scholarly journals An initial examination of sustainable leadership and employee engagement within extension nutrition programs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rachel L. Gordon-Poff
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Leadership ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Nutrition Programs

Nutrition programs operated by Cooperative Extension organizations seek to provide nutrition education to a low-income audience nationally. There is research on the effectiveness of these programs, but gaps exist on the role of the leader and how their practices impact the educators and the programs as a whole. A transformative mixed-methods approach was used to capture both quantitative and qualitative data through a theoretical lens. Sustainable leadership and employee engagement were used as conceptual frameworks. Open-ended interviews with twelve leaders of Extension nutrition programs were conducted. An online survey was distributed to 100 nutrition educators to determine their perceptions of their leaders' sustainable leadership practices and also a personal employee engagement inventory, with a 63 percent return rate. The analysis of these interviews and surveys found that both the leaders and the educators reported the use of sustainable leadership practices by program leaders. The qualitative portion of the study revealed six of the seven leadership traits were described by the leaders during their interviews. Also, there was no significant relationship between the reported levels of sustainable leadership practices by the leaders and the educators. From the employee engagement inventory, the educators of averaged an average level of employee engagement. Lastly, there was a significant positive relationship between the use of sustainable leadership and educator employee engagement. The use of sustainable leadership and the relationship between employee engagement can have implications for these programs nationally. This and future research on leadership and its impact on employee engagement can help inform policy and practice within national nutrition programs.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF LGBT PATIENTS AND FAMILY WITH HOSPICE AND PALLIATIVE CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S623-S624
Author(s):  
Gary L Stein ◽  
Cathy Berkman
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospice And Palliative Care

Abstract This study examines the degree to which hospice and palliative care staff observe or perceive inadequate, disrespectful, or abusive care to LGBT patients and family members. A cross-sectional study using an online survey completed by 865 providers, including social workers, physicians, nurses, and chaplains. Among respondents, 55% reported that LGB patients were more likely to experience discrimination at their institution than non-LGB patients; 24% observed discriminatory care; 65% reported that transgender patients were more likely than non-transgender patients to experience discrimination; 20% observed discrimination to transgender patients; 14% observed the spouse/partner of LGBT patients having their treatment decisions disregarded or minimized; and 13% observed the spouse/partner being treated disrespectfully. Findings reported also include: institutional non-discrimination policy, staff training, intake procedures, and comfort in assessing LGBT status. Implications for future research, policy, and practice will be presented.

scholarly journals The effect of a fresh produce incentive paired with cooking and nutrition education on healthy eating in low-income households: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Angela R Fertig ◽  
Xuyang Tang ◽  
Heather M Dahlen
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Objective: This study pilot-tested combining financial incentives to purchase fruits and vegetables with nutrition education focused on cooking to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables and improve attitudes around healthy eating on a budget among low-income adults. The goal of the pilot study was to examine implementation feasibility and fidelity, acceptability of the intervention components by participants and effectiveness. Design: The study design was a pre-post individual-level comparison without a control group. The pilot intervention included two components, a scan card providing free produce up to a weekly maximum dollar amount for use over a 2-month period, and two sessions of tailored nutrition and cooking education. Outcomes included self-reported attitudes about healthy eating and daily fruit and vegetable consumption from one 24-h dietary recall collected before and after the intervention. Setting: Greater Minneapolis/St. Paul area in Minnesota. Participants: Adults (n 120) were recruited from five community food pantries. Results: Findings indicated that the financial incentive component of the intervention was highly feasible and acceptable to participants, but attendance at the nutrition education sessions was moderate. Participants had a statistically significant increase in the consumption of fruit, from an average of 1·00 cup/d to 1·78 cups/d (P < 0·001), but no significant change in vegetable consumption or attitudes with respect to their ability to put together a healthy meal. Conclusions: While combining financial incentives with nutrition education appears to be acceptable to low-income adult participants, barriers to attend nutrition education sessions need to be addressed in future research.

scholarly journals Science teachers’ data use practices: A descriptive analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Snodgrass Rangel ◽  
Carlos Monroy ◽  
Elizabeth Bell
Keyword(s):  
Science Teachers ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Science Achievement ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Data Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
High Stakes

There is a debate on students’ low science achievement in the United States, particularly among low income, African American students, and Latino students. An important part of the education community’s response to low achievement generally and in science specifically has been the implementation of high stakes accountability policies. Because of accountability’s emphasis on educator data use, much research has examined different facets of it throughout educational organizations, but research has not focused on the extent to which data use might be content-specific. The purpose of this paper, then, was to investigate the data use practices of science teachers. Drawing from a broader study of science teachers in grades 5-8 across six school districts, this study reports results from teacher surveys and interviews. The findings indicate that while there were examples of science-specific data use, most of the science teachers used data in ways consistent with previous content-agnostic research. Implications for future research, policy, and practice are discussed. 

scholarly journals Health Disparities in COVID-19: Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 197-197
Author(s):  
Chivon Mingo ◽  
Ronica Rooks
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Rapid Transmission ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The rapid transmission of COVID-19 has resulted in more than 100 million confirmed cases in over 200 countries and continues to have wide-community spread. Consistently, it has been reported that older adults are at a greater risk for requiring hospitalization or dying from the virus compared to younger adults and children. In fact, compared to those age 18-29, age 65-74 are five times more likely to be hospitalized and 90 times more likely to experience death. The risk increases exponentially with age. Individuals 85 and older are 13 times more likely to require hospitalization and 630 times more likely to die from the disease. The physical health-age correlation has permeated the media and many discussions concerning the pandemic. However, fewer discussions have centered on the interaction of age and social variables that further exacerbate COVID-19 related burden or mortality such as race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and limited access to healthcare. Therefore, this symposium will bring direct attention to COVID-19 related health disparities that compromise public health, discuss implications on future research, policy, and practice, and discuss opportunities to reduce the burden and mitigate health inequities. The symposium presenters will specifically address the impact of social support during COVID-19, disparities in the effects of social distancing on health status, the economic impact on health, cognitive decline among low-income older adults navigating a global pandemic, and factors associated with higher rates of hospitalizations among racial/ethnic diverse older adults.

scholarly journals Research Implications for Future Telemedicine Studies and Innovations in Diabetes and Hypertension—A Mixed Methods Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Timpel ◽  
Lorenz Harst
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Key Topics

(1) Background: The objective of this study was to identify, categorize and prioritize current implications for future research in the use telemedicine for diabetes and hypertension in order to inform policy and practice decisions. (2) Methods: An iterative mixed methods design was followed, including three consecutive steps: An updated umbrella review of telemedicine effectiveness, qualitative content analysis of extracted data on current research needs and a quantitative survey with practitioners and health care researchers in order to prioritize the identified needs. (3) Results: Overall, 32 included records reported on future research implications. Qualitative content analysis yielded five categories as well as subcategories, covering a need for high quality studies, comprehensive technology assessments, in-depth considerations of patients’ characteristics, ethics and safety as well as implementation strategies. The online survey revealed that the most pressing future research needs are data security, patient safety, patient satisfaction, implementation strategies and longer follow-ups. Chi² statistics and t-tests revealed significant differences in the priorities of participants with and without experience in telemedicine use, evaluation and development. A factor analysis revealed six over-arching factors. (4) Conclusion: These results may help learning from mistakes previously made and may serve as key topics of a future telemedicine research agenda.

scholarly journals With or without us? An audit of disability research in the southern African region

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith McKenzie ◽  
Gubela Mji ◽  
Siphokazi Gcaza
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
African Region ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Southern African Region ◽  
Disability Research

Background: Disability research in the global South has not received significant critical consideration as to how it can be used to challenge the oppression and marginalisation of people with disabilities in low-income and middle-income countries. The Southern Africa Federation of the Disabled (SAFOD) embarked on a programme to use research to influence policy and practice relating to people with disabilities in Southern Africa, and commissioned an audit on research expertise in the region. In this article, a research audit is reported on and situated in a framework of mancipatory research.Objectives: This article sets out to describe a preliminary audit of disability research in the southern African region and to draw conclusions about the current state of disability research in the region and make recommendations.Method: The research method entailed working with disability researchers in the ten SAFOD member countries and utilising African disability networks hosted on electronic media. Disability researchers working in the region completed 87 questionnaires, which were reviewed through a thematic analysis.Results: The discussion of results provides a consideration of definitions of disability; the understanding of disability rights, research topics and methodologies; the participation of people with disabilities in research; and the challenges and opportunities for using research to inform disability activism.Conclusion: The conclusion highlights critical issues for future research in the region, and considers how a disability researcher database can be used as a tool for disability organisations to prioritise research that serves a disability rights agenda.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Palliative Care Workers: An International Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Tania Pastrana ◽  
Liliana De Lima ◽  
Katherine Pettus ◽  
Alison Ramsey ◽  
Genevieve Napier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
International Association ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Direct Patient Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Access To Essential Medicines ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures taken to mitigate spread have affected countries in different ways. Healthcare workers, in particular, have been impacted by the pandemic and by these measures. This study aims to explore how COVID-19 has impacted on palliative care (PC) workers around the world. Materials and Methods: Online survey to members of the International Association for Hospice and PC during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Convenience sampling was used. Statistical descriptive and contingency analyses and Chi-square tests with P < 0.05 were conducted. Results: Seventy-nine participants (RR = 16%) from 41 countries responded. Over 93% of those who provide direct patient care reported feeling very or somewhat competent in PC provision for patients with COVID-19. Eighty-four felt unsafe or somewhat safe when caring for patients with COVID-19. Level of safety was associated with competence (P ≤ 0.000). Over 80% reported being highly or somewhat affected in their ability to continue working in their PC job, providing care to non-COVID patients and in staff availability in their workplace. About 37% reported that availability and access to essential medicines for PC were highly or somewhat affected, more so in low-income countries (P = 0.003). Conclusion: The results from this study highlight the impact of COVID-19 on the provision of PC. It is incumbent on government officials, academia, providers and affected populations, to develop and implement strategies to integrate PC in pandemic response, and preparedness for any similar future events, by providing appropriate and comprehensive education, uninterrupted access to essential medicines and personal protective equipment and ensure access to treatment and care, working together with all levels of society that is invested in care of individuals and populations at large. The long-term effects of the pandemic are still unknown and future research is needed to monitor and report on the appropriateness of measures.

scholarly journals Dehumanisation and attitudes toward the punishment and rehabilitation of child sex offenders: A New Zealand study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Charis Elizabeth Lister Dixson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
University Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Offender Rehabilitation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
The Public

<p>Child sex offenders are a group often regarded as dangerous and high risk, leading to increased support for offender registration policies which monitor the whereabouts of offenders after release. These policies have the intended aim of increasing public safety, however a wide body of research supports the idea that negative attitudes towards offenders underlie the creation of these policies more than empirical evidence of their success. Dehumanisation is a psychological process that deprives others of characteristics unique to both human beings and human nature, which has been established to predict increased support for punishment and decreased support for rehabilitation for child sex offenders. The current study aimed to examine the role of dehumanisation in support for punishment and rehabilitation of child sex offenders throughout two studies: first via the undertaking of an online survey using a sample of 228 university students and members of the public, second throughout three focus groups containing a total of 22 university students and members of the public. Dehumanising attitudes in relation to preference between the RNR and GLM models, two key frameworks for child sex offender rehabilitation, were also examined for the first time in the current study. Findings indicated that: 1) both moral outrage and dehumanisation predicted support for harsher forms of punishment and withdrawn support for rehabilitation, 2) victim age did not impact dehumanisation scores, 3) type of offense impacted both dehumanisation and support for post-release monitoring and 4) dehumanisation did not predict RNR over GLM preference. Limitations of the current study and implications for policy and practice, future research regarding uniquely human characteristics, victim age and RNR/GLM preference are discussed.</p>

scholarly journals Ethical and research governance approval across Europe: Experiences from three European palliative care studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-821
Author(s):  
Nancy Preston ◽  
Johannes JM van Delden ◽  
Francesca Ingravallo ◽  
Sean Hughes ◽  
Jeroen Hasselaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Research Governance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Ethical Approval

Background: Research requires high-quality ethical and governance scrutiny and approval. However, when research is conducted across different countries, this can cause challenges due to the differing ethico-legal framework requirements of ethical boards. There is no specific guidance for research which does not involve non-medicinal products. Aim: To describe and address differences in ethical and research governance procedures applied by research ethics committees for non-pharmaceutical palliative care studies including adult participants in collaborative European studies. Design: An online survey analysed using descriptive statistics. Setting/participants: Eighteen principal investigators in 11 countries conducting one of three European-funded studies. Results: There was variation in practice including whether ethical approval was required. The time to gain full approvals differed with the United Kingdom having governance procedures that took the longest time. Written consent was not required in all countries nor were data safety monitoring committees for trials. There were additional differences in relation to other data management issues. Conclusion: Researchers need to take the differences in research approval procedures into account when planning studies. Future research is needed to establish European-wide recommendations for policy and practice that dovetail ethical procedures and enhance transnational research collaborations.

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Impacts of Caring among Adolescents Caring for Grandparents. Results from an Online Survey in Six European Countries and Implications for Future Research, Policy and Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6593
Author(s):  
Sara Santini ◽  
Marco Socci ◽  
Barbara D’Amen ◽  
Mirko Di Rosa ◽  
Giulia Casu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Young Carers ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Positive Caregiving

Although up to 8% of European youngsters carry out high-intensity care for a family member, adolescent young carers (AYCs), especially those caring for their grandparents (GrPs), remain an under-researched group. This study aimed at addressing the current knowledge gap by carrying out an online survey in Italy, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The analysis included a final sample of 817 AYCs aged 15–17 years old. AYCs of grandparents (GrPs) were compared to AYCs of other care recipients (OCRs), in order to identify any difference in positive and negative caregiving outcomes and exposure factors between the two groups. Linear or logistic regression models were built, and multivariate analyses were repeated, including a fixed effect on the country variable. AYCs of GrPs experienced more positive caregiving outcomes than AYCs of OCRs across all six countries. Being female or non-binary, and having a migration background, were associated with more negative outcomes, regardless of the relationship with the care recipient. Further research on intergenerational caregiving outcomes is recommended for shaping measures and policies, which preserve the intergenerational emotional bonds, whilst protecting AYCs from inappropriate responsibilities, undermining their mental health and well-being.

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