Risk factors for functional deterioration in a cohort with late effects of poliomyelitis: A ten-year follow-up study

BACKGROUND: More than 7000 patients developed poliomyelitis during the main epidemic in the fifties in Israel. In recent years, there is a further deterioration in their condition due to accelerated aging process and post-polio syndrome. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk factors for the progression of functional status in a cohort of patients with late effect of poliomyelitis over a period of ten years. METHODS: A cross-sectional cohort study including 82 individuals with late effect of poliomyelitis evaluated over ten years. Mean age was 67±8.5 years, 52.4%were men and 79.3%were Jewish. Functional status was evaluated by activities of daily living (ADL) questionnaire. Risk factors, including general comorbidities, history of poliomyelitis infection, use of assistive devices, employment, and physical activity statuses were evaluated using specific questionnaires. RESULTS: Independence in ADL functions deteriorated significantly over ten years. Older age, ethnicity, use of a wheelchair, and use of orthotic devices in childhood were risk factors for deterioration in ADL function. No correlation was found between the presence of other comorbidities or poliomyelitis parameters and worsening of ADL functions. CONCLUSIONS: Late effect of poliomyelitis was associated with deterioration in ADL functions probably due to the combined effect of the initial severity of the paralytic poliomyelitis symptoms and accelerated aging.

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Psychological Resilience Provides No Independent Protection From Suicidal Risk

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000364 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 130-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Danica W. Y. Liu ◽

A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽

Richard Burns ◽

Rachel M. Roberts ◽

Kaarin J. Anstey

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Well Being ◽

Current Status ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Life Project ◽

Resilience Factors ◽

First Time

Abstract. Background: Little is known about the role of resilience in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (SI) over time. Aims: We examined the association between resilience and SI in a young-adult cohort over 4 years. Our objectives were to determine whether resilience was associated with SI at follow-up or, conversely, whether SI was associated with lowered resilience at follow-up. Method: Participants were selected from the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project from Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia, aged 28–32 years at the first time point and 32–36 at the second. Multinomial, linear, and binary regression analyses explored the association between resilience and SI over two time points. Models were adjusted for suicidality risk factors. Results: While unadjusted analyses identified associations between resilience and SI, these effects were fully explained by the inclusion of other suicidality risk factors. Conclusion: Despite strong cross-sectional associations, resilience and SI appear to be unrelated in a longitudinal context, once risk/resilience factors are controlled for. As independent indicators of psychological well-being, suicidality and resilience are essential if current status is to be captured. However, the addition of other factors (e.g., support, mastery) makes this association tenuous. Consequently, resilience per se may not be protective of SI.

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POS1015 ANTI-TNF DRUGS AND CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH SPONDYLOARTHRITIS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.4133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 775.2-776

Author(s):

C. W. S. Chan ◽

P. H. LI ◽

C. S. Lau ◽

H. Y. Chung

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cerebrovascular Events ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Background:Cardiovascular (CVS) diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and patients with rheumatic diseases have an increased CVS risk including stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) (1-3). CVS risk factors and CVS events are common in SpA (4). Delineating the CVS risk and the association with medications in patients with SpA would be useful.Objectives:The objective of this study was to delineate the CVS risk and the association with medications in patients with SpA.Methods:Patients with SpA and patients with non-specific back pain (NSBP) were identified in rheumatology and orthopedics clinics respectively. Clinical information and CVS events were retrieved. Incidence rates were calculated. Association analysis was performed to determine the CVS risk of SpA and other modifiable risk factors.Results:A total of 5046 patients (SpA 2616 and NSBP 2430) were included from eight centers. Over 56 484 person-years of follow-up, 160 strokes, 84 MI and 262 major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were identified. Hypercholesterolemia was more prevalent in SpA (SpA 34.2%, NSBP 28.7%, P<0.01). Crude incidence rates of stroke and MI were higher in SpA patients. SpA was associated with a higher risk of MACE (HR 1.66, 95%CI 1.22-2.27, P<0.01) and cerebrovascular events (HR 1.42, 95%CI 1.01-2.00, p=0.04). The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs was associated with a reduced risk of MACE (HR 0.37, 95%CI 0.17-0.80, P=0.01) and cerebrovascular events (HR 0.21, 95%CI 0.06-0.78, P=0.02).Conclusion:SpA is an independent CVS risk factor. Anti-TNF drugs were associated with a reduced CVS risk in these patients.References:[1]Crowson CS, Liao KP, Davis JM, 3rd, Solomon DH, Matteson EL, Knutson KL, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease. Am Heart J. 2013;166(4):622-8 e1.[2]Verhoeven F, Prati C, Demougeot C, Wendling D. Cardiovascular risk in psoriatic arthritis, a narrative review. Joint Bone Spine. 2020;87(5):413-8.[3]Liew JW, Ramiro S, Gensler LS. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018;32(3):369-89.[4]Molto A, Etcheto A, van der Heijde D, Landewe R, van den Bosch F, Bautista Molano W, et al. Prevalence of comorbidities and evaluation of their screening in spondyloarthritis: results of the international cross-sectional ASAS-COMOSPA study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75(6):1016-23.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

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THU0254 Risk factors for back pain in a cross sectional and in a one-year follow up study in nurses

10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.798 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

M Brzosko ◽

I Fiedorowicz-Fabrycy ◽

J Fliciñski ◽

H Przepiera-Bêdzak ◽

K Prajs

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Back Pain ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

One Year

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Prevalence of bone fracture and its association with severe hypoglycemia in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-002099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e002099

Author(s):

Yuji Komorita ◽

Masae Minami ◽

Yasutaka Maeda ◽

Rie Yoshioka ◽

Toshiaki Ohkuma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Fracture Risk ◽

Bone Fracture ◽

Severe Hypoglycemia ◽

Japanese Patients ◽

Anatomic Site ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

IntroductionType 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with higher fracture risk. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between severe hypoglycemia and fracture risk in patients with T1D, and the results are controversial. Besides, none has investigated the risk factors for fracture in Asian patients with T1D. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of bone fracture and its relationship between severe hypoglycemia and other risk factors in Japanese patients with T1D.Research design and methodsThe single-center cross-sectional study enrolled 388 Japanese patients with T1D (mean age, 45.2 years; women, 60.4%; mean duration of diabetes, 16.6 years) between October 2019 and April 2020. The occurrence and circumstances of any fracture after the diagnosis of T1D were identified using a self-administered questionnaire. The main outcomes were any anatomic site of fracture and fall-related fracture. Severe hypoglycemia was defined as an episode of hypoglycemia that required the assistance of others to achieve recovery.ResultsA total of 92 fractures occurred in 64 patients, and 59 fractures (64%) were fall-related. Only one participant experienced fracture within the 10 years following their diagnosis of diabetes. In logistic regression analysis, the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of a history of severe hypoglycemia were 2.11 (1.11 to 4.09) for any fracture and 1.91 (0.93 to 4.02) for fall-related fracture. Fourteen of 18 participants with multiple episodes of any type of fracture had a history of severe hypoglycemia (p<0.001 vs no fracture).ConclusionsWe have shown that a history of severe hypoglycemia is significantly associated with a higher risk of bone fracture in Japanese patients with T1D.

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Analysis of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Hospitalized Stroke Patients of Bangladesh

Faridpur Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 19-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

AM Hossain ◽

NU Ahmed ◽

M Rahman ◽

MR Islam ◽

G Sadhya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽

Low Income ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Previous History ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for stroke in hospitalized patient in a medical college hospital. 100 patients were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both urban (54%) and rural (46%) areas and most of them belong to the low-income group (47%). In occupational category; service holder (28%) and retired person (21%) were the highest groups. Most of the study subjects were literate (63%). CT scan study revealed that the incidence of ischaemic stroke was 61% and haemorrhagic stroke 39%. Analysis indicated hypertension as major risk factor for stroke (63%) and major portion of the patients (42.85%) were on irregular or no treatment. Twenty four percent of the patients had heart diseases and out of 24 patients 45.83% were suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study detected diabetes in 21% patients. Fifty three percent of the study subjects were smoker, 39% patients had habit of betelnut chewing. Out of 26 female patients, only 23% had history of using oral contraceptives. Majority of the patients were sedentary workers (46%). Thirty seven percent of the stroke patients were obese. Among the stroke patients 9% had previous history of stroke and 3% had TIA respectively. Most of the patients (21%) were awake while they suffered from stroke and the time of occurrence was mostly in the afternoon (46%). This study found that hypertension, cigarette smoking, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study. Key words: stroke; risk factors; hospitalized patients; Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 19-23

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Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic and Lipid Levels in Ambulatory Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2020/5901569 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oliver Okoth Achila ◽

Millen Ghebretinsae ◽

Abraham Kidane ◽

Michael Simon ◽

Shewit Makonen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Specific Lipid

Objective. There is a dearth of relevant research on the rapidly evolving epidemic of diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in sub-Saharan Africa. To address some of these issues in the Eritrean context, we conducted a cross-sectional study on glycemic and lipid profiles and associated risk factors. Methods. A total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular follow-up at the Diabetic and Hypertensive Department at Halibet Regional Referral Hospital, Asmara, were enrolled for the study. Data on specific clinical chemistry and anthropomorphic parameters was collected. Chi-squared (χ2) test or Fischer’s exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Multivariate logistic regression (backward: conditional) was undertaken to identify the factors associated with increased odds of suboptimal values in glucose and specific lipid panel subfractions. Results. High proportions of patients (76.7%) had suboptimal levels of HbA1c with a mean±SD of 8.6%±1.36, respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, the likelihood of HbA1c≥7% was higher in patients with abnormal WHR (AOR=3.01, 95% CI, 3.01 (1.15–7.92=0.024)) and in patients without hypertension (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.06–3.56), p=0.021). A unit reduction in eGFR was also associated with HbA1c≥7% (AOR=0.99, 95% CI (0.98–1=0.031)). In a separate analysis, the data shows that 80.9% of the patients had dyslipidemia. In particular, 62.1% of the patients had TC≥200 mg/dL (risk factors: sex, hypertension, and HbA1c concentration), 81.6% had LDL‐C≥100 mg/dL (risk factors: sex and hypertension), 56.3% had TG≥150 (risk factors: sex, HbA1c, and waist circumference), 62.8% had abnormal HDL-C (risk factors: waist circumference), 78.3% had non‐HDL<130 mg/dL (risk factors: duration of disease, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c), and 45.3% had abnormal TG/HDL (risk factors: sex, age of patient, FPG, and waist circumference). Conclusions. The quality of care, as measured by glycemic and specific lipid targets, in this setting is suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for simultaneous improvements in both indicators. This will require evidence-based optimization of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. Therefore, additional studies, preferably longitudinal studies with long follow-up, are required on multiple aspects of DM.

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The Cross-Sectional Determinants of Secessionism in Advanced Democracies

Comparative Political Studies ◽

10.1177/0010414004272538 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 304-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Jason Sorens

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Ethnic Identity ◽

Ethnic Conflict ◽

Political System ◽

Regional Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Regional Language ◽

History Of ◽

Advanced Democracies

This article analyzes the “risk factors” of secessionism at the substate, regional level. It seeks to answer the question, What regions are more likely to support more successful secessionist parties? Using new data in cross-sectional regression analysis, the author finds that secessionism involves unique factors not common to other kinds of ethnic conflict. Specifically, in addition to “identity” variables such as regional language and history of independence, the following variables explain secessionist strength: lack of irredentist potential, relative affluence, geographical noncontiguity, population, and multiparty political system. These factors generally serve as activators of ethnic identity rather than a substitute for the same, although there are important cases of nonethnic secessionism.

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Abstract WP244: Applicability of the Compass Trial Criteria Among Stable Outpatients With Established Atherothrombotic Disease or Major Risk Factors

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.wp244 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Cantu-Brito ◽

Erwin Chiquete ◽

Jose L Ruiz-Sandoval ◽

Fernando Flores-Silva

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Selection Criteria ◽

Vascular Risk Factors ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Vascular Risk ◽

Similar Frequency ◽

History Of ◽

Atherothrombotic Disease

Background and Purpose: The objective of this study were to describe the proportion of patients eligible for the COMPASS trial among stable outpatients with either established atherothrombotic disease or major vascular risk factors, and to analyze 6-month incident stroke risk according vascular risk factors at baseline. Methods: We prospectively recruited 5,101 stable outpatients in 172 sites, within the Mexican INDAGA cohort study. Inclusion criteria were age >18 years and established atherothrombotic disease [history of either acute coronary syndromes (ACS), acute ischemic stroke (AIS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA) or peripheral artery disease (PAD)] or major vascular risk factors (age <55 years plus ≥2 major vascular risk factors, or age ≥55 years plus ≥1 vascular risk factors). Among these patients, we applied the selection criteria of the COMPASS trial for analysis, dividing the population in no COMPASS criteria met and COMPASS criteria met, and this last group subdivided among patients with previous AIS/TIA and without this antecedent, in order to stratify the risk for stroke during 6-month follow-up (incident AIS/TIA). Results: Among 5,101 stable outpatients with either established atherothrombotic disease (n=2,827) or major vascular risk factors (n=2,274), a total of 1,927 (37.8%) met COMPASS trial criteria: 1,054 (54.7%) with established cerebrovascular disease (past history of AIS/TIA) and 873 (45.3%) without. During 6-month follow-up, there were 89 incident AIS/TIA (39 AIS and 54 TIA): 1.7% among the whole population and 2.2% among the COMPASS subgroup. AIS/TIA occurred in a similar frequency among the COMPASS subgroup with established cerebrovascular disease (1.6%) and COMPASS without cerebrovascular disease (0.9%) (P=0.18). After a Cox-proportional hazards model, independent predictors of incident AIS/TIA were age ≥65 years (HR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.29-3.07) and established cerebrovascular disease at baseline (HR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.02-2.53). Conclusions: The majority of stable outpatients at vascular risk met COMPASS selection criteria and could be good candidates for low-dose rivaroxaban in addition to aspirin. Short-term predictors of AIS/TIA were old age and history of cerebrovascular disease

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Prognostic Factors for Developing Thrombosis in Polycytemia Vera: A Retrospective Analysis of 331 Patients with Long-Term Follow-up Highlights the Importance of White Blood Cells Levels

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2020-139431 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 48-49

Author(s):

Samantha Ferrari ◽

Chiara Pagani ◽

Mariella D'Adda ◽

Nicola Bianchetti ◽

Annamaria Pelizzari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

High Risk ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Advisory Board ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Risk Status ◽

History Of ◽

Wbc Count

Polycythemia Vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by erythrocytosis, constitutively active mutations in JAK2 and an increased susceptibility to thrombotic events (TEs). There is still controversy about the role of increased hematocrit and of other variables including elevated white blood cell count as risk factors for the occurrence of TEs. A better definition of the relative prognostic importance of hematologic parameters would help us to better tailor the therapeutic approach to PV patients (pts), which is currently mainly based on the use of acetilsalycilic acid (ASA), venesection and hydroxyurea . The aim of our study was to analyze if any clinical or laboratory variables were significantly associated to the occurrence of TEs both at PV diagnosis and during the course of the disease in a large series of PV pts uniformly followed at a single Center over a period of 29.5 years from January 1986 to June 2019. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from the time of diagnosis until death, progression to acute leukemia or last follow-up. Hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) levels were recorded for each patient at least every 6 months. Among a total of 331 pts, the median age was 65 years (range 30-92 years), and 56% were male. "High risk" features (age ≥ 60 years and/or history of prior thrombosis) were present in 221 pts (66.7%). The incidence of cardiovascular risk factors was: hypertension 64%, diabetes 15%, hyperlipidemia 28%, history of active or remote smoking 41%. Patients on ASA were 279 (84%), 19 (6%) were on oral anticoagulation, while 27 (8%) were on ASA+oral anticoagulant. At PV diagnosis 54 pts (16%) presented with thrombosis, arterial in 32 (59%) and venous in 22 (41%). A previous TE was recorded in 57 pts (17%): in 43 (75%) arterial, in 12 (22%) venous and in 2 (3%) mixed (arterial+venous). Previous thrombosis was the only variable significantly associated with the presence of a TE at PV diagnosis (P=0.02). After PV diagnosis, with a median follow-up of 81 months (range 1-374 months), 63 pts (19%) experienced a TE and 11 of them a further episode, for a total of 74 TEs. The incidence rate (pts/year) of TEs was 2.7%. Forty-two events were arterial (57%), 31 were venous (42%) and 1 (1%) was mixed. It was the first TE for 37 pts. Cerebrovascular accidents and deep-venous thrombosis were the most frequent arterial and venous TEs both at PV diagnosis and throughout the disease course, with a relative incidence of 50% and 32% respectively. The table compares the characteristics of patients who did or did not develop a TE after PV diagnosis. At univariate analysis, PV high risk status, a previous TE and hyperlipidemia at PV diagnosis were significantly associated with a subsequent TE. Among hematologic variables an elevated WBC count at the time of thrombosis, but not Hct or PLT levels, was highly significantly associated with the development of a TE. At multivariate analysis, WBC count ≥10.4 x 10^9/L and hyperlipidemia maintained their independent prognostic value, while high risk status and a previous TE lost their prognostic significance. Both at univariate and multivariate analysis, hyperlipidemia at diagnosis (P=0.009 and P=0.002) and high WBC count at thrombosis (P=0.001 and P=<0.0001) predicted for arterial thromboses, while only a history of prior thrombosis (P=0.03) predicted for venous ones. In conclusion, our analysis confirms that elevated WBC count at the moment of the event more than increased hematocrit is associated to the development of thrombosis in PV pts. We also found that hyperlipidemia was an independent risk factor for arterial thrombosis, calling for an accurate management of increased lipid levels. Whether a reduction of the WBC count during the course of PV may reduce the frequency of TE remains to be demonstrated by prospective studies. Table Disclosures D'Adda: Novartis: Other: Advisory board; Incyte: Other: Advisory board; Pfizer: Other: Advisory board. Rossi:Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astellas: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Other: Advisory board; Alexion: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jazz: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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OBJECTIVE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND PROGRESSION TO DEMENTIA IN WOMEN: THE PROSPECTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RISK FACTOR STUDY

Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease ◽

10.14283/jpad.2017.4 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

J. Skov Neergaard ◽

K. Dragsbæk ◽

C. Christiansen ◽

M. Asser Karsdal ◽

S. Brix ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Population Based ◽

Risk Factor Study ◽

Factor Study ◽

Epidemiological Risk ◽

Epidemiological Risk Factor ◽

History Of

Background: Identification of subjects with a progressive disease phenotype is an urgent need in the pharmaceutical industry where most of the recent clinical trials in Alzheimer’s disease have failed. Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify subgroups of individuals with objective cognitive impairment (OCI), who were most likely to progress to dementia and to identify the risk factors associated with progression. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Population-based. Participants: 5,380 elderly women from Denmark. Measurements: The Short Blessed Test and a category fluency test with animal naming, was used to assess cognitive function, and to classify them into different groups of OCI. Results: OCI was identified in 852 subjects at baseline. The risk of dementia was elevated for OCI subjects as compared to subjects with normal cognition (HR 1.46[1.19-1.79]). The courses of OCI were studied in a sub-cohort who completed the cognitive assessment at both the baseline and the follow-up visit (n = 1,933). Of these subjects 203 had OCI at baseline. The multi-domain subtypes of OCI were associated with progressive OCI. Subjects most likely to progress were older, physically inactive, had a higher level of total cholesterol (>6.5 mmol/L) and had a history of depression as compared to subjects with a non-progressive course of OCI. Conclusions: In this cohort we identified a risk profile associated with progression from OCI in older women. The degree of impairment at baseline was an important predictor of conversion to dementia, additionally several modifiable risk factors were associated with progression.

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