scholarly journals Petrographical petrochemical characteristics of Xa Yu granitoid massif, Binh Thuan province

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Phuc Duc Le ◽  
Huong Thi Thu Ha
Keyword(s):  
Biotite Granite ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Accessory Mineral ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
The Common ◽  
Granitoid Massif

Xa Yu granitoid is isometric shape, with the exposure of 7.5 km2 area. The petrographical component consists of medium – coarse to small grained biotite granite. The vein rocks are incusive of aplite, pegmatoid,…The main mineral components are plagioclase, potassium felspate, quartz, biotite, and little horblende. The common accessory mineral components are zircon, orthite and apatite. Chemical components of rocks are: SiO2: 65.96 –76.50, Na2O: 1.85 –3.30, K2O: 3.60 – 5.27, K2O+Na2O: 5.45 –7.18; K2O/Na2O: 1.23 – 1,95. The content of Ba, Sr is low but Rb is higher, variability Rb/Sr: 0.552 –10.526; Ba/Sr: 0.379 – 1.816, Ba/Rb: 0.055 – 3.092; K/Rb: 235.3 – 246.9, Type I-S-granite.

scholarly journals Mineral, petrography and petro-geochemical characteristics of diabasic dykes at the Trai Mat quarry, Da Lat City

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Phuc Duc Le
Keyword(s):  
Biotite Granite ◽  
Geochemical Characteristics ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Upright Orientation ◽  
Mineral Components

The diabasic dykes exposed at the Trai Mat quarry, Da Lat city intrude the granitoids of Ankroet complex (such as middle – coarse grained biotite granite and leucogranites. As can be seen in the field the thickess of these dykes vary from 0.5m to nearly 1.5 m extended north-south-east slope angles ranging from ~50 0 to being upright (Orientation of lying 31<50 ÷ 90 o). Petographical components consist of diabaz porphyrite. The main mineral components are plagioclase, pyroxene?, quartz, carbonate, chloride. Chemical components of rocks are: SiO2: 54.34 %, K2O: 2.43 %,Na2O: 2,50 %. The content of W, Pb, U, Th, Hf, Rb, Au is higher

The concept of motivation for effective credit risk management

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2567-2593
Author(s):  
M.V. Pomazanov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Type I ◽  
Credit Risk Management ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Business Functions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lending Decisions ◽  
The One

Subject. The study addresses the improvement of risk management efficiency and the quality of lending decisions made by banks. Objectives. The aim is to present the bank management with a fair algorithm for risk management motivation on the one hand, and the credit management (business) on the other hand. Within the framework of the common goal to maximize risk-adjusted income from loans, this algorithm will provide guidelines for ‘risk management’ and ‘business’ functions on how to improve individual and overall efficiency. Methods. The study employs the discriminant analysis, type I and II errors, Lorentz curve modeling, statistical analysis, economic modeling. Results. The paper offers a mechanism for assessing the quality of risk management decisions as opposed to (or in support of) decisions of the lending business when approving transactions. The mechanism rests on the approach of stating type I and II errors and the corresponding classical metric of the Gini coefficient. On the ‘business’ side, the mechanism monitors the improvement or deterioration of the indicator of changes in losses in comparison with the market average. Conclusions. The study substantiates the stimulating ‘rules of the game’ between the ‘business’ and ‘risk management’ to improve the efficiency of the entire business, to optimize interactions within the framework of internal competition. It presents mathematical tools to calculate corresponding indicators of the efficiency of internally competing entities.

scholarly journals FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE PRODUCTION OF IMMUNITY WITH PNEUMOCOCCUS VACCINE

1928 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvan L. Barach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intact Cell ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Lobar Pneumonia ◽  
The Common ◽  
Immunity Mechanism ◽  
Lethal Doses ◽  
Pneumococcus Type

1. The antigenic function of a pneumococcus vaccine made from the intact cell was compared with that derived fron a watery extract of the cell free from formed elements. In each instance, the immunity produced was dependent upon type-specific protective substance and not upon the elaboration of the common protein antibody. 2. The vaccine made from the intact cell resulted in both active and passive immunity which began on the 3rd day, increased markedly to the 5th, and remained approximately stationery to the 7th day. In the case of the Berkefeld filtrate of the shaken bacteria and the filtrate of the broth culture, the immunity began on the 4th day, increased to the 5th, and remained approximately stationery to the 7th day. The immunity produced by Pneumococcus Type I vaccine is greater than that produced by Type II. On the 3rd day, mice vaccinated with Type I vaccine resisted 100,000 minimal lethal doses, whereas mice immunized with Type II resisted 10,000 minimal lethal doses. On the 5th day, a larger percentage of mice survived these doses than on the 3rd day. 3. Certain factors related to the preparation and dosage of the vaccine are discussed. 4. As far as the time interval and the degree of immunity produced are concerned, these results suggest the possibility of employing pneumococcus vaccine in suitable doses in the treatment of lobar pneumonia. That an earlier activity of the immunity mechanism could actually be initiated in a patient with lobar pneumonia has still to be demonstrated.

scholarly journals XIV. On the structure and development of the wing in the common fowl

1888 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 385-398 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Single Type ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Type I ◽  
Single Region ◽  
The Common

Of late years, while the structure of the skull has greatly occupied me, the rest of the skeleton has been neglected in comparison. A quarter of a century ago, or more, the whole skeleton, in Birds especially, occupied much of my thought; and from an even earlier period I have never ceased to gather together embryos and young Birds of all kinds, which should some day serve for a renewal of the work. In this short paper, dealing with a single region, and that principally in a single type, I give the first-fruits of a revised study of the Bird’s skeleton. Many recent workers have dealt with the development of one part or other of the Bird’s wing ; but it seemed to me that we had from none of them a minute account of the successive changes in any one form. And now, having made such a study, I think I have not failed to draw some new facts from it.

scholarly journals Integrated single-cell analysis unveils diverging immune features of COVID-19, influenza, and other community-acquired pneumonia

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex R Schuurman ◽  
Tom DY Reijnders ◽  
Anno Saris ◽  
Ivan Ramirez Moral ◽  
Michiel Schinkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
The Common ◽  
Peripheral Immune Response

The exact immunopathophysiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) remains clouded by a general lack of relevant disease controls. The scarcity of single-cell investigations in the broader population of patients with CAP renders it difficult to distinguish immune features unique to COVID-19 from the common characteristics of a dysregulated host response to pneumonia. We performed integrated single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic analyses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a matched cohort of eight patients with COVID-19, eight patients with CAP caused by Influenza A or other pathogens, and four non-infectious control subjects. Using this balanced, multi-omics approach, we describe shared and diverging transcriptional and phenotypic patterns—including increased levels of type I interferon-stimulated natural killer cells in COVID-19, cytotoxic CD8 T EMRA cells in both COVID-19 and influenza, and distinctive monocyte compositions between all groups—and thereby expand our understanding of the peripheral immune response in different etiologies of pneumonia.

Backscattered Electron Imaging and Microanalysis of Iron-Titanium Oxide Minerals in Fine-Grained Igneous Rocks

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
J. S. Lowther ◽  
K. A. Brunstad
Keyword(s):  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Accessory Mineral ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Oxide Minerals ◽  
Electron Imaging ◽  
Eds Microanalysis

Oxides of iron, titanium, and iron & titanium occur as accessory mineral components of most igneous rocks and generally comprise 1-2% of the total rock volume. In the fine-grained rocks the crystals are usually equidimensional and less than 1 mm across. Because most of them are opaque they cannot be examined using polarized transmitted light in the standard petrographic microscope and must be identified by reflected light (1). We have chosen to study these minerals in the SEM using BSE imaging and EDS microanalysis of carbon-coated polished sections of the rocks which contain them. Alhough this does not permit precise identification of the minerals the technique does reveal textural details which cannot be seen with light microscopy and also allows chemical analysis of the grains or parts of the grains. Furthermore, all these the oxide minerals are very easy to see in the BSE images because they are a higher atomic number (Z) than the silicates that form the bulk of the rock.

Role of common cytokine receptor γ chain (γc)– and Jak3-dependent signaling in the proliferation and survival of murine mast cells

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 2172-2180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Suzuki ◽  
Hiroshi Nakajima ◽  
Norihiko Watanabe ◽  
Shin-ichiro Kagami ◽  
Akira Suto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Cytokine Receptor ◽  
Type I ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
The Common

Abstract The regulatory roles of the common cytokine receptor γ chain (γc)– and Jak3-dependent signaling in the proliferation and survival of mast cells were determined using γc-deficient (γc−) and Jak3-deficient (Jak3−) mice. Although the mast cells in γc− and Jak3− mice were morphologically indistinguishable from those in wild-type mice, the number of peritoneal mast cells was decreased in γc− and Jak3− mice as compared with that in wild-type mice. Among γc-related cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-9, but not IL-2, IL-7, or IL-15, enhanced the proliferation and survival of bone marrow–derived mast cells (BMMCs) from wild-type mice. However, the effects of IL-4 and IL-9 were absent in BMMCs from γc− and Jak3−mice. In addition, IL-4Rα, γc, and Jak3, but not IL-2Rβ or IL-7Rα, were expressed in BMMCs. In contrast, IL-13 did not significantly induce the proliferation and survival of BMMCs even from wild-type mice, and IL-13Rα1 was not expressed in BMMCs. Furthermore, IL-4 phosphorylated the 65-kd isoform of Stat6 in BMMCs from wild-type mice but not from γc− and Jak3− mice. These results indicate that γc- and Jak3-dependent signaling is essential for IL-4– and IL-9–induced proliferation and survival of murine mast cells, that the effects of IL-4 are mediated by type I IL-4R and that type II IL-4R is absent on mast cells, and that IL-4 phosphorylates the 65-kd isoform of Stat6 in mast cells in a γc- and Jak3-dependent manner.

A Rare Case of JAK2 V617F Positive Polycythemia Vera in a Child with Neurofibromatosis Type I.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 4661-4661
Author(s):  
Jason N. Berman ◽  
Wenda L. Greer ◽  
Mignon Loh ◽  
Christie Riddell ◽  
Barbara Morash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycythemia Vera ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Jak2 V617f ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia ◽  
Type I ◽  
Jak2 Mutation ◽  
Genetic Event ◽  
The Common

Abstract Polycythemia vera (PV), is a myeloproliferative disease (MPD) originating in a hematopoietic stem cell resulting in clonal expansion of erythroid progenitors. It is associated with thromboses and malignant transformation. Recently the V617F alteration arising from a mutation in JAK2 has been identified in greater than 90% of cases of PV in adults. PV is rare in children and the frequency of the common JAK2 mutation is significantly lower than in adult patients, indicating that alternative genetic events are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. We have identified a child diagnosed with PV at the age of 15 months, the youngest described in the literature to date. Initial laboratory values demonstrated a WBC of 33 x109/L, hemoglobin 181 g/L, and platelet count of 579 x109/L. Bone marrow cytogenetics were normal. Erythroid colony forming units demonstrated erythropoietin-independent growth. Peripheral blood, buccal swab and saliva analysis revealed the presence of the common JAK2 V617F mutation, but a B lymphocyte cell line and skin-fibroblast-culture from this patient were negative, indicating that the JAK2 mutation was somatic. Peripheral blood from her parents and older brother demonstrated normal blood counts and wild type JAK2 status. This child was also diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) based on meeting NIH consensus diagnostic criteria diagnostic criteria, having the requisite number of appropriately sized café-au-lait macules and Lisch nodules. NF1 and PV have no previously known association, however NF1 is associated with another MPD, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). Patients with NF1 and JMML demonstrate loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the NF1 locus while 60% of JMML patients without NF1 alternatively demonstrate somatic mutations in NRAS, KRAS2 or PTPN11. Taken together, these genetic lesions result in hyperactivation of the RAS/MAPK pathway. Low density single nucleotide polymorphism arrays performed on peripheral blood from this patient failed to demonstrate obvious LOH at the NF1 locus. NF1 gene sequencing failed to identify the cause of the NF1 phenotype. Mutations were not identified in the commonly mutated regions of NRAS, KRAS2 or PTPN11. This case reveals the presence of the most commonly acquired somatic JAK2 mutation in a young child with PV and indicates that buccal swabs and saliva are unreliable sources of unaffected tissue for assessing the presence of germline mutations in PV patients. Moreover, it suggests that some patients with clinical NF1 are at risk for developing other MPDs besides JMML. For this patient, a novel unidentified genetic abnormality resulting in the clinical phenotype of NF1 may serve as a predisposing genetic event accounting for the unusually young age of presentation. The investigation of rare children with PV has the potential to provide valuable insight into the molecular interactions underlying the pathogenesis of MPDs.

scholarly journals Postprandial lipemia is modified by the presence of the polymorphism present in the exon 1 variant at the SR-BI gene locus

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Perez-Martinez ◽  
J Lopez-Miranda ◽  
JM Ordovas ◽  
C Bellido ◽  
C Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scavenger Receptor ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Retinyl Palmitate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Class B ◽  
Exon 1 ◽  
The Common ◽  
Postprandial Lipemic Response

It has recently been reported that carriers of the less common allele at the scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) exon 1 polymorphism are more susceptible to the presence of saturated fatty acid in the diet because of a greater increase in LDL cholesterol. Our aim was to determine if this polymorphism could also influence postprandial lipoprotein metabolism, because the SR-BI has been described as a possible mediator in the intestinal absorption of triacylglycerols. Forty-seven normolipidemic volunteers who were homozygous for the E3 allele at the APOE gene were selected [37 homozygous for the common genotype (1/1) at the SR-BI exon 1 polymorphism and 10 heterozygous (1/2)]. They were given a fat-rich meal containing 1 g fat and 7 mg cholesterol per kg body weight and vitamin A 60,000 IU/m2 body surface. Fat accounted for 60% of calories, and protein and carbohydrates accounted for 15% and 25% of energy respectively. Blood samples were taken at time 0, every 1 h until 6 h, and every 2.5 h until 11 h. Total cholesterol and triacylglycerols in plasma, and cholesterol, triacylglycerols and retinyl palmitate in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins (large and small triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins) were determined. Postprandial responses for triacylglycerols and retinyl palmitate in small triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins were higher in 1/1 individuals than in 1/2 individuals. No other significant differences were noted. Our data show that the presence of the genotype 1/2 is associated with a lower postprandial lipemic response.

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