scholarly journals Pragmastilistic Analysis of Migration Discourse (Based on Speeches by British Politicians)

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-161
Author(s):  
V. N. Matveeva ◽  
N. V. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
Host Culture ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Discursive Analysis ◽  
Local Elite ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Introduction. The present study examines the pragmastilistic potential of migration discourse based on the speeches of modern British politicians. The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the acute social specifics of migration discourse and its manipulative component. In today’s world, migration processes have become global and their impact on the development of the host culture is becoming increasingly evident. There is still no established strategy for the integration of migrants into the new society, which creates a conflict environment and determines the hostility of the indigenous population towards migrants. Migration discourse as one of the directions of policy discourse becomes an effective tool for managing public opinion. Various persuasive tactics are incorporated in the speech of politicians using linguistic means, the use of which in the British migration discourse is considered in this article.Methodology and sources. The key tasks of the study are to identify specific discursive tactics, by means of which the persuasive strategy is implemented in the British migration discourse, and to analyze the stylistic techniques used to design the discovered tactics. During the study, pragmastilistic analysis was used, the application of which involves referring to the following methods of linguistic research: the method of continuous sampling, quantitative, descriptive and comparative methods, the method of stylistic analysis, discursive analysis. The material of the study was the speeches of modern British politicians from 2004 to 2021. Results and discussion. The analysis of migration discourse based on the texts of speeches by modern British politicians allows to talk about the stylistic saturation of the material and the main means of expressiveness used in the framework of the discourse under consideration. The main tactic of opponents of free migration is the comparison of “good/bad” migrants, which is actualized using antithesis. As for the lexical stylistic means, the use of the epithet should be specified, which is also a way of actualizing opposition tactics. Thus, this tactic is implemented both at the lexical and syntactic level. Similar tactics are also relevant in the framework of pro-migration rhetoric, namely, when comparing the local elite and the visiting population, which performs all the work necessary for the functioning of society. In most cases the main stylistic technique for tactics actualization is antithesis (or the convergence of antithesis and epithet). Proponents of pro-migration policies also use metaphor (tactics for describing the political process) and syntactic parallelism (tactics for describing the benefits of migration). Finally, the most common tactic inherent in both poles of migration discourse is the tactic of generalization. It consists in equating the speaker with his audience, their “fusion”, and is most often actualized using hyperbola.Conclusion. Migration discourse is characterized by an ideological orientation, which is actualized using certain speech techniques, tactics and strategies. Migration discourse, as a multifaceted entity, can also serve to harmonize social life by facilitating the integration of migrants into the host culture. Migration discourse is a powerful ideological weapon that can be used both to contribute to integration and to incite ethnic hatred. Stylistic tools play a key role in the implementation of a persuasive strategy, which is actively used both in migration and in political discourse in general. The main tactics of the migration discourse of modern British politicians are opposition and generalization, used both in pro- and anti-migration rhetoric. 

Religious factor in the political process in Zambia: mutual influence of religion and politics

2021 ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Liubov Prokopenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Ethnicity And Politics ◽  
Christian Nation

The article examines the problem of growing politicization in some religious confessions, primarily Christianity, in the process of democratization that began in Zambia in the early 1990s. Zambia is one of the African countries whose religious leaders have played a prominent role in social life throughout their history. It is especially noted that the proclamation of Zambia a Christian nation in 1991 by President Frederick Chiluba contributed greatly to the strengthening of mutual influence between politics and religion. In modern Zambia religious organizations adhere generally to neutrality, the liberal part of all confessional groups seeing their task in solving primary social problems. In recent decades there have been no pronounced ethnic and religious contradictions in the country which could contribute to an emergence of open bloody conflicts threatening internal security and stability. The article shows that with Edgar Lungu’s (Patriotic Front, PF) coming to power in 2015, Zambia was proclaimed a Christian nation again, which was enshrined in the new edition of its Constitution. The campaigns for presidential elections in 2015 and for general elec-tions in 2016 have shown that “religion-politics” discourse has become relevant in the political process, regarding primarily multiple rela-tionships between religion, ethnicity and politics. The country is on the eve of new general elections due in August 2021. In a difficult economic situation, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemics, Zambian government and Church officials are calling on voters to ensure peaceful electoral process.

scholarly journals Is the Political Animal Politically Ignorant? Applying Evolutionary Psychology to the Study of Political Attitudes

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 147470491201000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bang Petersen ◽  
Lene Aarøe
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Straightforward Application ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Modern Mass

As evidenced by research in evolutionary psychology, humans have evolved sophisticated psychological mechanisms tailored to solve enduring adaptive problems of social life. Many of these social problems are political in nature and relate to the distribution of costs and benefits within and between groups. In that sense, evolutionary psychology suggests that humans are, by nature, political animals. By implication, a straightforward application of evolutionary psychology to the study of public opinion seems to entail that modern individuals find politics intrinsically interesting. Yet, as documented by more than fifty years of research in political science, people lack knowledge of basic features of the political process and the ability to form consistent political attitudes. By reviewing and integrating research in evolutionary psychology and public opinion, we describe (1) why modern mass politics often fail to activate evolved mechanisms and (2) the conditions in which these mechanisms are in fact triggered.

The French Contract Law Reform and the Political Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bénédicte Fauvarque-Cosson
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
First Century ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
The Right ◽  
Code Civil

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the political process which led to the adoption of one of the most important reforms of the Code civil since 1804. This major revision of the French Code civil took place by way of an ‘ordonnance’ (delegated legislation). That, in itself, was highly controversial. As regards substance, the most controversial points related to the need to strike a new balance between contractual justice and legal certainty in French contract law to make it better suited to economic and social life in the twenty-first century. The French contract law reform began at the instigation of President Chirac, was continued under Sarkozy’s presidency and was finally completed while François Hollande was the President of France. This background might suggest that, from a political standpoint, the new provisions of the Code civil successfully struck the right balance between legal certainty and contractual justice; if only political life were so simple. As will be shown in the second part of this paper, many questions remain open. The first part recounts the story behind the reform, from its origins to its completion. The second part gives some further insight into some emblematic new provisions of the Code civil.

scholarly journals Disabled citizens – defining their own role in the political process. An empirical analysis of the attitudes of disabled people in Poland in 2002–2014

2016 ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Tomasz Masłyk ◽  
Ewa Migaczewska
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Social Model ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Persons With Disabilities

Define our own role in the process of political participation determines the manner of its implementation, and therefore the attitude we adopt the operating entity in the wider political community. This may be the attitude of an active actor co-responsible for the direction and quality of the policy, or lacking a sense of agency. In the case of disabled persons adopt the first of them it is difficult due to both objective barriers associated with perceptual-motor constraints, and because of the subjective, deeply rooted in society and among the disabled themselves, stereotyping ways of thinking about the functioning of this social category in society. Going beyond this scheme requires the realization of the social model of disability, in which persons with disabilities are active participants in social life, contributing to its development. The aim of the article is to present the dynamics of change in the perception of people with disabilities in Poland, their subjectivity in the political dimension. The analysis will cover issues such as: interest in politics, trust in political institutions and the generalized others, their capacity to co-create the policy. The data used in the empirical analysis is derived from European Social Survey (2002–2014).

scholarly journals Ways of Political Modernization of Russia and Traditions of Political Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
Aleksander Strizoe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
The Political ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Political Modernization

Introduction. The article analyzes the phenomenon of reproducing authoritarian scenario of social and political modernization of Russia in the XX century. It is noted that the stability of political tradition of authoritarian governance can be explained by the mechanisms of action of the constants of Russian political culture, the presence of a certain modernization potential in authoritarian political institutions, as well as by geopolitical and geoeconomic conditions. Methods. Using the general scientific principle of complementarity, the author compares sociocultural, institutional and civilizational (technological) approaches to the analysis of Russian political culture. Causal explanations in combination with the analog method make it possible to reveal the relationship between the constants of political culture and various non-political practices of social life. The systemic and sociocultural approach is used to consider homogeneity and heterogeneity in the political culture of Russia, as well as the role of values in its impact on the process of modernization. Analysis. The author substantiates the conclusion that explanations of the content of Russian political culture, as well as the mechanisms and stability of its impact on the political process, are to be sought in the foundations of social organization and management of Russian society, the peculiarities of maintaining its social discipline and resolving conflicts, as well as in political experience of actors. It is argued that the depth of the split in the political culture of Russia and the strength of its impact on society and the political process are exaggerated. The manifestations of the unity of value orientations and political attitudes of the elite and wide strata of the population are considered. A variant of the periodization of Russian modernization is presented, demonstrating the historical logic of solving the problems of modernization, the objective conditionality of a gradual transition from an authoritarian to a democratic way of its implementation. The article shows the possibility of using integrating values of Russian political culture to substantiate the democratic version of its development.

scholarly journals Territorial Public Self-Government as an Element of Political Infrastructure for Secure Development of Municipal Sections in the Conditions of Digitalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
E. N. Shchegolev
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Definition Of

The research is devoted to the topic of forming a political infrastructure for the safe development of municipalities, creating technologies for attracting political infrastructure participants to the development and assessment of alternatives for the optimal development of territories.We set ourselves the goal of showing territorial public self-government as a tool for increasing the openness of political decision-making and public confidence in the authorities, and identifying the transformational potential of digital technologies in the context of territorial public self-government.The methodological basis of the research was provided by such theories as: the information cybernetic model of the political system of K. Deutsch, the theory of the political system of D. Easton, the theory of deliberative democracy by J. Besset, the theory of direct democracy I. Blo, model of monitor (digital) democracy by J. Keane.The main results of this study are the following:1) the author’s definition of the concept of “digitalization” was introduced — this is a process of radical transformation of the interaction of people in all spheres of social life, the implementation of which became possible on the basis of replacing analog (physical) data collection and processing systems with new technological systems that generate, transmit and process a digital signal about your condition. This transformation presupposes the formation of a different outlook of citizens, the use of other methods of management;2) the author’s definition of the concept of “political infrastructure” is introduced — these are the types of connections between the elements of the political system. Different types of ties form various modifications of political institutions, they determine the contours of political communications carried out in the political space, including using various political technologies to influence the behavior of political forces.3) in the context of digitalization, interactive interaction of participants in the political process, the very configuration of the political infrastructure for the development of territories is changing, the political toolkit of dialogue between the authorities and society is changing, implying an increasingly widespread use of technologies to involve participants in political processes in the development and assessment of alternatives for optimal territorial development.

Features of formation of regional parliaments in the subjects of the Russian Federation

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Рыбакова ◽  
Svetlana Rybakova
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Government Legislation

The process of formation of representative bodies in the regions of the Russian Federation, provided by the Russian legislation, is considered. The analysis of the influence of the federal authorities on the formation of regional parliaments is presented. The restrictions of the real possibilities of regional parliaments to influence the political process in the space of their regions are analyzed, as well as their great dependence on the executive branch. The practices of regional parliaments of the Russian Federation are studied. The change in the structure of regional government legislation, including regional parliaments, based on the author´s analysis of changes, amendments to the Federal Law «On general principles of organization of legislative (representative) and executive bodies of state power of the subjects of the Russian Federation» is examined. It is proved that the regional parliaments have greater possibilities to structure and intensify the political space of the subjects of the Russian Federation, in the organization of social life, increasing the responsibility of the entire system of public administration. Some recommendations for improving the formation of regional parliaments in Russia are given.

scholarly journals Linguistic status of paremias in the Russian and American political discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Alexandra Viktorovna Guzova ◽  
Natal'ya Vasil'evna Savitskaya ◽  
Ol'ga Vital'evna Dedova ◽  
Tat'yana Viktorovna Ivolina
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Political ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Discursive Analysis ◽  
Political World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Means

The subject of this research is the peculiarities of utilization of paremiological linguistic means in the Russian and American political discourse. The goal consists in establishing linguistic status of paremiological means in the Russian and American political discourse. Based on the speeches of Russian and American politicians, the author demonstrates the use of paremias in political discourse and underlines their influential role. The article explores the peculiarities of utilization of different paremias in the political discourse, provides statistical data regarding the frequency of mainstreaming of different types of paremias in the Russian and American political discourse. Research methodology leans on regulations pertaining to categorization of the political world in the genres of political aphorism, as well as the methods of systematization and generalization, continuous sampling, discursive analysis, content analysis and statistical method. The results may be valuable of the courses of rhetoric and stylistics of the Russian and English languages. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that this research is first to demonstrate the linguistic statuses of paremias in the Russian and American political discourse from the perspective of their convincing and manipulative function.

scholarly journals Internet technologies in the conditionsofmodernpoliticalprocess

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-174
Author(s):  
Nikolai S. Beliakov ◽  
Kristina D. Kurgacheva
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The Government

The distinctive feature of the modern political process is the informatization of social space. In the context of Informatization, the Internet becomes an integral part of modern life, which leads to an irreversible transformation of the classical political process. In general, informatization can be viewed as a positive trend in the development of politics as a sphere of social life. The use of information technologies makes it possible to establish subject-subject interaction between citizens and political actors, leads to the process of democratization, allows for effective agitation, creates a basis for discussion platforms for discussing socially important problems, ensures the availability of a public information, etc. But at the same time this the trend has a number of negative aspects. First, the problem of “digital inequality”. Secondly, the negative trend towards fragmentation of the political segment of the network on the ideological basis, which leads to the marginalization of political activity and the lack of discussion. Thirdly, there is the problem of cyber security, state control over the Internet, manipulation of public consciousness, etc. However, in general, despite the existence of a number of destructive moments, full informatization seems to be the inevitable future of all spheres of public life, including political. Thus, it is necessary to look for ways to overcome negative factors in the development of the political segment of the web; to achieve its transformation into a real discussion and working platform for all legitimate political forces, regardless of their representation in the government bodies. The state should play a special role in this process, because the functions of public control was delegated to it, and from their competent use depends the future development of society as a whole and the political segment of the Internet in particular.

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