scholarly journals Intertextuality in Emily Dickinson's poetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Hong-An
Keyword(s):  
Emily Dickinson ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
Religious Experiences ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
The Bible ◽  
American Poet

A text is absolutely not a writer’s genuine creation, but it principly receives the material and is altered from another text. The concept of intertextuality is constructed by Julia Kristeva (1941-), stressing the interconnection between a text and other prior ones. Intertextuality can be in the form of topics, motifs, images, symbols, and so on, constantly employed by the writer either unconsciously, as believed by Freud, or consciously. In so doing, intertextuality, however, does not mean to diminish creativity in writing; on the contrary, it diversifies the process. Emily Dickinson (1830 – 1886), a talented but reclusive American poet, has utilized quite a number of images, symbols, and tales in the Bible, the text of considerable influence in her culture and society, in her poems. Her intertextuality with the Bible sophisticatedly proves her thoughts of the religion and its practice. Her religious experiences, which are interwoven in her poetry, reveal the spirit of liberty and sensitiveness she possesses. Bearing such philosophy in poetry and life, Dickinson can be regarded as a symbol of American soul, with unique and creative individualism. This paper will analyze and clarify the aforementioned proposition, principly using the method of intertextual criticism.

Critique of Canaan Banana's call to rewrite the Bible

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-288
Author(s):  
S.A. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Biblical Theology ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Religious Experiences ◽  
Canon Formation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
Liberation Struggle ◽  
Liberation Theologian

AbstractCanaan Banana is an African liberation theologian who was prominently involved in Zimbabwe's liberation struggle. He has written an article 'The Case for a New Bible' in which he argues that the Christian Bible should be rewritten so that it can be relevant for people in postcolonial societies. Banana is concerned that there are oppressive texts in the Bible that continue to be used by people to legitimise the oppression of others. He argues that these texts should be removed. Banana is also concerned that the Bible contains revelation which relates to only one people and that religious experiences of other peoples ought to be added to the Bible. Banana has raised important concerns about the Bible which must be addressed by scholars if the Bible is to be relevant in an appropriate way for postcolonial times. Banana boldly makes a proposal to rewrite the Bible to make it relevant and authoritative. Banana has highlighted some important problems that need new and creative solutions. The present article will discuss the problems related to the Bible as seen by Banana, discuss the solutions which Banana proposes for the problems and then critique his proposals. Insights from biblical studies related to hermeneutics, biblical theology and canon formation will be used to propose other solutions to these problems.

Tindal, Matthew (1657–1733)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Loup Seban
Keyword(s):  
Natural Order ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Human Soul ◽  
Natural Religion ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Universal Law ◽  
Will Of God

Matthew Tindal was one of the last and most learned exponents of English deism. His most famous work is Christianity as Old as the Creation (1730), a comprehensive apology for natural religion. In it, he argued that God’s law is imprinted on the nature of all things, including the human soul, and is accessible to reason. Revealed religion merely restates this universal law – the will of God – in a different form. Religion enables us to act in accordance with this natural order, and its end is happiness. However, Tindal was scathingly critical of the clergy, and cast doubt on the reliability of the Bible. Although Tindal’s work was severely criticized by William Law, it exerted a considerable influence on the English and Continental Enlightenment.

The Bible as coping tool: Its use and psychological functions in a sample of practicing Christians living with cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-158
Author(s):  
Mikael Lundmark
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Religious Experiences ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
Role Taking ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Coping Process ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Living With Cancer

This study addresses the Bible as a coping tool in a sample of Swedish practising Christians living with cancer, gathered through a qualitative, in-depth interview study, on religious experiences and expressions that serve in the process of coping with a life situation changed by the disease. Through content analyses, and case studies combining tools from Pargament’s coping theory with, above all, role theory, it is shown that the Bible is a part of the coping process for approximately half of the informants. Furthermore, the Bible plays very different roles in the coping process, even for one single person. In the analyzed material, two different ways of using the Bible in the coping process occurs: Biblical passages as bearer of meaning for the informants, and the actual reading as such of the Bible. The former with two different functions in the coping process: (a) in the Biblical passages, see a direct appeal from God to the individual on a personal level and (b) a specific character in a Bible passage serves as an object of identification for the informant. In the coping process, the Bible provides coping tools for the identified coping methods meditative reading, role taking, and (re)interpretation of biblical passages (motivated by a religious tradition). As such, it mainly serves within the framework of the preserving comprehensive coping method. It is also shown that there are changes in the use of the Bible in connection with the changed life situation, as a result of the disease.

scholarly journals Them that believe: a postmodern exploration of the contemporary Christian serpent-handlers of Appalachia

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
Ralph Hood
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experiences ◽  
Master Narrative ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
No Gold Standard ◽  
Serpent Handling

The call for a new paradigm is loud and clear and consistent with postmodern methods. They are no gold standard to be applied to all investigations; no master narrative to be defended. Interdisciplinary, as the author tries to demonstrate, can mean not only cooperation among disciplines, but also the use of a variety of often discipline favoured methods by a single investigator or a team of investigators whose location within a particular ‘discipline’ is both historically contingent and likely dated in terms of its usefulness. Likewise, the use of multilevel considerations means that the diversity of methods and approaches at various levels of abstraction are necessary to begin any study of religious phenomena in their immense complexity. This study of serpent handlers focuses upon archival research; hermeneutical explorations of textual criticism of the Bible; ethnography linked to videotapes; phenomenological interviews analyzed in terms of a hermeneutical method that reveals the meaningfulness of handling serpents, being anointed, and the experience of near death from serpent bites. The author is committed to exploring the meaning of serpent handling from personal and cultural perspectives, and also takes into account psychological theories to link the symbolic and sign value of serpents that further does justice to the power of the serpent to elicit genuine religious experiences and to serve as an apologetic for a tradition that has been maligned and misunderstood by lay persons and scholars alike. 

Towards a Philosophy of Queer Alterity. Faith and Democracy

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomek Kitliński ◽  
Paweł Leszkowicz
Keyword(s):  
English Summary ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Feminist Studies ◽  
Art Exhibition ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Rabbinical Literature ◽  
Polish Language

The text is an intervention in post-secularist and anti-fundamentalist philosophy of affective alterity. It attempts to reconstruct the philosophical tradition of affective alterity and to construct a theory of it. Homosexuality is affective alterity, the other love of Thou and I. We explore dynamic religions in their openness to the Other. Emphasis is on Judaism and the "Love the stranger" postulate in the Hebrew Bible; we go back to biblical and rabbinical literature as well as Erich Fromm's and Julia Kristeva's psychoanalytic interpretations of them. The idea of hospitality, rooted in the Bible and the Koran, was revived by Jacques Derrida, Julia Kristeva, Griselda Pollock, and Geoffrey H. Hartman. It is of urgent importance in Poland where fundamentalist misogyny and homophobia increase. In our paper, queer rights are examined as human rights - and this is again pertinent in Eastern Europe. The methodology of the intersection of cultural analysis and Jewish studies here are inspired by Mieke Bal and Ernst van Alphen. The particular connection between Jewishness and queerness is stressed by Daniel Boyarin, Ann Pellegrini and Alisa Solomon; as we write, it is to be found in today's Poland in the Shterndlech Iton Babel magazine, published by the younger generation. Also, the feminist studies of Maria Janion, Kazimiera Szczuka and Bozena Uminska are of significance here. We end with visual culture productions: the queer or omni-sexual art exhibition against nationalist censorship Love and Democracy, curated by Pawel Leszkowicz in Poznan (2005), and in Gdansk (2006). Throughout the paper we propose our understanding of love. The text whose part is entitled "Faith and Democracy" is a sequel to our Polish-language book Love and Democracy. Reflexions on the Homosexual Question in Poland (2005) with an extensive English summary. Our loves, our subjectivities are despised and disrespected, but created in art, philosophical research, and activism. Let us exercise (in) love.

Reading ‘The Revelations of the Book / Whose Genesis was June’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Leader
Keyword(s):  
Emily Dickinson ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Supernatural Power ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Biblical Allusions ◽  
Religious Training

Emily Dickinson had a passionate relationship with the Bible. Her poetry and letters are replete with biblical allusions and references, and her early, rigorous religious training exposed her to hermeneutical methodologies, such as typology, that she freely modified when she deployed Scripture in her poems. As a woman artist, Dickinson constructed feminist tactics not only to subvert gender expectations about women, language, and poetry, but also to address directly what she found offensive or unfair in the Bible. She considered herself to be in an unmediated, egalitarian relationship with the Protestant Scriptures, and her primary interpretive lens was relational. For Dickinson, the Word’s dynamism pulls readers into mysterious interconnection with supernatural power; this power communicates to the heart, above and beyond what the text’s objective words alone might say.

Reflections on Reading the Bible

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Jasper
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Dream Visions ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Biblical Texts ◽  
Looking Back

Looking back over two decades, the author recalls her appropriation of theoretical tools from the French poststructuralist philosopher, Julia Kristeva: first to read women and the feminine-identified flesh back into biblical texts and to resist older readings that viewed these presences as inferior agents or contaminants. Secondly Kristeva’s idea of female genius gives theoretical support to the case that women continually challenge orthodox biblical readings in inauspicious male-normative circumstances by reading the Bible for themselves. Illustrating the concept of female genius, the chapter returns to Jane Leade, a seventeenth-century visionary. She exemplifies the capacity of women to bring something singular and authentic—such as her descriptions of the biblical figure of Wisdom as female and her dream-visions of bodily restorations—to their readings of the Bible. The author continues to pose the question as to whether or not women (and other genders) can continue to profit from reading the Bible.

Short Text: Experiment in Quantitative Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Vadim Andreyev
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Emily Dickinson ◽  
Long Poem ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Limited Size ◽  
The World ◽  
American Poet ◽  
Quantitative Text Analysis ◽  
Different Levels

The method of quantitative text analysis is usually associated with vast corpora of text utilized to solve problems of attribution, dating, data mining, etc. The article is aimed to demonstrate that quantitative analysis can be used for the study of short pieces a few stanza long. The research deals with the 12 lines long poem «The name – of it – is Autumn» by Emily Dickinson, a famous American poet. The feature set is based on metaphorical models realized in the text, lexical units representing them, morphological classes of words, characteristics of syntax including verse syntax and rhythm. The conducted study has demonstrated that counting elements of text, which belong to different levels and aspects of verse text, makes it possible to reveal text inner structure, as well as the ways and the means used for the presentation of authorial metaphoric and spacial picture of the world. There is a positive correlation between the author’s use of semantic and linguistic means, whose frequency is also interrelated with the alteration of statics vs. dynamics ratio in the poetic world.The obtained data point at the possibility and necessity to apply the methodology of quantitative analysis even in the study of a limited size texts.

scholarly journals La Chute: teks en intertekstuele verhoudinge

Literator ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
E. Snyman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Albert Camus ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
First Person ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Social ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
The Way

This article aims at making an intertextual analysis of Albert Camus’ second-last work of prose. La Chute, with the question of how meaning is structured by the act of reading as its point of departure. Based on the theories of Julia Kristeva and Jonathan Culler on intertextuality, the article tries to point out to what extent a knowledge of other texts influences the way in which the reader receives La Chute. Attention is given to the different ways in which other texts, first-person narratives, the Bible, Dante’s Inferno, Camus’ L ’Homme Révolté and the social-cultural context of the twentieth century, are integrated in La Chute. The degree to which a knowledge of these other texts and contexts is necessary for reading La Chute is also touched upon.

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