scholarly journals ПРИНЦИПИ ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ ЛЮДИНО-МАШИННОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ У ЦИФРОВОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ

2021 ◽  
pp. 190-204
Author(s):  
O. Protasenko ◽  
G. Mygal ◽  
E. Mykhailova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Feature ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Digital System ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Personal Training ◽  
National University ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Simon Kuznets ◽  
Machine Interaction

Modern society life is inextricably linked with the digital environment. A consequence is the transformation of ergatic systems into digital ones. The result is the emergence of new types of man-machine interaction. The essential feature of such interaction is to minimise human involvement in the ergatic system functioning. According to this, the issues of organising the safe and effective functioning of digital ergatic systems have priority importance. In this regard, the aim was to study the features of man-machine interaction in an actual digital ergatic system. We chose an ergatic system for research. The main elements of the system were students (70 people of the first-year study) and teachers (5 people) of the Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, as well as the digital system “Personal training systems the Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics” (PTS). This digital system is an adapted model of the Moodle digital system. The study found out that the key components that determine the safety and efficiency of the digital ergatic system are the operator's digital mindset, digital tools and digital devices. The study of these components in the system made it possible to establish that it had a balanced state. It is substantiated the optimal form of man-machine interaction in the system. It is mixed learning. It is shown that the tendency to minimise the human role in a digital ergatic system does not always have the expected positive result, which determines the need for further research on this issue. In addition, we analysed the difficulties arising in the design of digital systems. The main reason for this is a lack of developers awareness of the ergonomic and cognitive aspects of man-machine interaction. It is shown that the development of critical thinking and intuition in students is closely related to the individual trajectory of learning. For this, it is essential to update interdisciplinary knowledge. In this case, it is necessary to familiarise students with current concepts and system-forming principles, which are the basis of human factors engineering. It was substantiated that the application of current concepts and system-forming principles in training will allow optimising man-machine interaction. The positive results will be evidence even at the stage of designing digital systems

scholarly journals Approaches of fitness trainer to forming customers motivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
N. P. Ieremenko ◽  
N. V. Kovaleva ◽  
V. A. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Personal Training ◽  
Personal Trainers ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Individual

The fitness system is a set of goals, objectives, principles, as well as innovative means, methods and forms of organizing voluntary systematic physical exercises and managing this process, aimed at maintaining and increasing the level of physical capacity and health of various population groups, provides familiarization with a healthy lifestyle, the formation of a physical culture of the individual for the successful implementation of social and professional responsibilities in society Motivation is one of the most important components in fitness classes. This is a psychological factor that forces and guides us during training. The lack of motivation on any given day will be felt by every athlete. Sometimes we don’t feel like going to the gym or jogging, or we feel too tired to work anything. Our body gives slack and if we do not do something about it, we will have to forget about success. The issue of training qualified personnel with the necessary knowledge and skills to attract citizens to active physical education in order to strengthen and maintain health and prolong active longevity is becoming increasingly relevant. A survey was conducted of personal trainers (20 people) who work in the fitness system of the network of sport clubs "Sportlife" in Kiev, in order to identify the approaches of the fitness trainer to motivate and attract clients to personal training. The widespread availability of fitness has become a reflection of how the needs for physical activity of a representative of modern society, his desire for health and well-being, and the demands of society on the level of development of the physical and psychological qualities of a person have changed. At this stage of development, fitness is increasingly being introduced both into physical culture and health practice working with the population, and into the process of professional training of specialists in various educational institutions of the country.

PHILOSOPHICAL PROPAEDEUTICS IN THE SYSTEM OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Gan N.Yu. ◽  
Ponomareva L.I. ◽  
Obukhova K.A.
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Training

Today, worldview, spiritual and moral problems that have always been reflected in education and upbringing come to the fore in society. In this situation, there is a demand for philosophical categories. One of the priority goals of education in modern conditions is the formation of a reasonable, reflexive person who is able to analyze their actions and the actions of other people. Modern science is characterized by an understanding of the absolute value and significance of childhood in the development of the individual, which implies the need for its multilateral study. In the conditions of democratization of all spheres of life, the child ceases to be a passive object of education and training, and becomes an active carrier of their own meanings of being and the subject of world creation. One of the realities of childhood is philosophizing, so it is extremely timely to address the identification of its place and role in the world of childhood. Children's philosophizing is extremely poorly studied, although the need for its analysis is becoming more obvious. Children's philosophizing is one of the forms of philosophical reflection, which has its own qualitative specificity, on the one hand, and commonality with all other forms of philosophizing, on the other. The social relevance of the proposed research lies in the fact that children's philosophizing can be considered as an intellectual indicator of a child's socialization, since the process of reflection involves the adoption and development of culture. Modern society, in contrast to the traditional one, is ready to "accept" a philosophizing child, which means that it is necessary to determine the main characteristics and conditions of children's philosophizing.

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY: THE SOLUTION OF QUESTIONS OF FORMATION OF A CIVIC STAND IN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
Laila Seysembekovna Akhmetova ◽  
Dmitry Pavlovich Shorokhov
Keyword(s):  
Information Literacy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Media Education ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
National University ◽  
Psychology Pedagogy

For the world community UNESCO has developed international standards of media information literacy, which have been adopted by all UNESCO member countries. In Central Asia, Kazakhstan was the first to deal with these issues 10 years ago. The group of scientists of the Kazakh National University named by al-Farabi is working on studying this issue. Most of the scientific works on media education are aimed at justifying the need for media education in modern society and its value. The purpose of the article is the development of methodological materials on the formation of literacy in the field of media and information literacy for training target groups and informing the public. The authors of this article apply the methodology of comparative historical research, the methodology and technique of sociological research, the systemic and structural-functional approach in combination with comparative historical method and statistical data analysis, as well as the study of official documents characterizing the policy of international community and Kazakhstan. Also, content analysis and qualitative documents analysis, as well as comparative research methods, were used. As a result of the research, it was concluded that any conceptual design, scientific paradigm suffers to some extent with idealization and the conceptual approach of UNESCO discussion formed the basis for this review, causing positive expectations. However, media is not always socially-oriented tool. It is clear that in this scenario, it is not necessary to rely solely on the consciousness of journalists and self-censorship of editors. However, understanding the principal approaches of UNESCO and following the recommendations developed can control risks and contribute to the development of a full-fledged civil society. Practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of using its results in the field of media, psychology, pedagogy, culture, history, journalists, political scientists, social engineers, teachers, students and post-graduate students of universities. The results of the research can be integrated into the educational and upbringing processes. It is necessary to train target groups for the further dissemination and training of media and information literacy and to address the issues of forming a civic position in Kazakhstan.

A University Education

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Willetts
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
University Education ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Universities have a crucial role in the modern world. In England, entrance to universities is by nation-wide competition which means English universities have an exceptional influence on schools--a striking theme of the book. This important book first investigates the university as an institution and then tracks the individual on their journey to and through university. In A University Education, David Willetts presents a compelling case for the ongoing importance of the university, both as one of the great institutions of modern society and as a transformational experience for the individual. The book also makes illuminating comparisons with higher education in other countries, especially the US and Germany. Drawing on his experience as UK Minister for Universities and Science from 2010 to 2014, the author offers a powerful account of the value of higher education and the case for more expansion. He covers controversial issues in which he was involved from access for disadvantaged students to the introduction of L9,000 fees. The final section addresses some of the big questions for the future, such as the the relationship between universities and business, especially in promoting innovation.. He argues that the two great contemporary trends of globalisation and technological innovation will both change the university significantly. This is an authoritative account of English universities setting them for the first time in their new legal and regulatory framework.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Sport-Specific Pain Symptoms through Inter-Individual Training Differences in CrossFit

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Maria Bernstorff ◽  
Norman Schumann ◽  
Nader Maai ◽  
Thomas Schildhauer ◽  
Matthias Königshausen
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Personal Training ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Small Muscle ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pain Symptoms

Background: CrossFit is one of the fastest growing “high-intensity functional training” methods in recent years. Due to the very demanding motion sequences and high loads, it was initially assumed that there was an extremely high risk of injury. However, studies have shown that injury rates are given between 0.74–3.3 per 1000 h of training, which is not higher than in other individual sports such as weightlifting. The purpose of the study was to estimate the type of pain symptoms that are directly related to CrossFit, to estimate the frequency of injuries that occur within a population of recreational CrossFit athletes, and, finally, to identify the factors influencing the frequency of pain during CrossFit training. Methods: A total of 414 active CrossFit athletes completed an online survey inclusive of 29 items focusing on individual physical characteristics and training behavior, as well as simultaneous or previously practiced sports. Results: There was a significantly higher proportion of knee pain in athletes who had previously or simultaneously played another sport (p = 0.014). The duration, intensity, or type of personal training plan developed, along with personal information such as age, gender, or BMI, had no significant influence on the pain data. We could not find any significant variance between the groups that we formed based on the differently stated one-repetition max (RMs). There were differences in athletes who stated that they did specific accessory exercises for small muscle groups. Above all, athletes performing exercises for the hamstrings and the gluteus medius indicated fewer pain symptoms for the sacro-iliac joint (SIJ)/iliac and lower back locations. Conclusions: It is important not to see CrossFit as a single type of sport. When treating a CrossFit athlete, care should be taken to address inter-individual differences. This underlines the significant differences of this study between the individual athletes with regard to the ability to master certain skills or their previous sporting experience. The mere fact of mastering certain exercises seems to lead to significantly more pain in certain regions. In addition, there seems to be a connection between the previous or simultaneous participation in other sports and the indication of pain in the knee region.

scholarly journals Method engineering to increase labor productivity and eliminate downtime

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Mildrend Montoya-Reyes ◽  
Alvaro González-Angeles ◽  
Ismael Mendoza-Muñoz ◽  
Margarita Gil-Samaniego-Ramos ◽  
Juan Ling-López
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Method Engineering ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Manufacturing Cell ◽  
Future Harm ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Machine Interaction

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to present a method based on the application of method engineering, in order to eliminate downtime and improve the manufacturing cell.Design/methodology/approach: The research strategy employed was a case study applied to a manufacturing company to explore the causes of excessive dead time and low productivity. The methodology used was divided in five steps. The first corresponds to the analysis of the lathe and grinding process; the second is the elaboration of the man-machine diagram to identify dead times; the third is the application of the improvement proposal; the fourth is the redistribution of the cell to optimize the process; the fifth is to conclude from the results obtained.Findings: With the proposed method, the downtime was reduced by 41% and only 50% of the available labor is required, therefore, it is concluded that the method can be used to redesign manufacturing cells.Research limitations/implications: This research was limited to analyzing and improving human-machine interaction, since work is not just the machine, or the individual alone, or the individual manipulating the machine, therefore, no other tools were used to improve the time of machines operation.Practical implications: Designing a manufacturing cell that allows the operator to do his job with less fatigue and not adapt the operator to the job, as commonly happens.Social implications: Companies must show a greater interest in occupational health by including human capital in their optimization plans to avoid future harm to workers.Originality/value: The key contribution of this paper focused on developing a novel and practical methodology to design or re-design manufacturing cells to improve productivity considering the human factor, inspired by the main concepts of method engineering.

American National Standard for Human Factors Engineering of Visual Display Terminal Workstations: A Report to the Society

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 987-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Text Processing ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
National Standards ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
The Individual

The American National Standard for Human Factors Engineering of Visual Display Terminal Workstations, the first standard sponsored by the Human Factors Society, is in the final stages of acceptance as an American National Standard. This standard addresses the physical and perceptual aspects of the visual display terminal workstation as used in text processing, data entry, and data inquiry. Standards take on many different forms and fill a variety of needs. Basically a standard provides a reference. Some standards are written so that two systems may be designed to complement each other or fit together. Lightbulbs and fixtures designed to the same standard will work together. In the case of human factors standards one half of the system is already designed, the human. The variety of the design of this part of the system requires that human factors standards identify the parameters to be considered and the corresponding measurement methods needed to insure that the equipment is designed to fit the individual human. A good solution needs to be based on the particular set of circumstances at hand. The voluntary standards method, known as the American National Standards, provides a vehicle for specifying the appropriate parameters and measurement methods while incorporating the necessary flexibility required to insure good designs for individuals. The purpose of this panel session is to provide the society with an interactive session with representatives of the standards drafting committee. A brief history of the committee and its activities will be presented. The panelists will then describe the approach taken in each of the major sections, the mandatory requirements, and the elements the panelists consider to be of particular interest

Demonstrating Gravitational Lensing Using Solar Eclipses

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 2150009
Author(s):  
Gillian Foo ◽  
Jhoon Yong Tan ◽  
Edmund Yuen ◽  
Laurentcia Arlany ◽  
A. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Lensing ◽  
Angular Separation ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Light Deflection ◽  
Interesting Paper ◽  
National University ◽  
Solar Eclipses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pixel Scale ◽  
Plate Solution

As encouraged by the interesting paper “Solar eclipses as a teaching opportunity in relativity” by Overduin et al.,awe made measurements of the angular deflections of neighboring stars during the 9 March 2016 total solar eclipse as imaged by National University of Singapore (NUS) students, to verify a result of general relativity. In this project, we used these images and measured the stars’ pixel positions and transformed them to equatorial coordinates using a similar approach to Overduin et al., with a few modifications. Instead of solving to determine the pixel scale and rotation, we performed a plate solution using the software AstroImageJ which enables accounting for the image’s higher order distortion. This data is found in the image’s Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) header. Image star pair separations were then compared to their database separations after determining how the individual deflections affect angular separation. Our experimental results have large uncertainties and were deemed imprecise to confirm the effects of gravitational light deflection. We include a detailed analysis and discussion on this educational project.

Emulators as a Tool for Control Digital System Software Debugging

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 339-349
Author(s):  
A. D. Ivannikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Model ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Direct Memory Access ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Digital System ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
System Software ◽  
System A ◽  
Software Modules ◽  
Operational Program

The simulation of control digital systems at the architecture level, that is, emulation of the instruction set, memory cells and internal programmable registers, as well as the interrupt system and direct memory access is considered. Emulators are used for debugging embedded digital system software and in the development of new custom processors. Requirements for emulators are formalized. It is shown that the main requirements are adequate simulation of digital systems at the architecture level, the presence of a set of convenient debugging modes, as well as high efficiency of emulators, that is, the minimum possible average number of instrumental computer instructions required to simulate one instruction of the target digital system. A classification of the debugging capabilities of emulators and possible ways of implementing debugging modes is given. The composition of the emulators is described. A graphical model of the structure of the emulator is proposed. The simulation process for each instruction is presented as a sequence of execution of smaller operations. If different instructions include the same operations, these operations can be performed by the same software modules. These modules can be included in all the corresponding blocks of the emulator that simulate the execution of instructions, or the emulator can include only one copy of each operational program module, and the module can be accessed while simulating the corresponding instruction. Determination of the structure of the emulator is formalized as an extreme task, the objective function of which is the minimum average time for simulating the execution of one instruction of the target digital system, and the limitation is the maximum allowable memory size of the instrumental computer occupied by the emulator. A practical method for determining the structure of the emulator is proposed.

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