Evolution of the Structure of the American Economy

2005 ◽  
pp. 84-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Porokhovsky

The author pays special attention to the USA leading positions in the world economy. The basic significance of traditional industries, first of all manufacturing, in the structure of the American economy and its evolution are underlined. The article analyzes in detail the increasing role of services including finance. Information technologies create new economic structure and new quality of economic growth. A reader learns from the article about sustainable reproduction role of business cycle in the past and present.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Zakir Mamurovich Zikriyaev ◽  
◽  
Akmal Abduvokhidov ◽  
Erkinjon Buribayev ◽  
Sherali Makhmudov

Today, the countries of the world are experiencing a pandemic crisis that has arisen in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic crisis is characterized by the fact that, unlike other crises, it is a three-way crisis. In particular, the pandemic crisis is also characterized by demand, supply and, at the same time, a liquidity crisis. It should be said that the pandemic crisis has shown the need to improve the quality of the human factor and the associated human capital in order to achieve sustainable development. Based on this, the article analyzes the issues of expanding the positions of human capital in achieving sustainable development.Keywords:pandemic, global economic crisis, sustainable development, human factor, human capital, global trends in the development of the world economy, innovative development, national innovation system


2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Sławomir Dorocki

The turn of the 20th and 21st centuries brought an intensive increase of international economic connections that were a part of the process of globalization of the world economy. The result of these processes was opening of the countries’ economies which influenced the increase of the role of foreign investments as a factor of economic development of a country. Foreign direct investments (FDI) are nowadays one of the most sought-after forms of foreign capital flow. Foreign investments do not cause external debt. They influence the flow of technology, generate economic growth, contribute to the decrease in unemployment, introduce new management methods, create access to the new markets and generate production infrastructure. The following study presents a short characteristic of foreign investments in France. It analyses regional differentiation of foreign investments in France on the basis of their quantity and in reference to the number of workplaces generated by FDI. Finally, the article presents the factors that have influence on the localization of foreign investments.


Author(s):  
SVETLANA V. KOLODYAZHNAYA-SHEREMETYEVA ◽  

The article examines, using the example of the Republic of Crimea, the features of the creation and functioning of a system to ensure information transparency in the context of a crisis in the world economy. Analyzed media technologies and tools for interaction with Russian-­speaking and English-­speaking investors. The role of information technologies in attracting investments into the Crimean economy is determined. Recommendations for achieving information openness in the Republic of Crimea as an effective technology for the destruction of economic sanctions are proposed.


Ekonomika ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 52-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kuznetsova

The article deals with the economic growth in different scale economies, namely, resource-abundant and resource–driven countries and chances for the conversion of the latter into the knowledge-based mode of development. The paper deals with two problems 1) economic growth in different groups of the small-scale countries of the world economy through the estimate of the historical context ; 2) dynamics of the assessment in small and large transit economies.The goal of the article is to promote the idea of the resource-rich economies which find themselves at different stages of overcoming transitivity from the curse to the blessing type of economic growth. The hypothesis of the article is that sustainable economic development and continuous economic growth in transit economies could be achieved by means of the formation of the rent capitalism model in the large resource-rich countries. The methods used in the article are analysissynthesis, historical and logical methods of investigation, methods of international comparisons. The main conclusion of the article is that due to the formation of rent capitalism model growing gigantic countries play a predominant role in the world economy and in the global financial markets gaining the role of the savior during the expansion of the global financial crisis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 186 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Nosachevskaya ◽  
◽  
Lyubov Afanasyeva ◽  

The paper deals with measures taken in different countries in order to mitigate the consequences of the economic recession. The authors of the paper have characterized their impact on the transformation of the paradigm of the development of both the world and national economies, taking into account the trends relating to the technology shift. Attention is drawn to the possibility of ensuring a fundamentally new quality of economic growth of the world economy based on digitalization, technological breakthroughs and a system approach to ensuring a balanced spatial development of territories. The authors have substantiated national priorities in the development of socio-economic measures aimed not only at the recovery of the world and national economies from the crisis, but also at ensuring further growth. A set of recommendations aimed at enhanced development of economic processes has been determined; these recommendations are based on international experience in overcoming crises, including those caused by sharp changes in the pace of scientific and technological development as well as the results of the implementation of government measures taken to support enterprises in the face of the coronavirus pandemic.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hanif Mohd Noor ◽  
Muhammad Aiman Abdull Rahim ◽  
Wan Abdul Rahman Wan Ibrisam Fikry ◽  
Aminudin Hehsan

The COVID-19 pandemic that struck, shocks the whole world, regardless of race or religion. The effects of a pandemic can be felt from a health, social and economic point of view. The impact clearly affects the growth of the world economy, especially in Malaysia. Despite the pandemic, we can see the assistance extended by the people of the world, especially the community in Malaysia to help those effected and affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Zakat institutions in Malaysia have also not missed out on their duty to help asnaf who need special assistance during this pandemic. So, in this study, the researcher will study in more depth the assistance provided and the channels used to help the zakat asnaf affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, this study also aims to determine the impact of assistance given to asnaf on the country's economic growth during the pandemic. The methodology used is content analysis from studies on zakat and, data from zakat institutions. The results of the study showed a positive effect on the economy of the recipients with the assistance received by the asnaf from the zakat institution.


2019 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
О. В. Раздіна

Margaret Thatcher’s artistic heritage is one of the most vivid manifestations of topicality of conservative movement as the modern evaluation system of the world political reality. The conservative and later neoconservative ideological complexes were developed with maximum accuracy for the latest world reality in the perspective and retrospective.Margaret Thatcher’s research object and conservative evaluation object are very broad systemically and include the questions of the «Cold War» evaluation, the role of the USA as the superpower and world leader, the Asia and Europe achievements and values, the world conflicts, the role of modern national state and the anomaly of state development, terrorism, religion and human rights.Margaret Thatcher takes into account the fact that globalization and regionalization problems are basic questions and most important tendencies of the world development. Margaret Thatcher’s evaluation is entirely conservative and at the same time somewhat emotional, it corresponds to ideological conviction if it is dictated by the reality and the productivity of idea.In the part of retrospective analysis of the theory Margaret Thatcher underlines the role of technical and technological revolution in political and economic world development and the role of empire as a forming factor of world globalization model of political space organization. This model was used for British Empire expansion.Margaret Thatcher doesn’t exaggerate the significance of economic factors for the formation of globalization processes, their current and perspective conditions. The economic part of world development processes became a driving force and the «locomotive» of the world history of telecommunicate revolution. After the achievement of triumph by these tendencies the economic globalization processes gave way to political ones as the most important ones. Conservatives consider political processes to be system organizing and system transforming factors under any condition. Probably the complex and systemic evaluation of the globalization processes by conservatism doctrine is adjusted by the marginal modifications of world political space changes. Conservative research takes into consideration the meaning and character of changes of world political space or any fragment of this space for working out the most accurate estimate.Margaret Thatcher notes the bifurcation of world development in the period of formation of new tendencies and affirms that it is a new source of antagonisms as a driving force of further development. At the same time the ambiguity of economic role of globalization cannot be reduced to the indiscriminate capitalism criticism. Capitalism is not criticized as the way of production and the way of organization of global economy. On the contrary, capitalism as any other world economy organization model is a benefit if it is based on the strategic government management. However, capitalistic bifurcation of world economy development demonstrates the rightfulness of neoconservative idea of «world power» importance in newest modern realities. Systematic and invariable success of states using this system of economic and political values, such as the USA, is the example. So, in this context globalization processes determine the nature of world order and represent driving forces and factors of its further development and possible transformation in the conditions of changing globalization nature.Margaret Thatcher summarizes the globalization meaning and notes the necessity to glorify the triumph of global capitalism based on the free business activity, though shocks are inevitable. Margaret Thatcher also considers important actions aimed at making the profits from free trade accessible to all states in the world. The terrorism is a main problem of modern policy.Thus, the conservatism in Margaret Thatcher’s work appears as one of the most promising socio-political movements of modern world. The conservatism, as Margaret Thatcher summarizes, is able to explain the most difficult phenomena and contradictions of political reality and to suggest really promising political models and ideals. 


Author(s):  
Maria Balashova ◽  
Irina Tsvigun

In the age of globalization 4.0, the problem of insufficient preparation of supranational structures for leveling the negative consequences of the integration of information technologies into all spheres of human activity is becoming more acute, which puts on the agenda the question of the real effectiveness of their activities. There is no alternative to establishing and deepening the information type of society in both the medium and long term. International organizations and companies, as well as integration associations, should take into account the relevant changes taking place in the world economy in the organization of their activities. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of foreign trade in the development of modern supranational structures and to identify among them those which can really cope with the challenges of globalization 4.0. The research methodology was based on the basic principles of synthesis and analysis of data on 35 countries of the world from different continents and with different levels of economic development, which either have maintained stable positions in the level and quality of life of the population over the past decades, or those that have managed to make the transition from a country with a developing economy to a developed one. The authors tried to identify the influence of the foreign trade activities of the member states of supranational structures on the success of their development. The result of the study was the identification of stronger positions of international companies and integration associations that have achieved complex forms of cooperation over international organizations. It is shown that the main way to achieve the appropriate leadership is the activity of their member countries in foreign trade processes in general, and most importantly — in the export of information technologies, in particular. The latter gives the relevant supranational structures unique unlimited benefits, and their participants the opportunity to preserve their so­vereignty and guarantee national security.


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