scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF MAGNITUDE OF ASYMPTOMATIC AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Deepali Kamdar
Keyword(s):  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Obstructive Airway Disease ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Health Care Infrastructure

Background: Asymptomatic Airflow Obstruction causes major health problem related to lung diseases worldwide, along with stress on health care infrastructure of the country. Obstructive Airway Disease also imposes economic burden and increase the out of pocket expenditure of the patient and the country. Material & Methods: The present prospective study was conducted at GCS Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Ahmadabad from January 2016 to December 2016. A sample size of 100 was calculated at 95% confidence interval at 10% acceptable margin. Patients were enrolled from outdoor and from ward by simple random sampling. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before start of study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Results:  In the present study, on the assessment of pulmonary function test, it was found that 70% of patient had normal PFT, 18% of patients had obstructive PFT and 12% of patients had restrictive PFT. On the assessment of obstructive airway disease by GOLD – Staging it was found that out of total study participants, 8% of patients had mild obstruction (Stage 1), 6% had moderate obstruction (Stage 2), 3% had severe obstruction (Stage 3) and 1% had very severe obstruction (Stage 4) Conclusion: there was high burden of undiagnosed asymptomatic obstructive airway disease reported among patients of different severities with males were more commonly affected than females. Therefore, use of Spirometry should be incorporate in all routine health check-ups. Key words: Obstructive Airway Disease, Asthma, Spirometry.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ASYMPTOMATIC AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Deepali Kamdar
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Obstructive Airway Disease ◽  
P Value ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Obstructive Airway Disease also imposes economic burden and increase the out of pocket expenditure of the patient and the country.(1)  In previous researches it was found that obstructive Airway Disease were reported frequently and often present with complications. The most commonly seen obstructive airway diseases are COPD, Asthma, Bronchitis, Bronchiolitis and Bronchiectasis. Material & Methods: In the present study100 Asymptomatic Patients with not previously diagnosed Obstructive Airway disease and patients with no evidence of any physical disease were included in the study. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before start of study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Results: Out of the total, 15 (20.3%) of the male population and 3 (11.5%) of the female population had asymptomatic airflow obstruction with statistically significant difference (P value <0.05). Out of the total on the basis of distribution according to BMI (Kg/m2), 7 (15.5%) patients had airflow obstruction among lower BMI population and 11 (20%) patients had airflow obstruction among higher BMI population with statistically non-significant difference (P value >0.05). ). Out of the total on the basis of distribution according to weight, 4 (11.1%) patients had airflow obstruction among age <50 years population and 14 (21.8%) patients had airflow obstruction among age >50 years population with statistically significant difference (P value <0.05). Conclusion: There was high burden of undiagnosed asymptomatic obstructive airway disease reported among patients who were males, higher age and had higher BMI. Patients who were current smokers had maximum airflow obstruction in compared to patients who never had smoking habit and patients who were ex-smokers. Key words: Obstructive Airway Disease, COPD, Spirometry.

ROLE OF TOPICAL APPLICATION OF NANO SILVER ON ULCER HEALING: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Ashok Kumar Meghwal
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
P Value ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Nano Silver ◽  
Institutional Ethics

Background: The disruption of cellular flow of any tissue or its integrity cause wounds which associated with loss of function however, etiology is highly diverse. Among the etiological factors, they can be physical, chemical and surgical and even microbial injuries. Therefore, correction of damaged tissue or wound management plays a significant role in better quality of life to the patient Material & Methods: The present study was prospective comparative interventional study 100 Patients who had ulcers were enrolled from outdoor and from ward by simple random sampling. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before start of study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Results: In the present study, among the povidone iodine group, 49 (98%) patients had slough on day 1st, 04 (8%) patients had slough after 1 week, 40 (80%) patients had slough after 2 weeks, 33 (66%) patients had slough after 3 weeks, 19 (38%) patients had slough after 4 weeks, 08 (16%) patients had slough after 5 weeks and 0 (0%) patients had slough after 6 weeks. In the nano silver group, 49 (98%) patients had slough on day 1st, 41 (82%) patients had slough after 1 week, 24 (48%) patients had slough after 2 weeks, 09 (18%) patients had slough after 3 weeks, 03 (06%) patients had slough after 4 weeks, 0 (0%) patients had slough after 5 weeks. We found statistically significant differences on the presence of slough after 2nd week onwards in both groups (p value < 0.05). Conclusions: We concluded from the present study that the topical application of nano silver gel for ulcer dressing shows faster and better healing in comparison to ulcer healing in povidone iodine group. In nano silver group 100% patients had granulation tissue by the end of 5th weeks and none of patients had slough by the end of 5th weeks. Key words: ulcer, healing, nano silver, povidone iodine.

scholarly journals Hypersegmented airway neutrophils and its association with reduced lung function in adults with obstructive airway disease: an exploratory study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e024330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Lokwani ◽  
Peter A B Wark ◽  
Katherine J Baines ◽  
Daniel Barker ◽  
Jodie L Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Obstructive Airway Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Nuclear Morphology ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesThe significance of neutrophilic inflammation in obstructive airway disease remains controversial. Recent studies have demonstrated presence of an active neutrophil population in systemic circulation, featuring hypersegmented morphology, with high oxidative burst and functional plasticity in inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to characterise neutrophil subsets in bronchial lavage (BL) of obstructive airway disease participants (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis) and healthy controls on the basis of nuclear morphology and to assess the association between neutrophil subsets and the clinical parameters of the obstructive airway disease participants.DesignA cross-sectional exploratory study.SettingJohn Hunter Hospital and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Australia.ParticipantsSeventy-eight adults with obstructive airway disease comprised those with stable asthma (n=39), COPD (n=20) and bronchiectasis (n=19) and 20 healthy controls.Materials and methodsCytospins were prepared and neutrophil subsets were classified based on nuclear morphology into hypersegmented (>4 lobes), normal (2–4 lobes) and banded (1 lobe) neutrophils and enumerated.ResultsNeutrophils from each subset were identified in all participants. Numbers of hypersegmented neutrophils were elevated in participants with airway disease compared with healthy controls (p<0.001). Both the number and the proportion of hypersegmented neutrophils were highest in COPD participants (median (Q1–Q3) of 1073.6 (258.8–2742) × 102/mL and 24.5 (14.0–46.5)%, respectively). An increased proportion of hypersegmented neutrophils in airway disease participants was significantly associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity per cent (Spearman’s r=−0.322, p=0.004).ConclusionNeutrophil heterogeneity is common in BL and is associated with more severe airflow obstruction in adults with airway disease. Further work is required to elucidate the functional consequences of hypersegmented neutrophils in the pathogenesis of disease.

Use of Pulse Oximetry to Recognize Severity of Airflow Obstruction in Obstructive Airway Disease

CHEST Journal ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina V. Hartert ◽  
Arthur P. Wheeler ◽  
James R. Sheller
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Obstructive Airway Disease

scholarly journals Evaluation of antibiotic sensitivity pattern in acute tonsillitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1162
Author(s):  
Mayur H. Ingale ◽  
G. D. Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Acute Tonsillitis ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The use of antibiotics against different pathogens in acute tonsillitis has been the general trend through the years. Penicillin has been the drug of choice for the management. But due to increased incidence of resistance in case of penicillin’s, other antibiotics are also used for the treatment of acute tonsillitis. The study was conducted with the objective to find out the antibiotic sensitivity and susceptibility pattern against microbial pathogens in acute tonsillitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Our prospective observational study was carried out in the otorhinolaryngology department in Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre. The period of study was from June 2015 to August 2015. After getting approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) throat swabs were collected randomly from 50 patients visiting the ENT OPD. An informed consent was obtained from every patient who was a part of this study before commencing the study.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The commonly used antibiotics showed a higher resistance pattern as compared to the less commonly used antibiotics. Ampicillin and Amoxicillin showed poor sensitivity results in case of both <em>Streptococci </em>as well as <em>Staphylococci</em>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Study findings therefore helped in perusing a guarded and judicious use of antibiotics in cases of acute tonsillitis and will thus help in improving the quality of antibiotic therapy provided to the patient. </p>

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THYROID FUNCTION AMONG DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Chetan Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Thyroid disorders are reported in higher magnitude among general population, although its prevalence is not as high as prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Thyroid disorders are endocrine in nature as diabetes mellitus and various studies were conducted to find out correlation between both the disorders. Material & Methods: Patients who were presenting with type 2 diabetes mellitus and confirmed with laboratory investigations and healthy controls were enrolled from outdoor and from ward by simple random sampling. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before start of study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant Conclusion:  We concluded from the present study that the patients of diabetes mellites had higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in comparison to the healthy controls enrolled in the study. We found subclinical hypothyroidism was more common than clinical hypothyroidism. Key words: thyroid dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism.

SIGNIFICANCE OF PLACENTAL HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PRETERM/TERM BIRTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kushwaha ◽  
Sanjeev Narang
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Medical College

Background: This study is cross-sectional, observational and comparative study, at Index Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh from July 2017 to July 2019 with sample size 100 placentae. Method: The placenta received was evaluated blinded of maternal pregnancy outcome. The pattern of morphology was evaluated both qualitatively (type of lesion) and quantitatively (number of lesions). Result: In Present study 79% of the deliveries were term deliveries and 21% were preterm deliveries. On placental macroscopy, placenta weight was significantly low among the neonates of preterm deliveries (370.00±60.49) as compared to term deliveries (440.89±55.22). Preterm placenta had higher number of abnormal placental lesion compared to term pregnancies. Conclusion: The uteroplacental insufficiency defined as placental infarct, fibrosis of chorionic villi, thickening of blood vessels, and poor vascularity of chorionic villi. Placental histopathological lesions are strongly associated with maternal under perfusion and uteroplacental insufficiency. These are the reasons for preterm birth. Thus, knowledge of the etiological factor can be use to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortility. Keywords: Placenta, Term & Preterm.

ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION BETWEEN LEUKODERMA AND PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mukesh Batra
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Illness Anxiety

Background: Leukoderma is an acquired disease of pigmentation which is presented by depigmented areas of different shape and sizes on the skin. In various researches it was reported that these defects in melanocytes occurred due to autoimmune pathway or the complex causation of oxidative stress and genetics. Material & Methods: In the present cross‑sectional prospective study 100 patients who were diagnosed with Leukoderma and controls who were not having depigmentation of skin and without any known clinical disease were enrolled for present study by simple random sampling. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Clearance from institutional ethical committee was also taken prior to the study. Results: The prevalence of psychiatric illness among leukoderma group was 22% and among 78% patients we did not found any psychiatric illness. The most common symptom was depression which was present among 22% of patients with Leukoderma and 18% patients with Leukoderma had anxiety symptoms. Among the control group depression was present in 5 % subjects and anxiety symptoms were present in 7% of subjects. The mean WHO-Quality of life scores was low among Leukoderma group in relation to the control group (p value <0.05). On correlation with psychiatric illness, observations were statistically non-significant (p > 0.05) with HAMA-A and HAMA- D. The observations were statistically significant (p < 0.05) with GHQ total and BSA score. Conclusion:  Higher prevalence of psychitric morbidity among patients with leukoderma and it was found associated with duration of disease and BSA scores. The most common symptom was depression which was followed by anxiety symptoms. Key words: Leukoderma, psychiatric illness, anxiety, depression.

TO ANALYZE THE EFFECT OF DAMAGE TO OTHER OCULAR TISSUES ON VISUAL OUTCOME AFTER TRAUMATIC CATARACT SURGERY.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mita V. Joshi ◽  
Dr. Sudhir Mahashabde
Keyword(s):  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Traumatic Cataract ◽  
Visual Axis ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Ocular Injuries ◽  
Final Visual Outcome

All patient coming to Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore operated in Department of Ophthalmology for traumatic cataract due to various injuries Result: Of the 37 patients, 19 patients (51%) showed corneal/ corneal sclera injury. 10 cases had injury to iris in the form of spincter tear, traumatic mydriasis, iris incarceration, floppy iris, posterior and anterior synechiae. Subluxation of lens was seen in 2 cases and Dislocation of lens was in 1 cases. 3 cases had corneal opacity. Old retinal detachment was seen in 1 (3%) case. Out of 30 cases who had associated ocular injuries, 3 cases had vision of HM, 07 cases had vision of CF-ctf – CF-3’, 01 cases had vision of 5/60, 07 cases had vision of 6/60-6/36, 03 cases had vision of 6/24-6/18, 09 cases had vision of 6/12-6/6. Out of 7 cases without associated in injury, 2 cases had vision of 6/24-6/18, 05 cases had vision of 6/12-6/6. Conclusion: Corneal scarring obstructing the visual axis as well as by inducing irregular astigmatism formed an important cause of poor visual outcome in significant number of cases. Irreversible posterior segment damage lead to impaired vision case. The final visual outcome showed good result however the final visual outcome depends upon the extent of associated ocular injuries. Effective Intervention and management are the key points in preventing monocular blindness due to traumatic cataract. Keywords: Ocular, Tissues, Traumatic, Cataract & Surgery.

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