scholarly journals Artistic stylization as the main means of expression in different genres of fine arts

Author(s):  
Veronika Zaitseva

The purpose of the article is to analyze the essence of the method of stylization and determine its creative and expressive role in various genres of fine arts. Based on the experience of the world and domestic visual art to explore the practical use of methods and techniques of artistic stylization. The methodology consists of the application of general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction) and methods of art history (comparative, typological, descriptive). The scientific novelty of the work consists in a comprehensive study and identification of the features of expressive means of artistic stylization of a pictorial composition in different genres of modern fine art. Conclusions. Exploring the expressive means of artistic stylization of composition in various genres of fine arts, it can be noted that leading foreign and domestic artists in their work have widely used a variety of techniques and methods of creative stylization of artistic images. The analysis of the experience of the world and domestic visual art of fine stylization should promote better visual perception and creation of subject-spatial stylized compositions and is, therefore, an extremely fruitful object of research.

Author(s):  
Mariya T. Maistrovskaya ◽  
◽  

The article is the second part of the research that consider and analyze two exhibitions held in recent years at the A.S. Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts named, “Chanel: according to the laws of art” (2007) and “Dior: under the sign of art” (2011), dedicated to the largest fashion designers of our time. The original concepts and artistic solutions of the exhibition design of these exhibitions became events not only in the fashion world, but also in the art of the exhibitiaon. These exhibitions presented various exhibition solutions, vivid artistic images, expressive spatial organization, conceptual and scenographic arrangement of copyright collections in the context of high fine art. The most important conceptual component of the exhibitions was to present the art of fashion designers, juxtaposing, giving rise to associations and building analogies and contexts with visual art, against which unique collections were exhibited and in the circle. With this single conceptual view of their work, and the single space of the museum in which the exhibitions were held, the artistic and architectural strategy of the exhibitions was diametrically opposite, revealing the palette and variety of artistically expressive means and modern exhibition design. Both exhibitions were created by modern foreign curators and designers and represent talented and creative exposition projects, the analysis of which can be useful for domestic environmental design as vivid examples of the exposition as a genre of plastic art, which is considered the modern museum and exhibition exposition at its highest and creative forms.


Author(s):  
I. V. Boiko ◽  

Models are central in many scientific contexts. The purpose of the article is to systematise and theoretically substantiate cognitive-discursive models of translation in the theory and practice of translation studies. The research methods were general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, observation and abstraction. In the perspective of cognitive modelling of translation, the creation of cognitive-discursive models of translation was preceded by cognitive-heuristic (A. H. Mynchenkov), cognitive-psychological (R. Bell), social-cognitive (D. Kiraly), and cognitive-pragmatic (E.-A. Gutt) models of translation. Thus, the development of the cognitive-discursive paradigm has given impetus to cognitive-discursive models of translation, the main advantage of which is the desire of their authors to take into account not only the text in the analysis of translation but also the mental activity of the translator and the reader while interpreting this text. Cognitive-discursive models of translation (T. P. Andriienko, L. Gopo, H. V. Taschenko) primarily focuse on the translator's cognitive sphere and the author's, translator's and reader's interpretation of reality embedded in the text, which results in paying attention to the bilingual picture of the translator's world. Translation in this focus appears as a reworking of someone else's „mental content”, which traditionally consists of interpretation (analysis of the original text), projecting a conceptual image of the source text on the picture of the world of the language of translation and implementation (creation of the text of translation).


Author(s):  
Taras KARAVAYEV ◽  
Nina KALUGA

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic declared by the WHO in March 2020 have significantly affected almost all sectors of economy and life spheres, including the imple­mentation of customs affairs. Introduced changes in the trade and customs policy of count­ries of the world, legislative changes and quarantine measures have affected the activity of the customs authorities of Ukraine, which requires a separate study. Analysis of recent researches and publications has shown that the published up to date papers aren’t systematic and can’t claim to be a complete analysis of the problems and challenges related with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on customs affairs at the WCO level and in Ukraine. The aim of the paper is to analyze the WCO measures and the implementation of cus­toms affairs by the customs of the State Customs Service of Ukraine in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. General scientific methods such as the systematic approach, theo­retical generalization and comparison, analysis and synthesis have been used in the research. Results of the research. Globally, the WCO and partner organizations have develop­ped measures to achieve the balance between combating the spread of COVID-19 and ensuring continuity of supply chains. The quarantine measures introduced in the world and in Ukraine have affected the activities of the customs authorities of the State Customs Service. At the first stage, 94 checkpoints across the state border and points of control were temporarily closed, 38 of which remain closed till now. The total number of vehicles passed through the customs border of Ukraine in January-September 2020 compared with 2019 decreased by more than 2 times to 6.7 million units. The largest reductions were fixed for road, air and river transport. The total volume of customs declarations of the MD-2 form decreased by 5.7%. However, the number of other customs documents, according to which goods are sent in international postal and express shipments, has significantly increased. Conclusion. In the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the WCO focused their attention of customs administrations on taking the necessary measures to protect customs personnel who in direct contact with citizens and carriers when crossing borders. The mea­sures introduced in Ukraine in connection with the spread of COVID-19 have affected the activity of the customs authorities of the State Customs Service. However, the customs officials carried out customs formalities promptly and according to the current legislation and international treaties of Ukraine.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Elena A. Antonyan ◽  
◽  
Marina M. Milovanova ◽  

Purpose. A study of the current state of the fight against cyber terrorism and cyber extremism in the context of the development of new technologies, when modern achievements of scientific and technological progress are actively used in the area under consideration in order to develop new approaches to solving the question posed. Methodology: the article is based on a reasonable combination of the general scientific dialectical method with legal positivism. Social connections and phenomena, and their interaction with scientific categories are considered in dialectical unity. Consideration of a separate document is based on comparative legal positivism. The work uses scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Conclusions. 1. Today there is no comprehensive approach to organizing the fight against cyber terrorism and cyber extremism. 2. At present, terrorism and extremism are actively using in their activities modern capabilities of electronic and information-telecommunication systems and technologies. 3. The current global geopolitical situation in the world does not allow the creation of an effective international system for combating and countering terrorism and extremism, especially in the use of modern electronic and telecommunication technologies. Scientific and practical significance. The article presents some of the author’s positions on how, in the absence of effective legal means of organizing the interaction of law enforcement structures of states, it is possible to consolidate one’s efforts to minimize the spread of cybercrime in the world and, in particular, such most dangerous manifestations of it as cyber terrorism and cyber extremism.


2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 08022
Author(s):  
Yulia Vertakova ◽  
Olga Kryzhanovskaya

Research background: The world is actively transforming socio-economic and production processes. Ensuring economic growth today is accompanied by an increase in living standards and environmental degradation, the exhaustion of natural resources, imbalance in the biosphere, and climate change, which leads to poor human health and limits the possibilities for further development. All this is due to the need to transform both the provision of technological progress for economic development, and the favouring of the natural environment in the context of globalization. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to study energy conservation as a necessary condition for the development of a “green” economy in the context of globalization and transformation of society. Methods: The research is based on general scientific methods of empirical research (observation, measurement, experiment, modelling), analysis and synthesis, analogy, systematization, as well as methods of structural-logical, statistical analysis. Findings & Value added: The article systematizes approaches to defining the concept of a green economy, reveals the relationship between the categories of politics and society, and elements of the green economy. The efficiency of the use of fuel and energy resources is determined by the energy intensity of GDP. In this regard, the predicted dynamics of energy intensity of GDP by regions of the world, energy consumption per capita in the world and groups of countries are analysed, measures of state support in the field of energy conservation and energy efficiency are substantiated.


Author(s):  
E.V. Sokolova

This article is devoted to the reconstruction of the library of Sergei Petrovich Vinogradov (1853–1918), collector and historian of Russian engraved and lithographic portraits. The bulk of the library is currently kept in the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts. An extensive collection of graphics and the personal archive of S.P. Vinogradov is available there as well. Vinogradov`s books collection is a valuable historical source. Recreation of the process of its formation alongside with the collecting activity of the owner expands and enriches our understanding of the cultural and scientific life of that time. In the course of the study, general scientific methods of comparative analysis and synthesis were used. Based on the registration books of the Museum Research Library, an array of publications belonging to S.P. Vinogradov, their one-by-one scrutiny examination and attribution were carried out according to ownership characteristics - ex-libris and signatures. Special attention is paid to the study of presentation and owner inscriptions, marks and marginalities found on publications. Статья посвящена реконструкции библиотеки Сергея Петровича Виноградова (1853–1918), собирателя и историка русского гравированного и литографированного портрета. Основная часть библиотеки хранится в настоящее время в Государственном музее изобразительных искусств имени А.С. Пушкина. Здесь же находится обширная коллекция графики и личный архив С.П. Виноградова. Библиотека Виноградова — ценный исторический источник. Воссоздание процесса ее формирования в неразрывной связи с собирательской деятельностью коллекционера расширяет и обогащает сведения о культурной и научной жизни того времени. В ходе исследования были использованы общенаучные методы сравнительного и источниковедческого анализа, атрибуции на основе анализа документов. По регистрационным книгам научной библиотеки музея было проведено вычленение из основного библиотечного фонда массива изданий, принадлежавших С.П. Виноградову, осуществлен их поэкземплярный просмотр и атрибуция по владельческим признакам — экслибрисам и подписям. Отдельное внимание уделено изучению обнаруженных на изданиях дарственных и владельческих надписей, помет и маргиналий.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1590-1609
Author(s):  
V.A. Rakhaev

Subject. The article addresses modernization of lending facilities under concession agreements. It is important for evaluating the terms of credit transactions, effectiveness of credit projects, and the concessionaire's ability to repay the loan. Objectives. The purpose is to review the current financing mechanism and underpin approaches to improving the credit facilities within concession agreements. Methods. The study rests on general scientific methods, like the systems and logical analysis and synthesis, principles of induction and deduction, financial calculation techniques. The analytical part employs the balance method, methods of financial coefficients and the method of technical and economic estimates. Results. I analyzed the financial structure and special characteristics of concession agreements, parameters of concessionaires’ activities; considered the types of risks inherent in bank lending under concession agreements, methods for their identification and mitigation; offered a mechanism of lending, including the structure of credit transactions, restrictions for the financial condition of concessionaires, additional requirements and penalties for their non-fulfillment. The findings can help banks define lending parameters for concession agreements. The provided recommendations may be useful for consideration by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Conclusions. It is possible to reduce the risks of lending under concession contracts, if their terms and conditions are stable, and if the lost income of concessionaires is compensated in the event of early termination. Reasonable tariffs for works and services and increased revenue collection will promote this type of lending.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-744
Author(s):  
V.I. Loktionov

Subject. The article reviews the way strategic threats to energy security influence the quality of people's life. Objectives. The study unfolds the theory of analyzing strategic threats to energy security by covering the matter of quality of people's life. Methods. To analyze the way strategic threats to energy security spread across cross-sectoral commodity and production chains and influences quality of people's living, I applied the factor analysis and general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. Results. I suggest interpreting strategic threats to energy security as risks of people's quality of life due to a reduction in the volume of energy supply. I identified mechanisms reflecting how the fuel and energy complex and its development influence the quality of people's life. The article sets out the method to assess such quality-of-life risks arising from strategic threats to energy security. Conclusions and Relevance. In the current geopolitical situation, strategic threats to energy security cause long-standing adverse consequences for the quality of people's life. If strategic threats to energy security are further construed as risk of quality of people's life, this will facilitate the preparation and performance of a more effective governmental policy on energy, which will subsequently raise the economic well-being of people.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
O. А. Zaytsev ◽  

The article examines the problematic issues of applying measures to protect the rights and legitimate interests of entrepreneurs in cases of crimes in the field of economic activity. The material-legal and criminal-procedural mechanisms used in the course of proceedings in this category of cases are examined. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, reflected in the decisions of the Plenum of November 15, 2016 № 48 and October 3, 2017 № 33. The purpose of this study is to identify the most acceptable areas of activity of judicial and law enforcement agencies to protect the rights and legitimate interests of entrepreneurs involved in criminal proceedings. The objectives of the study are: a) to determine the specifics of criminal and criminal procedure legislation containing humane mechanisms for the category of cases under consideration; b) to highlight the positions of scientists who conduct research in this field of activity; с) substantiation of recommendations for the further development of criminal policy in the direction of liberalizing the current structure of crimes in conjunction with the improvement of criminal procedural forms of criminal proceedings. The methodological basis of the research was the dialectical method of cognition, General scientific methods of abstraction, analysis and synthesis, as well as special legal methods. Promising ways of development of criminal policy in the field of formation of legislation that allows the most effective protection of the rights and legitimate interests of entrepreneurs are proposed. The conclusion is made about the need for further scientific study of the system of material-legal and criminal-procedural mechanisms used in the proceedings on crimes committed in the sphere of business and other economic activities.


Author(s):  
Petr Dobrolyubov

The article is devoted to the work of the Russian painter Dobrolyubov Vladimir Petrovich, who in 2020 marks the centenary of his birth. Special attention is paid to the presentation of his ideals, which inspired the artist to create wonderful paintings depicting the world around him, landscapes and landscapes, urban environment, monuments of ancient Russian architecture, decoration and interiors of the oldest churches from Moscow to Yaroslavl, Pereslavl Zalessky, Staraya Ladoga. From the Russian North to the Crimean mountains and Tsemeskiy Bay. Vladimir Petrovich Dobrolyubov (05.07.1920-24.02.1975) - a student of I.I. Mashkov, N.P. Krymov, G.G. Ryazhskiy, K.F. Yuon, V.V. Krainev, P.I. Kotov, V.I. Finogeev, K.G. Dorokchov. Dobrolyubov V.P., was the veteran of the Great Patriotic war (1941-1945), - the 75th anniversary of the Victory which we celebrate this 2020 year. The author analyzes the paintings of V.P. Dobrolyubov - a natural colorist, nugget, artist, philosopher and citizen of his country. His thoughts on the art of painting based on the beauty and traditions of the Russian school of iconography were the Foundation, the spiritual platform, for all of his painting, created in a short period of life. The author's paintings Dobrolyubov V.P. is of well-deserved interest for art studies and make a worthy, significant contribution to it not only by their high appreciation of color, color spot, and lyrical appearance, but also as works of the history of Russian painting and in particular, the Moscow school of painting, 30-60-ies of XX century, of which he was a representative. Also noteworthy is his understanding of art, his creative pictorial, original, author's handwriting, and also an amazing vision of color and color spot, his own, individual. As well as the interpretation of personal perception, the attitude and understanding of the fundamental foundations of realism in the domestic and world fine arts, expressed and approved in their own, no one repeats, coloristic pictorial language. Dobrolyubov V.P. considered icons, the Russian icon, as a work of art, which following the tradition of Byzantine masters of iconography, undoubtedly constitutes the core of the soul of the artistic creative process, and especially the work of iconographers such as Andrei Rublev, Theophanes the Greek, Vladimir-Suzdal, Moscow, Yaroslavl school of icon-painting as an objective reality of the world of spiritual images in their own work. Artistic creativity, in his opinion, as a representative of the Moscow school of painting, is not an abstract search and self-expression of the artist's beliefs and ideas, but the result of a deep, divine transformation of the soul, its path to truth and to the foundations of realistic art, through the perception of artistic images. Russian iconography of the XIV-XVII centuries, brought to Russia from Byzantium, Dobrolyubov V. P. considered the Russian school of iconography the main, unsurpassed, imperishable Foundation and a masterpiece of Russian fine art. Everywhere in his memories, in his understanding of the basics of art, the artist renounces the concept of copying the image and the icon for him is like a conditional historical symbol, indicating the spiritual image of past centuries. An artistic image is born in the soul of the painter and of course exists outside of iconography, but then it can appear in the minds of other people who contemplate the master's canvases, in which the image of the universal universe and the beauty of the universe is encoded, if you want, encrypted in the very deep images of Russian iconography. Therefore, the icon itself, its image and composition, as a work of art created once in the depths of past centuries, is personified in the mind of the author, as grace and inspiration sent from heaven. Dobrolyubov V.P. confirms the aesthetic and spiritual platform created for any person. Therefore, Russian icons created as spiritually and artistically perfect, self-sufficient works of Russian culture are inextricably linked to the General process for Russian art history, its ability to testify to its highest level in the hierarchy of world art. For the artist Dobrolyubov, Russian iconography is an inseparable part of his spiritual platform, and his works of painting – and, temple art, in conjunction with ancient Russian architecture, with the interiors of churches and their decoration, as well as the sacrament of divine services, baptisms, weddings and funerals, and are the most essential foundation, being, as the very artistic image of all his art work and now, in 2020. Today, 45 years after his death in 1975, his artistic paintings are just as beautiful and heartfelt.


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