scholarly journals Intertextuality in Selected Narrative Poems of Adébáyọ̀ Fálétí

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Arinpe Adejumo ◽  
Adefemi Akinseloyin
Keyword(s):  
Family Background ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Poetic Tradition ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Narrative Poems ◽  
Text Context ◽  
Praise Poetry

The creative works of Adébáyọ Fálétí, a renowned literary writer in Yorùbá, ̀ have been the focus of literary critics. Notable among such are Olatunji (1982a; 1982b; 1982c), Ogunsina (1991), Ìṣọ̀lá (1998) and Adebowale (1999). These scholars have examined the issues of form, style and theme in Fálétí’s poetry. It has been established that Fálétí is a philosophical poet influenced by the historical, political, social and cultural contexts of the society that produced his poems. According to Olatunji (1982), “the oral poetic tradition of the Yorùbá constitutes the weft and woof of Fálétí’s poetic genius.” This attests to the claim that “no artist creates in a vacuum” (Agyekum, 2007:31). It could be deduced from the above position that there is an interplay between the text of Fálétí’s poetry and the context that produced it. Using intertextuality approach, this paper, therefore, examines the interplay of the text, context and the writer in selected poems of Adébáyọ̀ Fálétí with a view to determining the correlation between the Yorùbá oral poetic genres and the written form in Fálétí’s poetry and determining the continuity of the oral poetic genre in the written form. Fálétí’s biography has been discussed by Olatunji (1982). He was born at Agbóóyè in Ọyọ̀ ́ and had his elementary life on the farm, where he was exposed to the Yorùbá culture undiluted. He was a novelist, playwright, poet, scriptwriter and actor when alive. His works include Ọmọ Olókùn Ẹṣin, Thunderbolt, Baṣọrun Gáà, Fẹrẹ bí Ẹkùn, ̀ and Ogún Àwítẹ́lẹ. Fálétí’s works ̀ are greatly influenced by his family background because his father was a 120 Arinpe Adejumo and Adefemi Akinseloyin prominent member of the sàkàrá calabash beating oral poets and entertainers under Olatunji Kúdẹẹ̀ ̀fù in the court of Ọba Ṣiyanbọ́lá Oníkẹẹ̀ pé Ládìg ́ - bòlù I, the Aláàfin of Ọyọ̀ (1911-1944). Fálétí learnt a lot about narratives and ́ other techniques of rendition from his father’s poetic influence. There are also cases of intertextuality in his narrative poems and other literary works. Fálétí’s narrations and literary works are inspired by the tales he heard from his father, aunt and members of the larger family (Olatunji 1982). These influenced his narrative poems, as they reflect chronicles, heroism and expositions, which he borrowed from the Yorùbá oral poetic genre. Since oral poets are imbued with repertoires of praise poetry, legends, myths, proverbs, songs and history, Fálétí’s narrative poems are filled with the intertextuality of Yorùbá oral materials.

Motion in Classical Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Art ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Group Motion ◽  
Ancient Literature ◽  
Narrative Poems ◽  
Oedipus At Colonus

Ancient literature is full of people, gods, and animals in impressive motion. But while the importance of space has been realized recently, motion has had little attention, for all its prominence in literature, and its interest to ancient philosophy. Motion is bound up with decisions, emotions, character; its specific features are expressive. The book starts with motion in visual art: this leads to the characteristics of literary depiction. Literary works discussed are: Homer’s Iliad; Ovid’s Metamorphoses; Tacitus’ Annals; Sophocles’ Philoctetes and Oedipus at Colonus; Parmenides’ On Nature; Seneca’s Natural Questions. The two narrative poems here diverge rewardingly, as do philosophical poetry and prose; in the prose narrative, as in the philosophical poem, the absence of motion, and metaphorical motion, are important; the dramas scrutinize motion verbally and visually. Each discussion pursues the general roles of motion in a work, with detail on its language of motion; then passages are analysed closely, to show how much emerges when this aspect is scrutinized. A conclusion brings works and passages together. It considers the differences made by genre and by the time of writing. Among aspects of motion which emerge as important are speed, scale, shape of movement, motion and fixity, movement of one person and a group, motion willed and imposed, motion in images and unrealized possibilities. A companion website makes it easier to see passages and analyses together; it offers videos of readings to convey the vitality and subtlety with which motion is portrayed.

Poetry

2020 ◽  
pp. 1015-1025
Author(s):  
Clarissa Vierke
Keyword(s):  
Literary Form ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
African Languages ◽  
Language Form ◽  
Intimate Connection ◽  
Specific Term ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Praise Poetry

This chapter offers an overview of poetry in African languages from all over the continent, which is, on the one hand, the most universal and the most specific literary form. Most African cultures did not have a specific term for literature before colonialism, but have long traditions of rhythmically bound speech reserved for special occasions and used to promote the most important ideals and aspirations of society which have proved flexible to newly emerging styles. Given the beauty, vitality, and long history of poetry and its diversity rooted in its intimate connection with respective cultural contexts, concepts of aesthetics, and language form, the chapter starts by making heuristic use of generic categories, like epic and praise poetry, to be able to both draw comparisons and highlight cultural specifics. It pays attention to poetry’s changing media across time while also going beyond the typical dichotomy of “traditional” and “modern” poetry.

scholarly journals CREATING AN IMAGE OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN LITERATURE LESSONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Nikoletta Gulya ◽  
◽  
Anikó Fehérvári ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Disabled Students ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Research Results

Inclusive education provides an opportunity for students with disabilities to learn with their non-disabled peers. However, inclusive classrooms do not guarantee that non-disabled students will accept or form friendships with students with disabilities. Therefore, there is a need for intervention that facilitates the acceptance of students with disabilities. Literary works are a readily available resource in education to help students learn about society's diversity and its cultural contexts, as long as they depict these social groups appropriately. This study aimed to identify the different recurring patterns of the disability conception within the content of youth literature in primary education, employing content analysis.The research results reveal that people with disabilities are extremely underrepresented and depicted stereotypically in the examined literary works. This representation can reinforce students' negative attitudes toward people with disabilities. Therefore, the stereotypical content should be clarified and discussed during the lessons.

Poetry, Praise, and Patronage: Simonides in Book 4 of Horace's "Odes"

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-47
Author(s):  
Alessandro Barchiesi
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Gift Exchange ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Roman Poet ◽  
Social Constructs ◽  
Poetic Tradition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Lyric Poet ◽  
Praise Poetry

The paper aims at reconstructing the influence of Simonides on a contiguous series of Horatian poems ("Odes" 4.6-9). The starting point is provided by the discovery of new Simonidean fragments published by Peter Parsons and by Martin West in 1992. But the research casts a wider net, including the influence of Theocritus on Horace-and of Simonides on Theoocritus-and the simultaneous and competing presence of Pindar and Simonides in late Horatian lyric. The influence of Simonides is seen in specific textual pointers-e.g., a simile on the death of Achilles in 4.6, the idea of caducity in 4.7-as well as in the composite role-model of Simonides, the immortalizing poet, the flexible praise-singer. Some wider questions are put in perspective: (1) As for Horace's approach to the poetic tradition, the Roman poet is able to glance across whole genealogies of models, without necessarily making a choice, but making the invocation of several predecessors, already linked in a tradition, relevant to his new text. "Odes" 4.7, for instance, features a dialogue of Horace, Homer, Mimnermus and Simonides. The oscillation in modern criticism between an "Alexandrian" and a "classicizing" Horace could be better explained by constructing a complex model of intertextuality: "Pindar" plus "the Pindar in Callimachus"; "Simonides" plus "the Simonides in Theocritus." (2) The dominating influence of Pindar in Book IV could be a part of a richer picture of influence, now difficult to reconstruct since all we have is the four Pindaric books of epinicia, not necessarily the only (and not even the most) widely read choral lyric in antiquity. (3) The reuse of early-classical praise poetry includes references to social constructs and cultural models of patronage, gift exchange, and poetic addressee: they are important in Augustan lyric precisely because they are felt as distant and impossible to recreate, and become a part of Horace's deft and often ironical negotiations with the problem of being a lyric poet in Augustan Rome.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF MORAL VALUE IN 47 RONIN FILM

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Yohanes Johardianto
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Source Of Information

We have been quite familiar with art and literary work in our life. They can be music, pain or literature. Literature is human expression consisting experience, consideration, feeling, idea, spirit, and conviction in form of concrete description that arouse attraction by using language. Literature is the result of ideas that belongs to human. The result of literary works can be written work , pictures or music. Literary works in written form include the novel, poem, short story, verse, etc. While in pictures form include painting, movie, photograph, etc. And literary works in the form of music include songs that every day we listen.   This thesis is an effort to analyze the moral values in the movie entitled “47 Ronin”, which might be very useful for the researcher himself, the readers, and other researchers who might need it as source of information. There are three research problems proposed from this “47 Ronin” analyzing film. They are: (1) The moral value found on this film, (2) The moral values conveyed on this film, (3) The messages that can be delivered to the viewers. Based on the result of this study the researcher found some moral values contained in the movie”47 Ronin”, such as: friendliness, tolerance and acceptance, self-confidence, determination, honesty, positive attitude, patience, initiative and courage, motivation, self respect.  The researcher hopes those values would be useful for the Viewers and the readers of this thesis as their life guidance to be better persons.   Keywords: Moral Value, “47 Ronin” Film  

scholarly journals A fogyatékosság reprezentációja az általános iskolák magyar irodalom tananyagához kapcsolódó irodalmi művekben

Educatio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-393
Author(s):  
Nikoletta Mária Gulya ◽  
Anikó Fehérvári
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Youth Literature

Összefoglaló. Az irodalmi alkotások jól alkalmazhatók az oktatásban arra, hogy a tanulók megismerkedjenek a társadalom sokszínűségével és annak kulturális összefüggéseivel, amennyiben megfelelően ábrázolják ezeket a társadalmi csoportokat. Jelen írás célja, hogy a tartalomelemzés módszerével feltárja és elemezze a magyar általános iskolák tananyagához kapcsolódó irodalmi szemelvénye fogyatékossággal kapcsolatos tartalmait. A kutatás eredményei rávilágítanak, hogy a vizsgált irodalmi szemelvényekben a fogyatékossággal élő szereplők rendkívül alulreprezentáltak és sztereotip módon ábrázoltak, ezáltal erősíthetik a tanulók fogyatékossággal élő emberekkel kapcsolatos előítéleteit, így feldolgozásukkor hangsúlyt kell fektetni a sztereotip tartalmak tisztázására. Summary. Literary works are a readily available resource in education to help students learn about the diversity of society and its cultural contexts, as long as they depict these social groups appropriately. The study aimed to identify the different recurring patterns of the disability conception within the content of youth literature in primary education, employing content analysis. The results of the research reveal that in the examined literary works people with disabilities are extremely underrepresented and depicted stereotypically. This way of representation can reinforce students’ negative attitude towards people with disabilities, therefore the stereotypical content should be clarified and discussed during the lessons.

scholarly journals Translators: Travellers, Not Tourists

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Veronika Rot Gabrovec
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Harry Potter ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Social

The article explores various representations of culture(s) found in contemporary English children’s literature and discusses how they were rendered into Slovene. In the first part, some introductory definitions of culture and approaches to the translation of children’s literature are presented. In the second part, excerpts from selected literary works (for instance, Mary Poppins, Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone, Matilda, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time) are examined, both from the source and the target texts, with more attention paid to the cultural contexts, and the social changes that possibly influenced the translator’s decisions.

scholarly journals NON-OBVIOUS SUBTLETIES OF PLAGIARISM IDENTIFICATION AND SCANDALOUS SPEECHES OF FAMOUS AMERICAN POLITICIANS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрій Гачкевич ◽  
Петро Пенцак
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political History ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Legal Understanding ◽  
Legal Grounds

This article examines the relation between legal and ethical understanding of plagiarism on the basis of three cases in modern American political history. Ethical understanding deals with any theft of others’ work, whereas legal is observed within the Ukrainian legislation. The authors have made the attempt to cover some theoretical and practical aspects related to the process of plagiarism identification. Nixon/McCarthy, Kinnock/ Biden and Patrick/Obama as cases discussed have received publicity in the United States because of plagiarism accusations aimed at their authors being political figures well-known outside the country. Each of them has different consequences for thereputation of speakers involved. Special attention has been given to the issue of public political speech.The results of the research reveal that as a rule, the speeches of politicians refer to oral literary works, even if they were objectified in written form. The notion of a work according to the general formulas described in the national legislation remains unclear, and there are a lot of doubts whether we can protect any result of creative activity in the spiritual realm. Sometimes a judge should be consulted by an expert, able to distinguish a separate work. Journalists do not tend to look into a situation more deeply and that is the reason for why they blame  politicians lacking legal grounds. There are three questions, which are worth considering in cases like those mentioned in the article. Firstly, where does the creative activity of a politician (or his speechwriter), being granted legal protection, start and end. Secondly, do speakers mean to say that they are the authors of words pronounced by them (as B. Obama did not mean to say that he had come up with «I have a dream»). Thirdly, who has written a text of a speech? Wasn’t it somebody else but a speaker? If a politician says words said earlier by someone else, that doesn’t mean he is plagiarizing. Anyway he might avoid any accusations of the plagiarism in legal understanding by using quotes. The study shows that the issue of oral literary works should be elaborated more thoroughly, for example, regarding the presumption of authorship. 

Writing in Aphasia Rehabilitation: Cursive vs Manuscript

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Boone ◽  
Harold M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Correct Response ◽  
The Other ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Manual Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Written Form ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Read Number

Reading and writing performance was observed in 30 adult aphasic patients to determine whether there was a significant difference when stimuli and manual responses were varied in the written form: cursive versus manuscript. Patients were asked to read aloud 10 words written cursively and 10 words written in manuscript form. They were then asked to write on dictation 10 word responses using cursive writing and 10 words using manuscript writing. Number of words correctly read, number of words correctly written, and number of letters correctly written in the proper sequence were tallied for both cursive and manuscript writing tasks for each patient. Results indicated no significant difference in correct response between cursive and manuscript writing style for these aphasic patients as a group; however, it was noted that individual patients varied widely in their success using one writing form over the other. It appeared that since neither writing form showed better facilitation of performance, the writing style used should be determined according to the individual patient’s own preference and best performance.

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