scholarly journals Knot the Usual Suspects: Finding the Diagrammatic Representations of Physical Knots

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silas Edwin Rickards ◽  
Teertho Bhattacharya ◽  
Grace Cheng ◽  
Josh Valan ◽  
Zachary Webb
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Knot Theory ◽  
Reidemeister Moves ◽  
Algebraic Properties ◽  
The Future ◽  
Diagrammatic Representations ◽  
Clear Relation

In the last few hundred years, mathematicians have been attempting to describe the topological and algebraic properties of mathematical knots. Regarding the study of knots, there exists a disconnect between examining a knot’s mathematical and physical definitions. This is due to the inherent difference in the topology of an open-ended physical knot and a closed mathematical knot. By closing the ends of a physical knot, this paper presents a method to break this discontinuity by establishing a clear relation between physical and mathematical knots. By joining the ends and applying Reidemeister moves, this paper will calculate the equivalent mathematical prime or composite knots for several commonly used physical knots. In the future, it will be possible to study the physical properties of these knots and their potential to expand the field of mathematical knot theory.

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN SKIN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Yurchyk ◽  
◽  
Tetiana Sukhomlin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
General Information ◽  
General Rules ◽  
The Future ◽  
Fatty Substance ◽  
Multicomponent Nature ◽  
Inspection Of The Scene

The success of handprints examined by experts depends on many factors, the main of which is the receipt of dactyloscopic information by qualified detection, fixation and removal of handprints during the inspection of the scene. To do this, the future expert needs knowledge about the mechanism of papillary patterns, types of handprints, general rules for their detection, and so on. The fact is that the multicomponent nature of the fatty substance creates ample opportunities for the detection of handprints and provides many potential opportunities for chemical exposure. In addition, the substrate of the fatty substance has some physical properties that can be used in the process of visualization of traces.

scholarly journals Preliminary Studies Regarding the Physicochemical Characteristics of Some Balsamic Vinegars

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Mihaela TRUTA ◽  
Maria TOFANA ◽  
Sonia Ancuţa SOCACI ◽  
Rowena CHELEMAN
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Grape Must ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
Balsamic Vinegar

The aim of this work is to analyze the chemical and physical properties of balsamic vinegar, in order to improve the chemical information about this product, useful for its authentication and quality evaluation. Using three balsamic vinegars purchased in local markets as samples, this study investigated the labeling and the physicochemical properties of commercial concentrated balsamic vinegar in order to understand their production method and quality. Two of the samples were balsamic vinegars from Modena (BVM) and the third was a balsamic vinegar from Kalamata (BVK). According to the labels, all the balsamic vinegars samples were made of grape must and had an acidity of 6%. The appearance of the samples of vinegar differed significantly, but the acidity from the label was the same for all. Since people are paying much more attention to health, the number of concentrated vinegar products is expected to increase in the future. Thus, appropriate rules and physicochemical properties are required to regulate vinegar production and quality.

scholarly journals Singular knots and involutive quandles

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 1750099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu R. U. Churchill ◽  
Mohamed Elhamdadi ◽  
Mustafa Hajij ◽  
Sam Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Knot Theory ◽  
Algebraic Structures ◽  
Reidemeister Moves ◽  
Knots And Links ◽  
Singular Knots

The aim of this paper is to define certain algebraic structures coming from generalized Reidemeister moves of singular knot theory. We give examples, show that the set of colorings by these algebraic structures is an invariant of singular links. As an application, we distinguish several singular knots and links.

On marked braid groups

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 1541005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis A. Fedoseev ◽  
Vassily O. Manturov ◽  
Zhiyun Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Braid Group ◽  
Knot Theory ◽  
Braid Groups ◽  
Arbitrary Group ◽  
Natural Group ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Reidemeister Moves ◽  
Braid Theory ◽  
Important Notion

In this paper, we introduce [Formula: see text]-braids and, more generally, [Formula: see text]-braids for an arbitrary group [Formula: see text]. They form a natural group-theoretic counterpart of [Formula: see text]-knots, see [V. O. Manturov; Reidemeister moves and groups, preprint (2014), arXiv:1412.8691]. The underlying idea used in the construction of these objects — decoration of crossings with some additional information — generalizes an important notion of parity introduced by the second author (see [V. O. Manturov, Parity in knot theory, Sb. Math. 201(5) (2010) 693–733]) to different combinatorically geometric theories, such as knot theory, braid theory and others. These objects act as natural enhancements of classical (Artin) braid groups. The notion of dotted braid group is introduced: classical (Artin) braid groups live inside dotted braid groups as those elements having presentation with no dots on the strands. The paper is concluded by a list of unsolved problems.

scholarly journals Rice husk as a fibre in composites: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Neeraj Bisht ◽  
Prakash Chandra Gope ◽  
Nisha Rani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Future ◽  
Critical Insight

AbstractIn the last decade due to ever growing environmental concerns, use of natural fibres as fibre materials has gained momentum and acceptance. Natural fibres provide advantage of being economical and environment friendly at the same time. Rice husk, an agricultural waste is being utilized as a natural fibre for development of bio-composites. Present paper attempts to understand the applicability of rice husk as a fibre with various polymers based on the recent research works. It also throws light on various modification techniques that can further enhance the associated mechanical properties by altering the chemical and physical properties of husk. The paper may assist in understanding the phenomenon associated in manufacture of rice husk based bio-composite and provide a critical insight to the future applications of rice husk.

scholarly journals Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Fitrah dalam Pembentukan Kepribadian Anak

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-61
Author(s):  
Aisyah Ma’awiyah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
Worship Services ◽  
The Future

This article is entitled "Actualization of Fitrah Values in the Formation of Childhood Personality." Humans since being born into this world, in a state of fitrah or holy, religious (Islam) and monotheistic, but empirically children have not actualized the values of nature in their lives. So parents should guide children to develop their physical properties. The development of fitrah in a child's life is very important in a child's life, both the development of the nature of aqidah, development of fitrah in worship, development of the potential of fitrah al-Ghariziyyah, development of the potential of fitrah al-Diniyyah. Likewise, potential (fitrah), must be developed through the process of education, so as to achieve the goals expected in the philosophy of Islamic education. Therefore, parents/educators have aspirations towards the natural tendency of students, which always systematically plans to direct the child's development process. So children are able to make them as actors (subjects) in the process. so that these traits can be actualized, both fitrah about faith, want to perform worship services, carry out fasting Ramadhan, also morality with noble morality, both with Allah SWT, with fellow human beings and morality with the environment, and others. So by actualizing these fitrah values, it forms a good children's personality in their daily lives, both now and in the future.

scholarly journals Post-Soviet Features of Hungarian Administrative Sciences

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ádám Rixer
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Clear Relation ◽  
Systematic Collection

The post-Soviet features of contemporary administrative sciences in Hungary are not just theoretical issues, they have a strong practical importance, as well. Our starting point is that the scientific field which does not have a clear relation to its own near past, may have neither a sound self-concept nor an exact vision of the future. One of the utmost weaknesses of Hungarian administrative sciences is the partial shortage of elaboration of inner processes after 1945 and the lack of systematic collection of scientifically relevant – but never published – documents of that period of time (1945–1990). Everyday tendencies of administrative sciences also offer some examples of post-Soviet features: the lack of the culture of criticism that is observable within the characteristics of sientific journals, and also within the features of professional record and qualification. Moreover, the positivist way of thinking of representatives of administrative law (and other administrative sciences) results in the dominance of commentaries, i.e. the philosophical and future-oriented, strategic scientific approaches to the problems are often secondary, residual. Actually, these effects in Hungary, compared with the situation within those countries that earlier also belonged to the Soviet bloc, do not show real differences as it has been proven by a questionnaire-based research conducted by the author.

Physical Property Changes in Commercial Natural Rubbers during Long Term Storage

2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jintana Yunyongwattanakorn ◽  
Jitladda T. Sakdapipanich
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Clear Relation ◽  
Long Storage

Abstract The physical properties during long term storage of selected commercial Standard Thai Rubbers (STR), i.e. STR XL, STR 5L and STR CV60 as high-graded natural rubber (NR), were investigated. Sections of commercial NR were subjected to examination after storage-hardening. STR 5L showed clearly an increase in Mooney viscosity (VR), Mooney relaxtion (MR30), gel content and initial plasticity (P0), higher than that of STR XL. This result suggests that STR 5L exhibits the highest inconsistency in physical properties. The increasing viscosity and gel content of STR 5L and STR XL samples suggest the occurrence of a crosslink structure during storage. STR CV60, known as a viscosity-stabilized NR sample, also showed an increase in VR, gel content, P0, and high PRI value during long storage. These findings indicate that storage-hardening occurred in the rubber samples even after carefully controlled production procedures. As for the different sections of samples, there was no clear relation with gel content with respect to storage time, indicating that depth or positions of specimens in a certain rubber bale did not affect the storage-hardening phenomenon.

Verifying Calculation of the Parameters of AP1000 Core Design Based on MCNP Model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Wen-bin ◽  
Yan Xiu-ping ◽  
Wang Bo ◽  
Wang Zhan-yong ◽  
Bie Ye-wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Safety Review ◽  
The Future ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Ap1000 Reactor

This study investigates the reactor core physical properties of the AP1000, which applies the MCNP4a program to model the AP1000 reactor core with the parameters and data from the DCD (19th Edition) of the AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant, which has been submitted to the NRC. The model is applied to calculate and verify the physical parameters of AP1000 core design. The results match well with the design values in the DCD of the AP1000 nuclear power plant. The design values have been calculated by the KENO-Va program, which proves the correctness of the MCNP model. The model will be improved and applied for safety review and verification analysis of AP1000 nuclear power plant in the future.

AKUTZU-WADATI LINK POLYNOMIALS FROM FEYNMAN-KAUFFMAN DIAGRAMS

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (13) ◽  
pp. 3351-3373 ◽  
Author(s):  
MO-LIN GE ◽  
LU-YU WANG ◽  
KANG XUE ◽  
YONG-SHI WU
Keyword(s):  
Knot Theory ◽  
Jones Polynomial ◽  
Feynman Diagrams ◽  
Cpt Symmetry ◽  
Group Representations ◽  
Reidemeister Moves ◽  
S Matrix ◽  
Ambient Isotopy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Bracket Polynomials

By employing techniques familiar to particle physicists, we develop Kauffman’s state model for the Jones polynomial, which uses diagrams looking like Feynman diagrams for scattering, into a systematic, diagrammatic approach to new link polynomials. We systematize the ansatz for S matrix by symmetry considerations and find a natural interpretation for CPT symmetry in the context of knot theory. The invariance under Reidemeister moves of type III, II and I can be imposed diagrammatically step by step, and one obtains successively braid group representations, regular isotopy and ambient isotopy invariants from Kauffman’s bracket polynomials. This procedure is explicitiy carried out for the N=3 and 4 cases. N being the number of particle labels (or charges). With appropriate symmetry ansatz and with annihilation and creation included in the S matrix, we have obtained link polynomials which generalize the definition of the Akutzu-Wadati polynomials from closed braids to any oriented knots or links with explicit invariance under Reidemeister moves.

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