scholarly journals Learning Strategies and Learner Preferences

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Krishna Kumari Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Learner Preferences ◽  
The Individual

Learning and teaching is a difficult job. Moreover, there are different ways of learning for all students. This article highlights how different learners learn in a different way, i.e. what different strategies they use in learning. All learners are different. And, this is more specifically based up on the students in that they have their own individual techniques in learning. We have rarely been able to address the individual variations in a class. Building on a survey study, this article emphasizes the fact that the techniques and learning strategies of the learners be addressed. For the purpose of the study, 50 students from a school of Lalitpur District were purposively selected and inquired via a questionnaire regarding the strategies they more preferred. They were form the secondary level. The article concludes that like other level learners, they also have various ways of doing the things during learning and this is to be understood by every teacher.

scholarly journals Manajemen Mutu Dalam Peningktaan Kompetensi Profesional Guru Di Man 2 Model Medan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Riduan Pohan, Muhammad Rizki
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Teacher Professionalism ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Management Function ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Teacher Professional ◽  
The Individual

Quality management, and find efforts in improving teacher professional competence in MAN 2 Model Medan. This type of research i s a qualitative descriptive study that is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral words from people and actors observed, directed from an individual's background as a whole (holistically) without isolating the individual and his organization in a variable but looking at it as part of a wholeness. This study uses qualitative techniques in data collecting. In general, in qualitative research, researcher uses data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and document studies. The results showed: (1) That the MAN 2 Model Medan Madrasa teacher was a professional teacher. Teacher professionalism correlates with the quality of educational products. Professional teachers make education or a quality learning process, so students are happy to participate in the learning process, so that human resources are produced from quality madrasa graduates, (2) Generally the teachers at MAN 2 Model Medan apply various models of learning both learning cooperative and technology-based learning, (3) That there are two learning strategies that are always carried out by teachers in implementing the learning and teaching process, namely cooperative learning and technology-based learning, the number of teachers in MAN 2 Model Medan have been certified and have better career paths. This can be seen from the large number of teachers who have undertaken higher education, namely Masters. improve the quality management function in the madrasa in its leadership, the processes of the quality management function are carried out, namely: Planning, organizing, Scavenging, and monitoring.

A Qualitative Study of Developing Competency in Thyroid Surgery: A Resident’s Perspective With 5 Year Follow Up

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942199691
Author(s):  
Gabriela DeVries ◽  
Megan Rudolph ◽  
Howard David Reines ◽  
Philip E. Zapanta
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Surgical Specialty ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Individual

Objectives: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has guidelines on assessing surgical qualifications based on experience. Attending surgeons have various assumptions on how their trainees learn and acquire surgical skills. This study primarily investigates the resident’s perspective on gaining experience and achieving competency in thyroid surgical procedures. Methods: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was designed to derive themes that discuss the acquisition of competency in thyroid surgery. After IRB approval, data was collected from 2012 to 2014 at 4 academic centers in the Washington, DC area. Fourteen chief residents specializing in either general surgery or otolaryngology were interviewed until saturation was achieved. These semi-structured interviews were transcribed and broken up into codes utilizing Moustakas’ analysis. A comprehensive list of master themes in regards to achieving competency in thyroid surgery was developed. A follow up survey of the surgeons was undertaken at 5 years to determine if the perceptions during residency persisted in practice. Results: Surgical specialty residents experience and learn thyroid surgery in 5 learning themes: 1. Self—directed learning is significant during residency. 2. Repetition with graduated autonomy is key. 3. Effective mentors are competent surgeons who challenge residents and use positive teaching techniques. 4. Residents employ active learning through the “see one, do one, teach one” philosophy. 5. Learning from complexity is of importance to residency training. After several years in practice, the most important theme in learning after residency was repetition of cases. Conclusions: This study demonstrates how residents progress in approaching competency in thyroid surgery. Adult learning strategies are preferred, and programs should incorporate tailored techniques to meet the individual needs of the residents. Perceptions of what is most important shifted in long-term follow up. Further study is needed to assure competency in residency and in practice.

Threshold concepts and pedagogic representation

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan H.F. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Critical Flow ◽  
Threshold Concepts ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Threshold Concept ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
Final Consideration ◽  
Metacognitive Activity ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a brief exposure to the development of the threshold concepts framework (TCF), the intention being to illuminate for interested readers a broader landscape of research activity than that perhaps conveyed by the individual contributions to this special edition. Design/methodology/approach – There is first an account of how the notion of a “threshold concept” was presented by Meyer and Land in their seminal 2003 paper, and a clarification of some terminology used by them at that time to describe the (confusing for some) “characteristics” of such a concept. A discursive account, with examples, follows on how analyses for, and of, threshold concepts might proceed, and how findings might provoke a reappraisal of associated learning and teaching practices. Towards this end a contemporary pedagogical perspective is introduced based on the construct of integrated threshold concept knowledge (ITCK) as proposed by Meyer and Timmermans (2016). Reference to a detailed case study illustrates the practical dynamics of generating ITCK; specifically in the context of a third-year engineering course embedding the threshold of “critical flow”. Activities and processes, transferable to other discipline contexts, are described that yield particular elements of ITCK (different constituent “types of knowledge”) in relation, in this case, to “critical flow”. A final consideration is the “representation” of “critical flow” for pedagogical purposes in the form of a metacognitive activity for learning and formative assessment purposes that is, again, adaptable to other discipline contexts. Findings – There are no specific findings in this paper as its purpose is to provide a condensed review of the development of the TCF. Originality/value – This value of this paper is that it provides a contemporary expert exposure to the development of the TCF by the originator of the notion of a threshold concept.

scholarly journals School climate and adaptive characteristics of younger primary school students

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Maša Đurišić ◽  
Vesna Žunić-Pavlović
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Outcomes Of Education ◽  
The Individual

Introduction. It has long been established that school climate can influence the course and outcomes of education, but the findings of previous research are inconsistent as to which elements of school climate are crucial for positive outcomes. This paper provides a more detailed insight into the individual contribution of the dimensions and determinants of school climate for adaptive functioning of students. Objective. The objective of the research was to consider the patterns of the relationship between the quality of school climate and its determinants (program, process and material) and adaptive characteristics of students. Methods. The research was conducted in five primary schools in Belgrade. The Charles F. Kettering, Ltd. - CFK School Climate Profile was used to assess school climate, and the TRF Adaptive Functioning Profile was used to assess adaptive characteristics of students. Both questionnaires were completed by primary school teachers. Results. Positive correlations were found between the quality of school climate, program, process and material determinants, on the one hand and, on the other hand, adaptive characteristics of students. Based on the results of regression analysis, the program determinants of school climate were singled out as the only significant predictor. Conclusion. The results of this research confirm that a good school climate, and especially school programs and practices in the domain of learning and teaching, can contribute to adaptive characteristics of students. Based on the obtained results, the paper describes the implications for future research and practice in this field.

scholarly journals The Use of Functional Opportunities of Virtual Folklore in Lifelong Learning and Its Psychological Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339-1347
Author(s):  
Serkhan Khaveri, Sefa Garayev, Hikmet Guliyev
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Institutional Aspects ◽  
The Individual

One of the most important conditions for the education to be targeted to the requirements of modern times, as well as to be suitable for social orders, is determining the effective training technologies. Many socio-cultural institutions, including the training models of the traditional-cultural institutions and the traditional models of knowledge transfer can be urgent and effective in determining the effective learning technologies. In this sense, folklore has a great potential of use in the application of modern educational technologies with its own functional capabilities that played an important role during many centuries in the interaction of some individuals with one another, in the socialization of people and in the self-formation of society. It is known that in the traditional-cultural environment there were institutional aspects and structures of knowledge transfer. Before the appearance of the written language in the oral communication level the information, i.e. the gained experience and knowledge were passed with the empiric models from generation to generation by old people, wise elders who were the institutional aspects of the traditional culture. The training technologies of the traditional culture have the following peculiarities: Unlike the religious training technologies, it is not dogmatic, it has a democratic nature. Taking into consideration the vital situations it has an operative adaptation character. It has a character of getting and transferring the knowledge empirically. It has the ability of taking into consideration the individual abilities and character in the process of incessant learning and teaching. The appearance of the Internet which is considered the “apogee” of communication has caused the formation of new transformations of traditional folk culture, virtual folklore samples as in all other spheres. Of course, in modern times at the stage when the digital resources are growing, the methods and means of getting, transferring and mastering knowledge, as a whole, the formation of education has completely changed. That is why, we consider that it is possible to use the opportunities of folklore the potential of virtual folklore and digital folklore resources, in the of lifelong education and innovative educational concepts, in getting and teaching of knowledge. Because the folklore resources have unique opportunities in formation of socio-psychological essence of personality. There is a great need for the individual to adopt the folklore of this group to freely enter and become a member of various social groups without experiencing psychological complex and tension in all spheres of society. In this sense, one of the goals of modern education is to aim the growing new generations to promote stereotypes that are in harmony with human values and to free them from non-humanist and local stereotypes.

scholarly journals Social learning strategies regulate the wisdom and madness of interactive crowds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Toyokawa ◽  
Andrew Whalen ◽  
Kevin N. Laland
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Collective Wisdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
Task Uncertainty ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Learning Strategies

AbstractWhy groups of individuals sometimes exhibit collective ‘wisdom’ and other times maladaptive ‘herding’ is an enduring conundrum. Here we show that this apparent conflict is regulated by the social learning strategies deployed. We examined the patterns of human social learning through an interactive online experiment with 699 participants, varying both task uncertainty and group size, then used hierarchical Bayesian model-ftting to identify the individual learning strategies exhibited by participants. Challenging tasks elicit greater conformity amongst individuals, with rates of copying increasing with group size, leading to high probabilities of herding amongst large groups confronted with uncertainty. Conversely, the reduced social learning of small groups, and the greater probability that social information would be accurate for less-challenging tasks, generated ‘wisdom of the crowd’ effects in other circumstances. Our model-based approach provides evidence that the likelihood of collective intelligence versus herding can be predicted, resolving a longstanding puzzle in the literature.

scholarly journals La educación para la salud en la escuela como intervención social / Health Education at School as Social Intervention

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Monsalve Lorente
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTSchools with families are socializing areas where it takes place the development of people in their early stages, exerting an important role in the configuration of behavior and social values of children and adolescents. When we consider the health as understood by the WHO, that is, as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellness and not only as the absence of disease we see that the attainment of good educational results by a school save a very close relationship with the attainment of optimal levels of health within the educational community. According to this fact schools that incorporate the health promotion as part of its educational are building the bases that will enable them better achieve the educational objectives, including academics. On the other hand in this time of life people are more receptive to learning being the time of the vital development which are acquired the major lifestyle that will be consolidated over the years (physical activity, diet, etc.). Also this is an area of social intervention that have health agents which have highly qualified from the pedagogical point of view: teachers, whether in the kindergarten level, and Primary and Secondary level. In this context the main objective of the Health Education, is to develop activities and encourage the students to achieve the highest attainable standard of health, through the acquisition of knowledge and skills that promote choice and adoption of healthy lifestyles; Seeking participation, interaction and social integration, and the ability to work critically and creatively, and the search for solutions. Schools, with the home are two of the key places where it takes place the individual and social development of people in its earliest stages, exerting an important role the configuration of the conduct and the social values of childhood, adolescence and youth.RESUMENLos centros educativos junto con el hogar, son los ámbitos socializadores clave donde tiene lugar el desarrollo de las personas en sus estadios más tempranos, ejerciendo un importante papel en la configuración de la conducta y los valores sociales de la infancia y la adolescencia. Cuando se considera la salud como la entiende la OMS, es decir, como un estado de completo bienestar físico, mental y social y no solamente como la ausencia de enfermedad, vemos que el logro de buenos resultados educativos por parte de un centro educativo guarda una relación muy estrecha con la consecución de unos niveles óptimos de salud en el seno de su comunidad educativa. De acuerdo con esta realidad, las escuelas que incorporan la promoción de la salud como parte integrante de su planteamiento educativo, están construyendo las bases que les permitirán alcanzar mejor los objetivos educativos, incluidos los académicos. Por otro lado, en esta época de la vida, las personas se hallan más receptivas para el aprendizaje, siendo la época del desarrollo vital en la que se adquieren los principales hábitos de vida que se consolidarán con los años (actividad física, alimentación, etc.). Además se trata de un ámbito de intervención social que cuenta con agentes de salud que disponen de alta calificación desde el punto de vista pedagógico: el profesorado, ya sea en el nivel de educación Infantil, como en Primaria y Secundaria. En este marco, el principal objetivo de la Educación para la salud, es desarrollar actividades e incentivar al alumnado para conseguir el mayor grado posible de salud, mediante la adquisición de conocimientos y habilidades que favorezcan la elección y adopción de estilos de vida saludables; buscando la participación, la interacción y la integración social, y trabajando la capacidad crítica y creativa, así como la búsqueda de soluciones. Los Centros escolares, junto con el hogar, son dos de los lugares clave donde tiene lugar el desarrollo individual y social de las personas en sus estadios más tempranos, ejerciendo un importante papel en la configuración de la conducta y los valores sociales de la infancia, la adolescencia y la juventud.

scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Providers in Obstetrics: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Del Piccolo ◽  
Valeria Donisi ◽  
Ricciarda Raffaelli ◽  
Simone Garzon ◽  
Cinzia Perlini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
The Individual

Objective: To assess the psychological distress of healthcare providers (HCPs) working in the field of obstetrics during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to identify factors associated with psychological distress at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level.Design: Cross-sectional survey study.Setting: Four University hospitals in Italy.Participants: HCPs working in obstetrics, including gynecologists, residents in gynecology and obstetrics, and midwives.Methods: The 104-item survey Impatto PSIcologico COVID-19 in Ostetricia (IPSICO) was created by a multidisciplinary expert panel and administered to HCPs in obstetrics in May 2020 via a web-based platform.Main Outcome Measures: Psychological distress assessed by the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) included in the IPSICO survey.Results: The response rate to the IPSICO survey was 88.2% (503/570), and that for GHQ-12 was 84.4% (481/570). Just over half (51.1%; 246/481) of the GHQ-12 respondents reported a clinically significant level of psychological distress (GHQ-12 ≥3). Psychological distress was associated with either individual (i.e., female gender, stressful experience related to COVID-19, exhaustion, and the use of dysfunctional coping strategies), interpersonal (i.e., lower family support, limitations in interactions with colleagues), and organizational (i.e., reduced perception of protection by personal protective equipment, perceived delays on updates and gaps in information on the pandemic) factors in dealing with the pandemic.Conclusions: Results confirm the need for monitoring and assessing the psychological distress for HCPs in obstetrics. Interventions at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level may relieve the psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and foster resilience skills in facing emotional distress.

scholarly journals Vocabulary Learning Strategies Employed by Gamers In The “Simulation Video Game”

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Moh. Hasbullah Isnaini ◽  
Resda Cintami Laksana
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Cognitive Strategy ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Vocabulary Strategies ◽  
Vocabulary Learning Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean

<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-AU">This study aims at investigating the phenomena of vocabulary strategies used by gamers of the Harvest Moon game. A survey study was conducted to see the most and the least frequent strategies used by the gamers while playing the game. To gain the data, the researcher distributed a questionnare which is adapted from the Schmitt’s taxonomy of VLS namely determination, social (discovery), social (consolidation), cognitive, memory, and metacognitive strategies. The result of the present study shows that the most frequent strategy used is cognitive strategy, the mean is 2.28 which indicates that most of the gamers use this strategy to improve their vocabulary learning. Meanwhile, the least strategy used is the social startegy since the mean score is 1.07 which suggests that the gamers do not really seek help from friends when they have problems with vocabulary. Taking the result of the study into the learning of vocabulary, it is suggested that teachers provide language learners with the cognitive strategy to accomodate their vocabulary learning, so that they can enhance their vocabulary.</span></p>

scholarly journals Genetic homozygosity as a marker of smoking dependency

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019
Author(s):  
Slavko Brankovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽  
Suzana Cvjeticanin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual

The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphogenetic variability as a marker of smoking dependency in adult smokers versus controls and to investigate the presence and the degree of morphogenetic variability difference between male and female smokers versus same gender controls. The cross-sectional study evaluated 241 smokers and 185 nonsmoker individuals as controls. We analyzed 17 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). There was a significant difference in the individual variations of 17 HRCs between the controls and smokers (??2=61.400, p<0.001; for females ??2=79.440, p<0.001; for males ??2=84.972, p<0.001). The mean values of HRCs significantly differed between smokers and controls (MV?SEM(Controls) -4.79?0.13, MV?SEM(Smokers) -5.70?0.12; p<0.001). For males, presence of 6/17 (35.29% genetic homozygosity) HRCs (OR=6.12) was to the certain degree predictor for smoking dependency. Higher degree of genetic homozygosity, changed variability and male gender, might be some among potential numerous factors that could have impact on smoking development and dependence.

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