scholarly journals Effect of Relief Maneuvers on Staff Preparedness for Disasters

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-122
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Effective Relationships ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
West Azerbaijan ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Organizational Preparedness ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

INTRODUCTION: Investigation of natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes and floods) has a long history due to the lack of knowledge of humans about the severity and strength of these accidents or the time and place of their occurrence. In this regard, it is necessary to develop national plans for the reduction of the vulnerability of people who are exposed to such disasters. Execution of maneuvers can effectively raise the awareness of relief workers and even the society which would result in the reduction of disaster damage. Therefore, the execution of maneuvers is an appropriate response to these needs and a solution to this problem. METHODS: This applied survey study was performed on the staff of the Red Crescent Society of West Azerbaijan Province. The required data were collected using the library and field methods. Finally, the collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version16). FINDINGS: Based on the findings, relief maneuvers had a direct effect on various aspects of staff preparedness. Therefore, it can be said that all research hypotheses were confirmed. CONCLUSION: It can be said that the design and execution of relief maneuvers can help to identify opportunities, eliminate threats, and increase the preparedness and capability of the staff. This increases the individual and organizational preparedness of the employees. Moreover, effective relationships between managers and employees can create strong morale in the employees and increase their preparedness for accidents and disasters.

scholarly journals Rational emotional behavior: How to reduce irrational beliefs in victims post-natural disasters

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Mawardi Djamaluddin ◽  
Suryani Hi Umar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive ◽  
The Individual

Natural disasters that occur over a long period of time and the level of damage that occurs often affect the psychological condition of the individual causing individuals to experience traumatic experiences that are hard to forget. Traumatic experiences experienced as a result of natural disasters also influence one's view of the natural disaster itself. Some people may have rational views while others have irrational views. This irrational view often makes individuals feel even more traumatized by the bad experiences they have experienced. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of rational emotive behaviour counselling in reducing irrational beliefs experienced by people experiencing natural disasters. The research method used was quantitative with an experimental design. The research subjects were earthquake victims in Tomara Village, South Halmahera Regency who had irrational beliefs in the high category based on the results of filling in data from the irrational belief scale. The results showed that rational emotive behaviour therapy counselling was effective in reducing irrational beliefs experienced by people experiencing natural disasters.

scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Providers in Obstetrics: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Del Piccolo ◽  
Valeria Donisi ◽  
Ricciarda Raffaelli ◽  
Simone Garzon ◽  
Cinzia Perlini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
The Individual

Objective: To assess the psychological distress of healthcare providers (HCPs) working in the field of obstetrics during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to identify factors associated with psychological distress at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level.Design: Cross-sectional survey study.Setting: Four University hospitals in Italy.Participants: HCPs working in obstetrics, including gynecologists, residents in gynecology and obstetrics, and midwives.Methods: The 104-item survey Impatto PSIcologico COVID-19 in Ostetricia (IPSICO) was created by a multidisciplinary expert panel and administered to HCPs in obstetrics in May 2020 via a web-based platform.Main Outcome Measures: Psychological distress assessed by the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) included in the IPSICO survey.Results: The response rate to the IPSICO survey was 88.2% (503/570), and that for GHQ-12 was 84.4% (481/570). Just over half (51.1%; 246/481) of the GHQ-12 respondents reported a clinically significant level of psychological distress (GHQ-12 ≥3). Psychological distress was associated with either individual (i.e., female gender, stressful experience related to COVID-19, exhaustion, and the use of dysfunctional coping strategies), interpersonal (i.e., lower family support, limitations in interactions with colleagues), and organizational (i.e., reduced perception of protection by personal protective equipment, perceived delays on updates and gaps in information on the pandemic) factors in dealing with the pandemic.Conclusions: Results confirm the need for monitoring and assessing the psychological distress for HCPs in obstetrics. Interventions at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level may relieve the psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and foster resilience skills in facing emotional distress.

scholarly journals Corruption in Latin America

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel R. Ramos ◽  
Marcelo Moriconi
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Perceived Justice ◽  
Stereotype Content ◽  
Positive Direct

Latin America has experienced a series of recent corruption scandals, resulting in an unprecedented uncertainty in political leadership across the whole region. Within this context, we have conducted a survey study comprising nine countries in Latin America ( n = 1,250) examining the stereotype content of politicians. We tested a dual effects model in which the stereotypes of politicians were predicted to shape perceptions of justice directly and indirectly through the activation of affect. Our findings revealed that politicians tended to be stereotyped with negative morality traits and with a certain degree of negativity across other stereotype dimensions. Results supported a positive direct effect of morality on perceived justice and a positive indirect effect through the activation of affect. We discuss the implications of these findings for the current political context in Latin America and also for our understanding of perceptions about politicians and their relationship with leader and power legitimacy.

Individual Factors Affecting the Participation of Turkish People in the New Individual Pension System

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Emine Ebru Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
System A ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

In Turkey, the first step of the individual pension system was based on volunteerism, but the voluntary system resulted in limited participation. Thus, the second step of the system has started to be implemented mandatorily since 2017, and participants were allowed to opt-out the system within two months. More than half of participants in the system preferred to leave the system. Therefore, this study aims to examine individual factors affecting their decision of staying in this system. A survey study was conducted with 374 people selected using the random sampling method. As a result of the study, a positive relationship was found only between the dependent variable and gender, but a significant relationship was determined only between the dependent variable and education level. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that if the system will need to be improved, the low-performing fund management of the new individual pension system should be re-audited, and the confidence in the system should be increased in this way.

Present-orientation and the outcome of contemplating death

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-329
Author(s):  
Ryo Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Ego Identity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the outcome of contemplating death during young adulthood, a change in time attitude, is influenced by present-orientation via the views of death. A total of 199 undergraduates responded to a questionnaire assessing time attitude and present-orientation before and after the assignment to contemplate death. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that present-orientation has a direct effect on the outcome, but the view of death does not have a mediated effect. The results of ANOVA also supported the direct effect of present-orientation. The analysis of the individual description showed that present-orientation has relevance with how to think life after contemplating death. The relationships between contemplating death and young adults’ ego identity which is closely related to time perspective were discussed.

scholarly journals Learning Strategies and Learner Preferences

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Krishna Kumari Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Learner Preferences ◽  
The Individual

Learning and teaching is a difficult job. Moreover, there are different ways of learning for all students. This article highlights how different learners learn in a different way, i.e. what different strategies they use in learning. All learners are different. And, this is more specifically based up on the students in that they have their own individual techniques in learning. We have rarely been able to address the individual variations in a class. Building on a survey study, this article emphasizes the fact that the techniques and learning strategies of the learners be addressed. For the purpose of the study, 50 students from a school of Lalitpur District were purposively selected and inquired via a questionnaire regarding the strategies they more preferred. They were form the secondary level. The article concludes that like other level learners, they also have various ways of doing the things during learning and this is to be understood by every teacher.

The Effects of Transformational Leadership on Employees Satisfaction, Work-group Supportiveness, Commitment, and Performance: A Field Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Chinelo Grace NZELIBE ◽  
Mehmet Fatih YASAR
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Employees Satisfaction ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual

<p>The study examined the effects of transformational leadership on employees’ satisfaction, workgroup supportiveness, commitment, and performance at both the individual and at the organizational levels.</p><p>A survey study was conducted at the Armorp Nigeria Limited, using a sample of 280 employees. The study sought to investigate specifically the mechanism through which transformational leadership influences employee’s commitment to their job schedules as well as to the organization. Six propositions which explained the relationships among the variables in the study were postulated, five accepted and one partially rejected. Pearson correlation, one way analysis of variance, multiple regression analysis and Chi-square were used in the analysis of data. The results suggest that transformational leadership directly affects employee’s satisfaction and commitment to job schedule and to the organization. But, employee’s commitment to their supervisors was not significant as other intervening variables were at work. The regression analysis reveals that the best indicator of employee satisfaction is workgroup supportiveness. The influence of grapevine interactions within the organization, if properly harnessed by a transformational leader directly results in essential mechanism that subsequently leads to employee’s satisfaction, commitment, and increased performance. Monetary incentives if closely tied to motivation might be helpful in creating a more satisfying and productive work environment. This study thus, suggests a new paradigm in which the study of leadership can be based in African setting in order to create effective and viable organizations.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluating the Relation between Personality Properties with Job Satisfaction of the Staff

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Alvankar Golpayegan
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Organizational Role ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Individual

<p>In any organization, any individual’s organizational role should be coordinated with his individual personality in order for the individual behavior to be coordinated with organizational behavior and in order for the organization’s life not to be disturbed in the case of lack of authenticity between individual personality with organizational role so that the members of organization may get in to trouble influenced by such a conflict and be inevitable before the organization. The aim of this research is evaluating the relation between personality properties with job satisfaction of the staff. The current research method is descriptive correlation. Statistical society of the present research were all staff of a governmental organization in Tehran city. Research sample was 80 people who were chosen through random sampling. Finally, in order for analysis of the data, SPSS software was used. The results of this research showed that there was a significant relation and positive correlation between introversion personality type with the extent of job satisfaction and also there was a negative and significant relation between two variables of extroversion personality type with job satisfaction. On the other hand, considering personality dimensions of the individuals in the organization is among the categories that has an efficient role in progress and health improvement of workforce.</p>

scholarly journals EVIDENCE ON PRACTICES OF DAIVAVYAPASHRAYA CHIKITSA IN PRESENT SCENERIO W.S.R BALAGRAHA – A SURVEY STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 4133-4137
Author(s):  
Manjula H
Keyword(s):  
Survey Study ◽  
Supernatural Power ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Bala Chikitsa (pediatric) one among the Ashtanga Ayurveda (eight branches of Ayurveda) highlights the importance of concept of Bala (child). Preventive and therapeutic aspects of diseases of children are ex-plained here. Nija Dosha Samutha Vyadhi (endogenous)are able to cure through the Yukti Vyapashraya Chikitsa, but Agantuja Vyadhi (exogenous) afflicted through Grahas (supernatural power) are to be cured through Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa only. There are circumstances in the present scenario, where diagnosis regarding the Agantuja Roga are vanishing or depleting due to the lack of knowledge. Since from the Veda Kala performing the rituals are followed for the health of the society and individual, which constituted un-der Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa, in order to get rid off biological unpredictable diseases. As in present sce-nario the importance of Graha Chikitsa is deteriorating. So, here the survey study was conducted to docu-ment the practices of Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa in the present scenario.

scholarly journals Impact of Artificial Intelligence, With and Without Information, on Pathologists’ Decisions: An Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Meyer ◽  
April Khademi ◽  
Bernard Têtu ◽  
Wencui Han ◽  
Pria Nippak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Gleason Grade ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly gaining attention in medicine and in pathology in particular. While much progress has been made in refining the accuracy of algorithms, thereby increasing their potential use, we need to better understand how these algorithms will be used by pathologists, who will remain for the foreseeable future the decision-makers. The objective of this paper is to determine the propensity of pathologists to rely on AI decision aids and to investigate whether providing information on the algorithm impacts this reliance.Methods: To test our hypotheses, we conducted an experiment with within-subjects design using an online survey study. 116 respondent pathologists and pathology students participated in the experiment. Each participant was tasked with assessing the Gleason grade for a series of 12 prostate cancer samples under three conditions: without advice, with advice from an AI decision aid, and with advice from an AI decision aid with information provided on the algorithm, namely the algorithm accuracy rate and the algorithm model. Scores were computed by comparing the respondents’ scores with the “true” score at the individual-question level. A mixed effects logistic regression was used to analyze the difference in scores between the different conditions, controlling for the random effects of participants and images and to assess the interactions with Experience, Gender and beliefs towards AI.Results: Participant responses to the questions with AI decision aids were significantly more accurate than the control condition without aid. However, no significant difference was found when subjects were provided with additional accuracy rate and model information on the AI advice. Moreover, the propensity to rely on AI was found to relate to general beliefs on AI but not with particular assessments of the AI tool offered. Males also performed better in the No-aid condition but not in the AI-aid condition.Conclusions: AI can significantly influence pathologists and the general beliefs in AI could be major predictors of future reliance on AI by pathologists.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document