scholarly journals Green solvent-enabled biomass conversion for renewable chemicals and lignin upgrading

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zhu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
One Pot ◽  
High Solid ◽  
Renewable Chemicals ◽  
High Solid Loading

Lignocellulosic biomass, which is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, is a promising feedstock for producing renewable chemicals and fuels. To make lignocellulosic biomass-based refinery (biorefinery) competitive with petroleum refinery, maximizing the utilization of the three major components is critical. This requires the efficient fractionation of lignocellulose into different streams amenable to further upgrading. To this end, this work investigated the use of quaternary ammonium salt-based green solvents for lignocellulose fractionation and upgrading into renewable chemicals. First, a platform solvent system based on choline chloride and ethylene glycol was developed for switchgrass fractionation. Tailor-made lignin can be produced by using this platform solvent system, while the delignification and cellulose digestibility were not compromised. Highly concentrated sugar hydrolysate from pulp (cellulose) streams can be obtained via high solid loading enzymatic hydrolysis. The hemicellulose streams can be facilely upgraded into furfural via a novel biphasic system-acetone and aqueous choline chloride: ethylene glycol (ChCl:EG). Secondly, switchgrass can be fractionated effectively at high solid loading using either aqueous ChCl:EG or a series of ternary deep eutectic solvents. The cellulose stream can be converted into highly concentrated hydrolysate for high titer platform chemical production via fermentation. The hemicellulose and lignin streams can also be converted into other value-added products via other upgrading pathways. Thirdly, aqueous ChCl can also be a good solvent for switchgrass fractionation at mild conditions. The resultant lignin presented a very similar structure to native lignin, and thus, a great potential to be valorized into different products. The hemicellulose and cellulose streams can also be converted into valuable chemicals via biological and chemical routes. Lastly, a one-pot process capable of directly converting the untreated lignocellulosic biomass into furfural, digestible cellulose pulp and high purity lignin was developed. Furfural can be produced with high yield, while cellulose and lignin with appealing properties can be obtained via a one-pot process.

scholarly journals Additive manufacturing of thin electrolyte layers via inkjet printing of highly-stable ceramic inks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongqi Zhu ◽  
Zhiyuan Gong ◽  
Piao Qu ◽  
Ziyong Li ◽  
Sefiu Abolaji Rasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Polyacrylic Acid ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading

AbstractInkjet printing is a promising alternative for the fabrication of thin film components for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to its contactless, mask free, and controllable printing process. In order to obtain satisfying electrolyte thin layer structures in anode-supported SOFCs, the preparation of suitable electrolyte ceramic inks is a key. At present, such a kind of 8 mol% Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (8YSZ) electrolyte ceramic ink with long-term stability and high solid loading (> 15 wt%) seems rare for precise inkjet printing, and a number of characterization and performance aspects of the inks, such as homogeneity, viscosity, and printability, should be studied. In this study, 8YSZ ceramic inks of varied compositions were developed for inkjet printing of SOFC ceramic electrolyte layers. The dispersing effect of two types of dispersants, i.e., polyacrylic acid ammonium (PAANH4) and polyacrylic acid (PAA), were compared. The results show that ultrasonic dispersion treatment can help effectively disperse the ceramic particles in the inks. PAANH4 has a better dispersion effect for the inks developed in this study. The inks show excellent printable performance in the actual printing process. The stability of the ink can be maintained for a storage period of over 30 days with the help of initial ultrasonic dispersion. Finally, micron-size thin 8YSZ electrolyte films were successfully fabricated through inkjet printing and sintering, based on the as-developed high solid loading 8YSZ inks (20 wt%). The films show fully dense and intact structural morphology and smooth interfacial bonding, offering an improved structural quality of electrolyte for enhanced SOFC performance.

Promotion effects of Pd on tungsten carbide catalysts: physiochemical properties and cellulose conversion performance

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (90) ◽  
pp. 87756-87766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauco F. Leal ◽  
Silvia F. Moya ◽  
Debora M. Meira ◽  
Dean H. Barrett ◽  
Erico Teixeira-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Aldol Reactions ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Conversion Performance

A multi-functional catalyst, which is able to perform both retro-aldol reactions followed by hydrogenation, is required to convert cellulose into value-added chemicals such as ethylene glycol (EG) in a one-pot reaction.

scholarly journals Fabrication of High Solid Loading Silicon Carbide Slurry Using UV Curable Resin

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 576-581
Author(s):  
Seizo Obata ◽  
Sosuke Azuma ◽  
Kenji Tateishi ◽  
Yasuhiro Shinoda ◽  
Michiyuki Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading ◽  
Uv Curable Resin

Study of LSGM Slurry for Gel-Tape-Casting

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 751-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Cheng ◽  
Jiang Hong Gong ◽  
Zhong Tai Zhang ◽  
Zi Long Tang
Keyword(s):  
Tape Casting ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading ◽  
Powder Properties

A novel process, gel-tape-casting, is employed to fabricate LSGM thin dense sheets in aqueous AM system. The influences of powder properties, dispersant and other additives were discussed and relevant processing parameters were also explored. The slurry of LSGM with a high solid loading about 33 vol.% was successfully obtained.

Preparation of high solid loading and low viscosity ceramic slurries for photopolymerization-based 3D printing

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 11549-11557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangwei Chen ◽  
Junjie Li ◽  
Chengbo Liu ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Junyi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
High Solid ◽  
High Solid Loading ◽  
Low Viscosity
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