scholarly journals Biophysical and photobiological modulations of cellular pathways in Alzheimer's disease

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Xiaoguang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase ◽  
Cellular Pathways ◽  
Thesis Work

The overall goal of this thesis work is to study the effects of biomodulations on Alzheimer's disease (AD) related cellular pathways, using biophysical and photobiological methods, including secretory phospholipase A2, various fatty acids treatments and low energy light irradiation. By increasing membrane fluidity in neuronal cells, secretory phospholipase A2 and unsaturated fatty acids with 4 or more double bonds are able to increase the secretion of neuroprotective and neurotrophic [alpha]-secretase-cleaved soluble APP (sAPP[alpha]). Low energy laser at 632.8 nm is able to suppress amyloid-[beta] peptide (A[beta])-induced oxidative and inflammatory responses in primary astrocytes, suggesting it has neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation in AD. This thesis work provides insights into potential therapeutic treatments and prevention of AD.

scholarly journals Inhibition by unsaturated fatty acids of type II secretory phospholipase A2 synthesis in guinea-pig alveolar macrophages

2000 ◽  
Vol 267 (12) ◽  
pp. 3633-3639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounia Alaoui El Azher ◽  
Nathalie Havet ◽  
Monique Singer ◽  
Claude Dumarey ◽  
Lhousseine Touqui
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase

scholarly journals The role of nutrition in Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
The Mediterranean

The aging population is a significant social, medical and economic problem due to increasing prevalence of chronic diseases in elderly population. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and the most common neurodegenerative disease. It is characterized by a progressive deterioration of memory and cognitive function. So far, there is neither an effective prevention nor cure for dementia, so more and more attention is paid to the prevention of this group of diseases, particularly to the appropriate diet. Preventive intervention gives the best results if introduced before the first symptoms of dementia, i.e., around the age of 50. This is when the nutritional status, number of synapses, cognition, and neuropathological changes in the nervous system compensate each other, which increases the chances of staying healthy for a longer period of time. It has been proven that dietary habits, which lead to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, significantly increase the risk of dementia. On the other hand, a Mediterranean diet rich in antioxidants, fiber and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may have a protective effect on the neurodegenerative process. The beneficial effect of many nutrients on the course of AD has been demonstrated. These include: glutathione, polyphenols, curcumin, coenzyme Q10, vitamins B6, B12, folic acid, unsaturated fatty acids, lecithin, UA, caffeine and some probiotic bacteria. A diet rich in saturated fatty acids and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) promotes the progression of dementia. Dietary intervention should be introduced as early as possible to minimize the risk of developing dementia. The Mediterranean and DASH diets have been documented to protect against AD. However, the MIND diet is reported to be much more effective in preventing cognitive decline/dementia than either the Mediterranean or DASH diets alone.

scholarly journals Synergy between serum amyloid A and secretory phospholipase A2

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobini Jayaraman ◽  
Marcus Fändrich ◽  
Olga Gursky
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase ◽  
Amyloid A

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an evolutionally conserved enigmatic biomarker of inflammation. In acute inflammation, SAA plasma levels increase ~1,000 fold, suggesting that this protein family has a vital beneficial role. SAA increases simultaneously with secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), compelling us to determine how SAA influences sPLA2 hydrolysis of lipoproteins. SAA solubilized phospholipid bilayers to form lipoproteins that provided substrates for sPLA2. Moreover, SAA sequestered free fatty acids and lysophospholipids to form stable proteolysis-resistant complexes. Unlike albumin, SAA effectively removed free fatty acids under acidic conditions, which characterize inflammation sites. Therefore, SAA solubilized lipid bilayers to generate substrates for sPLA2 and removed its bioactive products. Consequently, SAA and sPLA2 can act synergistically to remove cellular membrane debris from injured sites, which is a prerequisite for tissue healing. We postulate that the removal of lipids and their degradation products constitutes a vital primordial role of SAA in innate immunity; this role remains to be tested in vivo.

scholarly journals Correlation of secretory phospholipase-A2 activity and fatty acids in cerebrospinal fluid with liver enzymes tests

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Ghodoosifar ◽  
Amir Hossein Jafari-Rouhi ◽  
Ali Pashapour ◽  
Amir Mehdizadeh ◽  
Maghsod Shaaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Secretory Phospholipase ◽  
Phospholipase A2 Activity
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