Parkinson’s Disease Progression and Statins: Hydrophobicity Matters

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mechelle M. Lewis ◽  
Richard M. Albertson ◽  
Guangwei Du ◽  
Lan Kong ◽  
Andrew Foy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Lipophilic Statin ◽  
Hydrophilic Statin ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms ◽  
Statin Use

Background: Recent randomized clinical trials using hydrophobic statins reported no influence on Parkinson’s disease (PD) clinical progression. Hydrophobicity is a key determinant for blood-brain barrier penetrance. Objective: Investigate a potential effect of statins on PD progression. Methods: Statin use was determined at baseline and subtyped according to hydrophobicity in 125 PD patients participated PD Biomarker Program (PDBP, 2012–2015) at our site. Clinical (N = 125) and susceptibility MRI (N = 86) data were obtained at baseline and 18-months. Movement Disorders Society-Unified PD Rating Scales were used to track progression of non-motor (MDS-UPDRS-I) and motor (MDS-UPDRS-II) symptoms, and rater-based scores (MDS-UPDRS-III) of patients in the “on” drug state. R2 * values were used to capture pathological progression in the substantia nigra. Associations between statin use, its subtypes, and PD progression were evaluated with linear mixed effect regressions. Results: Compared to statin non-users, overall statin or lipophilic statin use did not significantly influence PD clinical or imaging progression. Hydrophilic statin users, however, demonstrated faster clinical progression of non-motor symptoms [MDS-UPDRS-I (β= 4.8, p = 0.010)] and nigral R2 * (β= 3.7, p = 0.043). A similar trend was found for MDS-UPDRS-II (β= 3.9, p = 0.10), but an opposite trend was observed for rater-based MDS-UPDRS-III (β= –7.3, p = 0.10). Compared to lipophilic statin users, hydrophilic statin users also showed significantly faster clinical progression of non-motor symptoms [MDS-UPDRS-I (β= 5.0, p = 0.020)], but R2 * did not reach statistical significance (β= 2.5, p = 0.24). Conclusion: This study suggests that hydrophilic, but not lipophilic, statins may be associated with faster PD progression. Future studies may have clinical and scientific implications.

scholarly journals Alexithymia and Apathy in Parkinson’s Disease: Neurocognitive Correlates

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yelena Bogdanova ◽  
Alice Cronin-Golomb
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Non-motor symptoms such as neuropsychiatric and cognitive dysfunction have been found to be common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) but the relation between such symptoms is poorly understood. We focused on alexithymia, an impairment of affective and cognitive emotional processing, as there is evidence for its interaction with cognition in other disorders. Twenty-two non-demented PD patients and 22 matched normal control adults (NC) were administered rating scales assessing neuropsychiatric status, including alexithymia, apathy, and depression, and a series of neuropsychological tests. As expected, PD patients showed more alexithymia than NC, and there was a significant association between alexithymia and disease stage. Alexithymia was associated with performance on non-verbally mediated measures of executive and visuospatial function, but not on verbally mediated tasks. By contrast, there was no correlation between cognition and ratings of either depression or apathy. Our findings demonstrate a distinct association of alexithymia with non-verbal cognition in PD, implicating right hemisphere processes, and differentiate between alexithymia and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in regard to PD cognition.

scholarly journals Increased substantia nigra echogenicity correlated with visual hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease: a Chinese population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Jing Shi ◽  
Bin Qin ◽  
Dongsheng Fan ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

AbstractAs a noninvasive technique, transcranial sonography (TCS) of substantia nigra (SN) has gradually showed its effectiveness not only in diagnosis but also in understanding clinical features of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). This study aimed to further evaluate TCS for clinical diagnosis of PD, and to explore the association between sonographic manifestations and visual hallucinations (VH). A total of 226 subjects including 141 PD patients and 85 controls were recruited. All participants received TCS. A series of rating scales to evaluate motor and non-motor symptoms were performed in PD patients. Results showed that 172 subjects were successfully assessed by TCS. The area of SN was greater in PD patients than that in controls (P < 0.001). As receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed, the best cutoff value for the larger SN echogenicity size was 23.5 mm2 (sensitivity 70.3%, specificity 77.0%). Patients with VH had larger SN area (P = 0.019), as well as higher Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) scores (P = 0.018). Moreover, binary logistic regression analysis indicated that SN hyperechogenicity (odds ratio = 4.227, P = 0.012) and NMSS scores (odds ratio = 0.027, P = 0.042) could be the independent predictors for VH. In conclusion, TCS can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for Parkinson’s disease. Increased SN echogenicity is correlated with VH in Parkinson’s disease, possibly because the brain stem is involved in the mechanism in the onset of VH. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals CuNA: Cumulant-based Network Analysis of genotype-phenotype associations in Parkinson's Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aritra Bose ◽  
Daniel E. Platt ◽  
Niina Haiminen ◽  
LAXMI PARIDA
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Clinical Phenotype ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Phenotype Data ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by loss of striatal dopaminergic neurons. Progression of PD is usually captured by a host of clinical features represented in different rating scales. PD diagnosis is associated with a broad spectrum of non-motor symptoms such as depression, sleep disorder as well as motor symptoms such as movement impairment, etc. The variability within the clinical phenotype of PD makes detection of the genes associated with early onset PD a difficult task. To address this issue, we developed CuNA, a cumulant-based network analysis algorithm that creates a network from higher-order relationships between eQTLs and phenotypes as captured by cumulants. We also designed a multi-omics simulator, CuNAsim to test CuNA's qualitative accuracy. CuNA accurately detects communities of clinical phenotypes and finds genes associated with them. When applied on PD data, we find previously unreported genes INPP5J, SAMD1 and OR4K13 associated with symptoms of PD affecting the kidney, muscles and olfaction. CuNA provides a framework to integrate and analyze RNA-seq, genotype and clinical phenotype data from complex diseases for more targeted diagnostic and therapeutic solutions in personalized medicine. CuNA and CuNAsim binaries are available upon request.

scholarly journals Depression Is Associated With Constipation in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Xiao-ling ◽  
Chen Gang ◽  
Lu Bo ◽  
Li Zai-li ◽  
Liu Xue-kui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Objective: Constipation is one of the most frequent non-motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD), causing great disturbance to patients. The present study investigated the prevalence and the clinical features of constipation in patients with PD and explored the difference between prodromal and clinical constipation of PD.Methods: A total of 186 patients with PD were recruited into this study. Subjective constipation was defined by ROME III criteria. Demographic and PD-related clinical information of the participants were collected. The PD patients were objectively assessed by a spectrum of rating scales of motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms, and quality of life.Results: In total, 51.61% (96/186) of PD patients suffer from constipation. Compared with patients without constipation, the patients with constipation were prone to have restless leg syndrome, depression, and anxiety and have higher scores of the non-motor symptoms scale. Among patients with constipation, 21.88% (21/96) patients had constipation in prodromal stage. Compared with patients with constipation in clinical stage, patients with prodromal constipation had a lower age of constipation onset (56.48 ± 9.63 and 65.26 ± 8.42, χ2 = 4.091, P &lt; 0.001), longer timespan from constipation onset to motor symptom onset (6.62 ± 3.91 and 3.18 ± 2.13, χ2 = −3.877, P = 0.001). Patients with prodromal constipation were predominantly tremor onset (χ2 = 4.405, P = 0.044) and usually had a better quality of life [28 (14.50–37.5) and 40 (25.0–55.0), χ2 = 2.011, P = 0.046]. Depression was the only risk factor of constipation in PD patients. Body mass index, depression, and anxiety were factors that affected the life quality in patients with constipation.Conclusions: Our results supported the high incidence of constipation in patients with PD and that, in some patients, constipation occurred before the onset of motor symptoms. The specific clinical characteristics of patients with constipation and with prodromal constipation help to make early diagnosis, to discover the relationship between constipation and PD, and to further explore the pathogenesis of this degenerative disease.

scholarly journals The Parkinson’s Real-World Impact Assessment (PRISM) Study: A European Survey of the Burden of Parkinson’s Disease in Patients and their Carers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Eduardo Tolosa ◽  
Georg Ebersbach ◽  
Joaquim J. Ferreira ◽  
Olivier Rascol ◽  
Angelo Antonini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Real World ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Background: A greater understanding of the everyday experiences of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and their carers may help improve clinical practice. Objective: The Parkinson’s Real-world Impact assesSMent (PRISM) study evaluated medication use, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the use of healthcare resources by people with PD and their carers. Methods: PRISM is an observational cross-sectional study, in which people with PD and their carers completed an online survey using structured questionnaires, including the Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQ-39), Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire (NMSQuest) and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Results: Data were collected from 861 people with PD (mean age, 65.0 years; mean disease duration, 7.7 years) and 256 carers from six European countries. People with PD reported a large number of different co-morbidities, non-motor symptoms (mean NMSQuest score, 12.8), and impaired HRQoL (median PDQ-39 summary score, 29.1). Forty-five percent of people with PD reported at least one impulse control behaviour. Treatment patterns varied considerably between different European countries. Levodopa was taken in the last 12 months by 85.9% of participants, and as monotherapy by 21.8% . Carers, who were mostly female (64.8%) and the partner/spouse of the person with PD (82.1%), reported mild to moderate burden (mean ZBI total score, 26.6). Conclusions: The PRISM study sheds light on the lives of people with PD and those who care for them, re-emphasising the many challenges they face in everyday life. The study also provides insights into the current treatment of PD in Europe.

scholarly journals Study of cognitive impairment and genetic polymorphism of SLC41A1 (rs11240569 allele) in Parkinson’s disease in Upper Egypt: case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy N. El-Tallawy ◽  
Tahia H. Saleem ◽  
Wafaa M. Farghaly ◽  
Heba Mohamed Saad Eldien ◽  
Ashraf Khodaery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease is one of the neurodegenerative disorders that is caused by genetic and environmental factors or interaction between them. Solute carrier family 41 member 1 within the PARK16 locus has been reported to be associated with Parkinson’s disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the non-motor symptoms that is considered a challenge in Parkinson’s disease patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of rs11240569 polymorphism; a synonymous coding variant in SLC41A1 in Parkinson’s disease patients in addition to the assessment of cognitive impairment in those patients. Results In a case -control study, rs11240569 single nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC41A1, genes were genotyped in 48 Parkinson’s disease patients and 48 controls. Motor and non-motor performance in Parkinson's disease patients were assessed by using the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). The genotype and allele frequencies were compared between the two groups and revealed no significant differences between case and control groups for rs11240569 in SLC41A1 gene with P value .523 and .54, respectively. Cognition was evaluated and showed the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of WAIS score of PD patients 80.4 ± 9.13 and the range was from 61 to 105, in addition to MMSE that showed mean ± SD 21.96 ± 3.8. Conclusion Genetic testing of the present study showed that rs11240569 polymorphism of SLC41A1 gene has no significant differences in distributions of alleles and genotypes between cases and control group, in addition to cognitive impairment that is present in a large proportion of PD patients and in addition to the strong correlation between cognitive impairment and motor and non-motor symptoms progression.

scholarly journals Weeding through the haze: a survey on cannabis use among people living with Parkinson’s disease in the US

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan P. Feeney ◽  
Danny Bega ◽  
Benzi M. Kluger ◽  
A. Jon Stoessl ◽  
Christiana M. Evers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
The Us ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

AbstractSymptomatic management of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is complex and many symptoms, especially non-motor symptoms, are not effectively addressed with current medications. In the US, cannabis has become more widely available for medical and recreational use, permitting those in the PD community to try alternative means of symptom control. However, little is known about the attitudes towards, and experiences with, cannabis use among those living with PD. To address this shortcoming, we distributed an anonymous survey to 7,607 people with PD in January 2020 and received 1339 responses (17.6%). 1064 complete responses were available for analysis. Respondents represented 49 states with a mean age of 71.2 years (±8.3) and mean PD duration of 7.4 years (±6.2). About a quarter of respondents (24.5%) reported cannabis use within the previous six months. Age and gender were found to be predictors of cannabis use in this sample (Age OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.97; Male OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.03). Users reported learning about cannabis use from the internet/news (30.5%) and friends or other people with PD (26.0%). Cannabis users were more likely to report insufficient control of their non-motor symptoms with prescription medications than non-users (p = 0.03). Cannabis was primarily used for PD (63.6%) and was most often used to treat nonmotor symptoms of anxiety (45.5%), pain (44.0%), and sleep disorders (44.0%). However, nearly a quarter of users (23.0%) also reported they had stopped cannabis use in the previous six months, primarily due to a lack of symptom improvement (35.5%). Three quarters of respondents (75.5%) did not use cannabis, primarily because there was a lack of scientific evidence supporting efficacy (59.9%). Our results suggest that the lack of formal guidance or research evidence about cannabis for PD may in part underlie inconsistencies in both use and reported effectiveness.

scholarly journals A mobile app for tracking non-motor symptoms of people with Parkinson’s disease: A usability study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 890-890
Author(s):  
JuHee Lee ◽  
Yujin Suh ◽  
Yielin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Telephone Counseling ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Hand Tremor ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Abstract Smart phone-based technology for people with Parkinson’s disease has been developed worldwide. Unmonitored non-motor symptoms decrease quality of life of people with Parkinson’s disease, so the needs for technology to manage non-motor symptoms are increasing. The technology is needed to detect subtle changes in non-motor symptoms by healthcare professional. There is no mobile app which manage comprehensive symptoms of Parkinson’s disease including non-motor symptoms. It is necessary to develop a new tracking system that can effectively manage non-motor symptoms as well as motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. We developed a prototype of mobile app for Android smartphones, with cooperation with Mazelone company. we also have shaped functions for monitoring of motor symptoms and medication adherence. It also provided a section for caregivers to use on behalf of people with Parkinson’s disease who have difficulty to use app due to hand tremor. Through Delphi technique, we obtained content validity from eight medical and nursing experts on the contents of the application. We provided regular telephone counseling to improve and encourage their app usage. Fifteen participants used the app for 6 weeks. To evaluate usability of mobile app, we provided constructed questionnaire and conducted individual telephone interview. A mobile app for tracking non-motor symptoms demonstrated high usability and satisfaction. We learned lessons about facilitators and barriers when implementing an app such as perception and acceptance of mobile technology. The mobile app will improve continuum of care. Future studies need to improve the contents and refine technical approach for people with Parkinson’s disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of fecal microbiota transplantation in Parkinson's disease patients with constipation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-yi Kuai ◽  
Xiao-han Yao ◽  
Li-juan Xu ◽  
Yu-qing Zhou ◽  
Li-ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and 70–80% of PD patients suffer from gastrointestinal dysfunction such as constipation. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for treating PD related to gastrointestinal dysfunction. We conducted a prospective, single- study. Eleven patients with PD received FMT. Fecal samples were collected before and after FMT and subjected to 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene sequencing. Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) grade, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) score, and the Non-Motion Symptom Questionnaire (NMSS) were used to assess improvements in motor and non-motor symptoms. PAC-QOL score and Wexner constipation score were used to assess the patient's constipation symptoms. All patients were tested by the small intestine breath hydrogen test, performed before and after FMT. Community richness (chao) and microbial structure in before-FMT PD patients were significantly different from the after-FMT. We observed an increased abundance of Blautia and Prevotella in PD patients after FMT, while the abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased dramatically. After FMT, the H-Y grade, UPDRS, and NMSS of PD patients decreased significantly. Through the lactulose H2 breath test, the intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in PD patients returned to normal. The PAC-QOL score and Wexner constipation score in after-FMT patients decreased significantly. Our study profiles specific characteristics and microbial dysbiosis in the gut of PD patients. FMT might be a therapeutic potential for reconstructing the gut microbiota of PD patients and improving their motor and non-motor symptoms.

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