main simulation results show that the proposed controller exhibits comparable performance to the adaptive hybrid controller without any needs for the online estimation of landing conditions.

A Comparative Study of the Damping Force and Energy Absorbtion Capacity of Regenerative and Conventional-Viscous Shock Absorber of Vehicle Suspension

2015 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Harus Laksana Guntur ◽  
Wiwiek Hendrowati
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Shock Absorber ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Vehicle Suspension ◽  
Friction Damper ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Elliptical Area ◽  
Regenerative Shock Absorber ◽  
Force Displacement

This paper presents a comparative study of the damping force and energy absorbtion capacity of a typical conventional-viscous and a regenerative shock absorber for vehicle suspension. Regenerative shock absorber (RSA) is a shock absorber which can regenerate the dissipated vibration energy from vehicle suspension into electricity. In this research, a prototype of regenerative shock absorber was developed, its damping force and energy absorbtion capacity were tested, and the results were analized and compared with those of a typical conventional-viscous shock absorber. The regenerative and viscous shock absorber were compressed and extended in various excitation frequency using damping force testing equipment to obtain force-velocity and the force-displacement curves. The force-velocity and force-displacement curves indicate the damping force and energy absorbtion capacity of the shock absorber. The results show that the damping force of the typical-viscous shock absorber closed to linear at all exciation frequencies. For regenerative shock absorber, nonlinearity and large hysteresis area of the damping force occur at all excitation frequencies. Further, the energy absorbtion capacity of the typical-viscous shock absorber shows an elliptical area with the compression part bigger than the extension one, while those of the regenerative shock absorber shows an asymmetric square area, which indicates a smaller energy absorbtion capacity. These phenomena indicate the significant effect of implementing dry friction damper and elctrical damper to the characteristics of regenerative shock absorber.

Instrumentation for Measurement of Lingual Strength

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois Joan Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Displacement Transducer ◽  
Tongue Pressure ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pressure Unit ◽  
Force Displacement ◽  
Consistent Response

A tongue pressure unit for measurement of lingual strength and patterns of tongue pressure is described. It consists of a force displacement transducer, a single channel, direct writing recording system, and a specially designed tongue pressure disk, head stabilizer, and pressure unit holder. Calibration with known weights indicated an essentially linear and consistent response. An evaluation of subject reliability in which 17 young adults were tested on two occasions revealed no significant difference in maximum pressure exerted during the two test trials. Suggestions for clinical and research use of the instrumentation are noted.

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