scholarly journals Antifeedant and larvicidal activities of leaf essential oils from Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King and Lantana camara L. against Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-251
Author(s):  
Hung Thanh Tran ◽  
My-Ngan Thi Luong ◽  
Le Van Bui ◽  
Hieu Trung Tran

The current study was carried out to evaluate antifeedant and insecticidal activities of three essential oils from leaves of Hyptis suaveolens, Chromolaena odorata and Lantana camara against fourth instar larvae of Spodoptera litura under the laboratory conditions. Results indicated that the essential oil from leaves of Hyptis suaveolens had a strong antifeedant impact on the larvae with antifeedant index (AI) of 75.4, 88.5 and 92.9 when leaf disks of Ipomoea batatas were treated with the essential oil at concentration of 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 %, respectively. Also dose dependent mortalities were observed in the larvae topical treated with the essential oil at different concentrations. At the treated concentration of 0.4 mg per each larva, 68.3 % of the larvae were killed after 24 hours, and 25.0 % were died at the pupal stage after 30 days of observation. At the concentration of 1.2 mg/larva, 93.3 % of the larvae were killed after 24 hours, and no emergence of adults was recorded after 30 days of observation. Larvicidal activity of the H. suaveolens essential oil (with the lethal doses LD50=0.16 and LD95=1.52 mg/larva) was stronger than those of the C. odorata and L. camara essential oils (with LD50=0.57–0.63 and LD95=4.64–4.97 mg/larva) after 24 hour of treatment. GC–MS analysis indicates that the major volatile components of the essential oil from leaves of H. suaveolens are composed of b-caryophyllene (30.0 %), eucalyptol (12.0 %), copaene (5.9 %), and a-bergamotene (5.7 %). This essential oil needs to be further investigated and used as a bio-insecticide for control of S. litura.  

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2167-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torranis Ruttanaphan ◽  
Wanchai Pluempanupat ◽  
Chutikan Aungsirisawat ◽  
Polnarong Boonyarit ◽  
Gaelle Le Goff ◽  
...  

Abstract Essential oils are well known to act as biopesticides. This research evaluated the acute toxicity and synergistic effect of essential oil compounds in combination with cypermethrin against Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The effects of distillation extracts of essential oils from Alpinia galanga Zingiberaceae (Zingiberales) rhizomes and Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae (Lamiales) leaves; one of their primary essential oil compounds 1,8-cineole; and linalool were studied on second-instar S. litura by topical application under laboratory conditions. The results showed that A. galanga had the highest control efficiency, whereas1,8-cineole provided a moderate efficacy. The mixtures of linalool, 1,8-cineole, O. basilicum, or A. galanga with cypermethrin were synergistic on mortality. Activity measurements of the main detoxification enzymes show that linalool and 1,8-cineole inhibit the activity of cytochromes P450 and carboxylesterases, which could explain their synergistic effect. Based on our results, the use of these mixtures represents an ideal eco-friendly approach, helping to manage cypermethrin resistance of S. litura.


Author(s):  
Lucia Bićanić ◽  
Silvestar Mežnarić ◽  
Ivana Gobin

Abstract Pathogenic bacteria of the genus Legionella cause atypical pneumonia known as Legionnaires’ disease and flu – like disease known as Pontiac fever. As pathogens of the respiratory system, these bacteria represent a public health problem and there is a need for examine new alternative ways to inactivate them. These bacteria live naturally in water and are transmitted by infectious aerosols. To purify the air, essential oils that show antimicrobial properties are widely used. The anti-Legionella activity of five exotic essential oils and five Mediterranean essential oils characteristic for coastal Croatia was examined. Model organism used in experiments was L. pneumophila (strain 130b). This experiment was conducting with modified version of sealed plate method using a BCYE medium. The exotic essential oil with highest anti-Legionella activity was Niaouli essential oil, and the best anti-Legionella activity among Mediterranean essential oils showed Immortelle essential oil. Anti- Legionella activity of four main chemical compounds was examined and compound that show significant highest anti-Legionella activity was α – pinene. Volatile components of essential oils have a great potential as anti-Legionella agents and further research are needed.


Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huy Hung ◽  
Le Thi Huong ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Chung ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hoai Thuong ◽  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
...  

There are around 140 species in the genus Callicarpa, with 23 species occurring in Vietnam. The Vietnamese Callicarpa species have been poorly studied. In this work, the leaf essential oils of C. bodinieri, C. candicans, C. formosana, C. longifolia, C. nudiflora, C. petelotii, C. rubella, and C. sinuata, have been obtained from plants growing in central Vietnam. The chemical compositions of the essential oils were determined using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. Mosquito larvicidal activities of the essential oils were carried out against Aedes aegypti. All of the Callicarpa leaf essential oils showed larvicidal activity, but two samples of C. candicans were particularly active with 48-h LC50 values of 2.1 and 3.8 μg/mL. Callicarpa candicans essential oil should be considered as a potential alternative mosquito control agent.


2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27

Evaluación del Efecto de los Aceites Esenciales Extraídos de las Hojas del Mastranto (Hyptis suaveolens) y Orégano Francés (Plectranthus amboinicus) sobre las Características Sensoriales del Jamón de Ovejo tipo Curado Andreina Adaliz Cordero1,3, Jacknelly Joselin Cordero 2,3, José Gregorio Lias3 1 Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez, La Quizanda 2 transversal, Carabobo, Venezuela 2 Universidad de Carabobo, Naguanagua 2005, Carabobo, Venezuela. 3 Universidad Nacional Experimental de los Llanos Occidentales “Ezequiel Zamora”, Av. 23 de Enero, Redoma de Ezequiel Zamora, Sede UNELLEZ - Barinas, Venezuela Recibido 13 de noviembre del 2019. Aceptado 6 de diciembre del 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2020.0003/ Resumen Los Aceites esenciales son una mezcla de componentes volátiles, producto del metabolismo secundario de ciertas plantas, cuya composición química principalmente son compuestos del tipo terpénicos, aportando grandes beneficios como antioxidantes, antibacterial entre otros. Se evaluó el efecto sensorial que presentan los aceites esenciales extraídos de las hojas del mastranto (Hyptis suaveolens) y el oregano francés (Plectranthus amboinicus). Para la extracción de los aceites esenciales se realizó una selección del material vegetal fresco tomado directamente de las plantas y se dividió en trozos pequeños, posteriormente se sometió a un proceso de hidrodestilacion por dos horas, usando una trampa de Clevenger. El rendimiento de extracción de los aceites extraídos para ambas, fue de 0,5 mL/1000 mL, (3,5 %). Para las muestras experimentales se aplicaron los aceites esenciales en cuatro formulaciones, 0% de AE H.suaveolens y 0% de P.amboinicus ; 0,2 % de AE H.suaveolens; 0,2 % de AE P.amboinicus, 0,1% de AE H.suaveolens y 0,1% de P.amboinicus. La caracterización fisicoquímica realizados a las cuatro muestras experimentales del Jamón de Ovejo tipo curado a diferentes concentraciones de adición de los aceites esenciales obtenidos por el método de extracción descrito con anterioridad fueron: pH, ceniza y porcentaje de humedad. La evaluación sensorial se realizó con un panel no entrenado, para conocer el nivel de aceptación del producto, mediantes los atributos sensoriales (olor, color, sabor y textura), aplicando una prueba hedónica verbal y finalizado el proceso tecnológico para el análisis de datos se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS V15 la cual arrojó mayor aceptabilidad por parte de los consumidores, las muestras 0,2 % de AE H.suaveolens;y 0,1% de AE H.suaveolens y 0,1% de P.amboinicus, frente a la muestra patrón de formulación original, sin adicción de aceite esencial. Descriptores: Aceites esenciales, Hyptis suaveolens, Plectranthus amboinicus, hidrodestilación, atributos sensoriales. Abstract The essential oils are a mixture of volatile components, product of the secondary metabolism of certain plants, whose chemical composition are mainly compounds of the terpenic type, providing great benefits as antioxidants, antibacterial among others. The sensory effect of the essential oils extracted from the leaves of the mastranto (Hyptis suaveolens) and the French oregano (Plectranthus amboinicus) was evaluated. For the extraction of the essential oils a selection of the fresh vegetal material taken directly from the plants was made and it was divided into small pieces, later it was subjected to a hydrodistillation process for two hours, using a Clevenger trap. The extraction yield of the extracted oils for both was 0.5 mL / 1000 mL, (3.5%). For the experimental samples, the essential oils were applied in four formulations, 0% of AE H.suaveolens and 0% of P.amboinicus; 0.2% of AE H.suaveolens; 0.2% of AE P.amboinicus, 0.1% of AE H.suaveolens and 0.1% of P.amboinicus. The physicochemical characterization performed on the four experimental samples of the cured ham of Ovejo at different concentrations of addition of the essential oils obtained by the extraction method described above were: pH, ash and humidity percentage. The sensory evaluation was performed with an untrained panel, to know the level of acceptance of the product, mediating the sensory attributes (smell, color, taste and texture), applying a verbal hedonic test and completing the technological process for data analysis. I use the statistical package SPSS V15 which showed greater acceptability on the part of consumers, samples 0.2% of AE H.suaveolens, and 0.1% of AE H.suaveolens and 0.1% of P.amboinicus, versus to the standard sample of the original formulation, without the addition of essential oil. Keywords: Essential oils, Hyptis suaveolens, Plectranthus amboinicus, hydrodistillation, sensory attributes.


Author(s):  
Kary Mallam Oumarou ◽  
Lame Younoussa ◽  
Jacob Dogbaga Langsi ◽  
Pierre Saotoing ◽  
Elias Nchiwan Nukenine

The study was undertaken to evaluate the adulticidal efficacy of the methanolic leaf extracts and essential oils of Chenopodium ambrosioides, Hyptis suaveolens and Lippia adoensis against adults of Anopheles gambiae. A chemical profile of each plant extracts (qualitative phytochemical screening) and essential oil (GC/MS analysis) was also determined. Doses of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/bottle of plant extracts and 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/bottle of essential oils were prepared and tested using CDC bottles. In each plant extract, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolic groups, terpenoids, fats and oils were presents. Major chemical constituents of essential oils were thymol (27.09%), sabinene (18.93%) and 4-carene (52.88%) in L. adoensis, H. suaveolens and C. ambrosioides, respectively. L. adoensis extract (at 1000 mg/bottle) and essential oil of H. suaveolens (at 200 mg/bottle) were the most potent causing 100% mortality of An. gambiae adults, 24 h post-exposure. Methanolic extract of L. adoensis (LC50= 20.20 mg/bottle) was the most effective compared to other extracts. Similarly, essential oil of H. suaveolens (LC50= 5.27 mg/bottle) was revealed as the most toxic on An. gambiae adults compared to other oils. Therefore, the extracts of L. adoensis and essential oil of H. suaveolens showed a high activity and should be recommended to be promoting as natural bioinsecticides to control mosquito adults.


Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vita Di Stefano ◽  
Domenico Schillaci ◽  
Maria Grazia Cusimano ◽  
Mohammed Rishan ◽  
Luay Rashan

Frankincense essential oils from Boswellia sacra have been commonly used to treat microbial infections from as early as the 11th century. The main feature of the plant is its gum resin, from which it is possible to obtain essential oils. In the present study, we focused on the comparative study of the oils extracted from the resins of three different Boswellia sacra cultivars (Najdi, Sahli and Houjri). From each of frankincense resin three successive essential oil samples (Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3) were obtained. Houjri gum resin gave the lowest percentage (5%) of total essential oil content but showed the maximum number of volatile components in all three grades. Najdi Grade 2 essential oil showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 52 mg/mL toward relevant pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and samples from Grade 2 of Sahily and Houjiri were particularly active against a dermatological strain Propionibacterium acnes, displaying MIC values of 0.264 and 0.66 mg/mL, respectively. Data obtained from in vitro studies showed that all essential oils had a significant antifungal effect against Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur, showing MIC values ranging from 54.56 to 0.246 mg/mL. This work aims to increase the number of substances available in the fight against pathogens and to combat the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance, encouraging the use of alternative resources, especially in non-clinical settings (farms, food processing, etc.).


2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Anna Wajs-Bonikowska ◽  
Karol Olejnik ◽  
Radosław Bonikowski ◽  
Piotr Banaszczak

Extracts and essential oils from seeds as well as essential oils from cone scales and needles with twigs of the Abies koreana population were studied. An analysis of Korean fir essential oils allowed us to determine 147 volatile compounds. The identified compounds constituted 97–99% of the seed, cone and needle oils. The main volatile in the seed and needle oils was limonene (56.6% and 23.4%, respectively), while the predominant volatile in cone oils was α-pinene (51.2%). Korean fir seeds provided a rich source of both essential oil (3.8–8.5%) and extract, which was isolated with a 24.5% yield and contained numerous groups of fatty acids and phytosterols (414 μg/100g extract). The most prominent fatty acids were unsaturated, among which linoleic (41.2%) and oleic (31.2%) fatty acid were the main ones while the dominant sterols were isomers of ergostadienol and β-sitosterol. A. koreana seeds, cones and needles are a source of many volatile bioactive compounds while the seed extract, with a pleasant scent, contained not only volatiles, but also fractions rich in fatty acids and phytosterols. These facts make A. koreana essential oils and especially the seed extract potential components of cosmetics.


2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Ion Grigore ◽  
Andreea Iulia Grigore ◽  
Laurentiu-Constantin Vlăduţoiu ◽  
Mario Cristea ◽  
Elena Sorica ◽  
...  

The article includes research on the production of essential oils from medicinal plants by applying water vapour distillation, the method most commonly used for the extraction of essential oils from plants. The results consist of extracting the essential oil from 2 types of medicinal plants: lavender and mint with the help of the EUV installation. The paper highlights the important aspects of obtaining quality products, on economically advantageous terms, addressing both specialists, farmers in larger farms and family associations. The article presents the experimental research results on obtaining essential oils from medicinal plants. Oils obtained by this method contain only volatile components, while wax and volatile resins are not found in the finished product.


Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1130
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huy Hung ◽  
Le Thi Huong ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Chung ◽  
Nguyen Cong Truong ◽  
Do Ngoc Dai ◽  
...  

Essential oils have emerged as viable alternatives to synthetic insecticides for control of mosquito-borne pathogens. The leaf essential oils of eight species of Premna (Lamiaceae) growing in central Vietnam have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons dominated most of the Premna essential oils, with the notable exception of Premnamekongensis from Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, which had α-pinene as the major component. Larvicidal activities against Aedes aegypti have been determined and all of the Premna essential oils showed larvicidal activity with 24-h LC50 < 65 μg/mL. The leaf essential oils of Premnacambodiana from Chu Mom Ray National Park and Premnamekongensis from Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve showed the best larvicidal activities with 24-h LC50 of 16.8 and 18.0 μg/mL, respectively. The essential oil compositions and larvicidal activities of P. cambodiana, Premna flavescens, Premnamaclurei, P. mekongensis, and Premnapuberula are reported for the first time. Although the larvicidal activities of Premna leaf essential oils are promising, the essential oil yields are relatively low (0.10–0.25%).


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