scholarly journals Tendências e Projeções da Mortalidade pelos Cânceres Específicos ao Gênero no Brasil

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa ◽  
Íris do Céu Clara Costa ◽  
María Milagros Bernal Pérez ◽  
Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Percentage Change ◽  
Cáncer De Mama ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Average Annual Percentage Change

Introdução: Os canceres que acometem os órgãos genitais masculinos e femininos, em conjunto com o câncer de mama, são responsáveis por 20% dos óbitos por câncer no mundo. Objetivos: Analisar as tendências e projetar a mortalidade por esses canceres ate o ano de 2030, para o Brasil e regiões. Material e métodos: Estudo de base populacional que analisou os óbitos ocorridos de 1996 a 2010, decorrentes dos canceres de colo do útero, corpo do útero, mama feminina, ovários, vulva, vagina, próstata, pênis e testículos, registrados no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Foi aplicada a regressão pelo método Joinpoint utilizando taxas padronizadas por idade para estimar o Annual Percentage Change e o Average Annual Percentage Change; as projeções foram calculadas no programa Nordpred, inscrito no programa R. Resultados: A mortalidade pelos canceres de pênis (APC=1,5% IC95% 0,7;2,3 p<0,05), testículos (APC=1,6% IC95% 0,5;2,8 p<0,05) e ovários (APC=0,8% IC95% 0,1; 1,5 p<0,05) mostrou tendência de aumento; enquanto os canceres de mama (APC=0,4% IC95% -0,2;1,0 p=0,2) e de próstata (AAPC=1,1% IC95% -0,2; 2,4 p=0,1) apresentaram tendência de estabilidade; e, para o câncer de colo do útero, a tendência foi de redução (APC=-1,7% IC95%-2,2; -1,1 p<0,05). A tendência e de redução da mortalidade nas regiões Sul e Sudeste e aumento nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, tendência que seguira ate o ano 2030. Conclusão: Existe uma marcante desigualdade na distribuição da mortalidade pelos canceres genitais no Brasil, e, em 2030, as regiões mais pobres do pais responderão pelas maiores taxas de mortalidade por esses canceres.

scholarly journals Trends in Premature Mortality From Acute Myocardial Infarction in the United States, 1999 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sourbha S. Dani ◽  
Ahmad N. Lone ◽  
Zulqarnain Javed ◽  
Muhammad S. Khan ◽  
Muhammad Zia Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Rural Counties ◽  
Average Annual Percentage Change

Background Evaluating premature (<65 years of age) mortality because of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by demographic and regional characteristics may inform public health interventions. Methods and Results We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s WONDER (Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) death certificate database to examine premature (<65 years of age) age‐adjusted AMI mortality rates per 100 000 and average annual percentage change from 1999 to 2019. Overall, the age‐adjusted AMI mortality rate was 13.4 (95% CI, 13.3–13.5). Middle‐aged adults, men, non‐Hispanic Black adults, and rural counties had higher mortality than young adults, women, NH White adults, and urban counties, respectively. Between 1999 and 2019, the age‐adjusted AMI mortality rate decreased at an average annual percentage change of −3.4 per year (95% CI, −3.6 to −3.3), with the average annual percentage change showing higher decline in age‐adjusted AMI mortality rates among large (−4.2 per year [95% CI, −4.4 to −4.0]), and medium/small metros (−3.3 per year [95% CI, −3.5 to −3.1]) than rural counties (−2.4 per year [95% CI, −2.8 to −1.9]). Age‐adjusted AMI mortality rates >90th percentile were distributed in the Southern states, and those with mortality <10th percentile were clustered in the Western and Northeastern states. After an initial decline between 1999 and 2011 (−4.3 per year [95% CI, −4.6 to −4.1]), the average annual percentage change showed deceleration in mortality since 2011 (−2.1 per year [95% CI, −2.4 to −1.8]). These trends were consistent across both sexes, all ethnicities and races, and urban/rural counties. Conclusions During the past 20 years, decline in premature AMI mortality has slowed down in the United States since 2011, with considerable heterogeneity across demographic groups, states, and urbanicity. Systemic efforts are mandated to address cardiovascular health disparities and outcomes among nonelderly adults.

scholarly journals Trends in Cardiovascular Mortality Related to Atrial Fibrillation in the United States, 2011 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Tanaka ◽  
Nilay S. Shah ◽  
Rod Passman ◽  
Philip Greenland ◽  
Donald M. Lloyd‐Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Average Annual Percentage Change

Background Prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) continues to increase and is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To inform prevention strategies aimed at reducing the burden of AF, we sought to quantify trends in cardiovascular mortality related to AF in the United States. Methods and Results We performed serial cross‐sectional analyses of national death certificate data for cardiovascular mortality related to AF, whereby cardiovascular disease was listed as underlying cause of death and AF as multiple cause of death among adults aged 35 to 84 years using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research. We calculated age‐adjusted mortality rates per 100 000 population and examined trends over time, estimating average annual percentage change using the Joinpoint Regression Program. Subgroup analyses were performed by race‐sex and across 2 age groups (younger: 35–64 years; older: 65–84 years). A total of 276 373 cardiovascular deaths related to AF were identified in the United States between 2011 and 2018 in decedents aged 35 to 84 years. Age‐adjusted mortality rate increased from 18.0 (95% CI, 17.8–18.2) to 22.3 (95% CI, 22.0–22.4) per 100 000 population between 2011 and 2018. The increase in age‐adjusted mortality rate (average annual percentage change) between 2011 and 2018 was greater among younger decedents (7.4% per year [95% CI, 6.8%–8.0%]) compared with older decedents (3.0% per year [95% CI, 2.6%–3.4%]). Conclusions Cardiovascular deaths related to AF are increasing, especially among younger adults, and warrant greater attention to prevention earlier in the life course.

scholarly journals Incidence and prevalence of sporadic and hereditary MTC in Denmark 1960–2014: a nationwide study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 829-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jes Sloth Mathiesen ◽  
Jens Peter Kroustrup ◽  
Peter Vestergaard ◽  
Kirstine Stochholm ◽  
Per Løgstrup Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Average Annual Percentage Change

Recent studies have shown a significant increase in the temporal trend of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) incidence. However, it remains unknown to which extent sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (SMTC) and hereditary MTC (HMTC) affect the MTC incidence over time. We conducted a nationwide retrospective study using previously described RET and MTC cohorts combined with review of medical records, pedigree comparison and relevant nationwide registries. The study included 474 MTC patients diagnosed in Denmark between 1960 and 2014. In the nationwide period from 1997 to 2014, we recorded a mean age-standardized incidence of all MTC, SMTC and HMTC of 0.19, 0.13 and 0.06 per 100,000 per year, respectively. The average annual percentage change in incidence for all MTC, SMTC and HMTC were 1.0 (P = 0.542), 2.8 (P = 0.125) and −3.1 (P = 0.324), respectively. The corresponding figures for point prevalence at January 1, 2015 were 3.8, 2.5 and 1.3 per 100,000, respectively. The average annual percentage change in prevalence from 1998 to 2015 for all MTC, SMTC and HMTC was 2.8 (P < 0.001), 3.8 (P < 0.001) and 1.5 (P = 0.010), respectively. We found no significant change in the incidence of all MTC, SMTC and HMTC possibly due to our small sample size. However, due to an increasing trend in the incidence of all MTC and opposing trends of SMTC (increasing) and HMTC (decreasing) incidence, it seems plausible that an increase for all MTC seen by others may be driven by the SMTC group rather than the HMTC group.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Lung Cancer in Shenzhen, 2008–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Lin Lei ◽  
Anyan Huang ◽  
Weicong Cai ◽  
Ling Liang ◽  
Yirong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Autocorrelation Analysis

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in China. The incidence trend and geographical distribution of lung cancer in southern China have not been reported. The present study explored the temporal trend and spatial distribution of lung cancer incidence in Shenzhen from 2008 to 2018. The lung cancer incidence data were obtained from the registered population in the Shenzhen Cancer Registry System between 2008 and 2018. The standardized incidence rates of lung cancer were analyzed by using the joinpoint regression model. The Moran’s I method was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis and to further draw a spatial cluster map in Shenzhen. From 2008 to 2018, the average crude incidence rate of lung cancer was 27.1 (1/100,000), with an annual percentage change of 2.7% (p < 0.05). The largest average proportion of histological type of lung cancer was determined as adenocarcinoma (69.1%), and an increasing trend was observed in females, with an average annual percentage change of 14.7%. The spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated some sites in Shenzhen as a high incidence rate spatial clustering area. Understanding the incidence patterns of lung cancer is useful for monitoring and prevention.

scholarly journals Space–time clustering and temporal trends of hospitalizations due to pulmonary tuberculosis: potential strategy for assessing health care policies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Almeida Santos ◽  
Danielle T Santos ◽  
Ricardo A Arcencio ◽  
Carla Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Ambulatory Setting ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Annual Percentage Change

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) causes pressure on healthcare resources, especially in terms of hospital admissions, despite being considered an ambulatory care-sensitive condition for which timely and effective care in ambulatory setting could prevent the need for hospitalization. Our objectives were to describe the spatial and temporal variation in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) hospitalizations, identify critical geographic areas at municipality level and characterize clusters of PTB hospitalizations to help the development of tailored disease management strategies that could improve TB control. Methods Ecologic study using sociodemographic, geographical and clinical information of PTB hospitalization cases from continental Portuguese public hospitals, between 2002 and 2016. Descriptive statistics, spatiotemporal cluster analysis and temporal trends were conducted. Results The space–time analysis identified five clusters of higher rates of PTB hospitalizations (2002–16), including the two major cities in the country (Lisboa and Porto). Globally, we observed a −7.2% mean annual percentage change in rate with only one of the identified clusters (out of six) with a positive trend (+4.34%). In the more recent period (2011–16) was obtained a mean annual percentage change in rate of −8.12% with only one cluster identified with an increase trend (+9.53%). Conclusions Our results show that space–time clustering and temporal trends analysis can be an invaluable resource to monitor the dynamic of the disease and contribute to the design of more effective, focused interventions. Interventions such as enhancing the detection of active and latent infection, improving monitoring and evaluation of treatment outcomes or adjusting the network of healthcare providers should be tailored to the specific needs of the critical areas identified.

Increases of suicide rates in Kansas: results from 2009-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Lloyd ◽  
David W. Oakley
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
The Difference

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the increase in suicide rates for Kansas residents, as well as quantify the difference in suicide rates between men and women across the State of Kansas. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate increases in suicide rates, a joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to calculate the annual percentage change in suicide rates. To evaluate differences between sex characteristics, a one-way analysis of variance was conducted. Findings Results of a joinpoint regression analysis found that the annual percentage change in the suicide rates of Kansas did increase significantly between 2009 and 2018. Furthermore, the rate of suicide increase among women was greater than the suicide rate increases of men. Originality/value The value of this study provides context to the suicide literature that could allow for better local and statewide policy decisions.

scholarly journals Trends in Acute Myocardial Infarction by Race and Ethnicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria C. Chi ◽  
Michael H. Kanter ◽  
Bonnie H. Li ◽  
Lei Qian ◽  
Stephanie R. Reading ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Age And Sex

Background Trends in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) incidence rates for diverse races/ethnicities are largely unknown, presenting barriers to understanding the role of race/ethnicity in AMI occurrence. Methods and Results We identified AMI hospitalizations for Kaiser Permanente Southern California members, aged ≥35 years, during 2000 to 2014 using discharge diagnostic codes. We excluded hospitalizations with missing race/ethnicity information. We calculated annual incidence rates (age and sex standardized to the 2010 US census population) for AMI, ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction by race/ethnicity (Hispanic and non‐Hispanic racial groups: Asian or Pacific Islander, black, and white). Using Poisson regression, we estimated annual percentage change in AMI, non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction incidence by race/ethnicity and AMI incidence rate ratios between race/ethnicity pairs, adjusting for age and sex. We included 18 630 776 person‐years of observation and identified 44 142 AMI hospitalizations. During 2000 to 2014, declines in AMI, non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction were 48.7%, 34.2%, and 69.8%, respectively. Age‐ and sex‐standardized AMI hospitalization rates/100 000 person‐years declined for Hispanics (from 307 to 162), Asians or Pacific Islanders (from 271 to 158), blacks (from 347 to 199), and whites (from 376 to 189). Annual percentage changes ranged from −2.99% to −4.75%, except for blacks, whose annual percentage change was −5.32% during 2000 to 2009 and −1.03% during 2010 to 2014. Conclusions During 2000 to 2014, AMI, non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction hospitalization incidence rates declined substantially for each race/ethnic group. Despite narrowing rates among races/ethnicities, differences persist. Understanding these differences can help identify unmet needs in AMI prevention and management to guide targeted interventions.

scholarly journals Is the Increasing Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in the Nordic Countries Caused by Use of Mobile Phones?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9129
Author(s):  
Michael Carlberg ◽  
Tarmo Koppel ◽  
Lena K. Hedendahl ◽  
Lennart Hardell
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Cancer Register ◽  
Time Period

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) at the World Health Organization (WHO) categorized in 2011 radiofrequency (RF) as a possible human carcinogen, Group 2B. During use of the handheld wireless phone, especially the smartphone, the thyroid gland is a target organ. During the 21st century, the incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing in many countries. We used the Swedish Cancer Register to study trends from 1970 to 2017. During that time period, the incidence increased statistically significantly in women with average annual percentage change (AAPC) +2.13%, 95% confidence interval (CI) +1.43, +2.83%. The increase was especially pronounced during 2010–2017 with annual percentage change (APC) +9.65%, 95% CI +6.68, +12.71%. In men, AAPC increased during 1970–2017 with +1.49%, 95% CI +0.71, +2.28%. Highest increase was found for the time period 2001–2017 with APC +5.26%, 95% CI +4.05, +6.49%. Similar results were found for all Nordic countries based on NORDCAN 1970–2016 with APC +5.83%, 95% CI +4.56, +7.12 in women from 2006 to 2016 and APC + 5.48%, 95% CI +3.92, +7.06% in men from 2005 to 2016. According to the Swedish Cancer Register, the increasing incidence was similar for tumors ≤4 cm as for tumors >4 cm, indicating that the increase cannot be explained by overdiagnosis. These results are in agreement with recent results on increased thyroid cancer risk associated with the use of mobile phones. We postulate that RF radiation is a causative factor for the increasing thyroid cancer incidence.

Pulmonary tuberculosis space–time clustering and spatial variation in temporal trends in Portugal, 2000–2010: an updated analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (15) ◽  
pp. 3211-3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. AREIAS ◽  
T. BRIZ ◽  
C. NUNES
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Level Data ◽  
High Space

SUMMARYPortugal, a medium- to low-level endemic country (21·6 cases/100 000 population in 2012), has one of the highest European Union tuberculosis (TB) incidences. Although incidence is declining progressively, the country's heterogeneity in both regional endemics and their evolution suggests the importance of a better understanding of subnational epidemiology to customize TB control efforts. We aimed to update knowledge on municipality-years pulmonary TB incidence clustering, identify areas with different time trends, and show the potential of combining complementary clustering methods in control of infectious diseases. We used national surveillance municipality-level data (mainland Portugal, 2000–2010). Space–time clustering and spatial variation in temporal trends methods were applied. Space–time critical clusters identified (P < 0·001) were still the Lisbon and Oporto regions. The global incidence declined at a 5·81% mean annual percentage change, with high space–time heterogeneity and distinct time trend clusters (P < 0·001). Municipalities with incidences declining more rapidly belonged to critical areas. In particular, the Oporto trend cluster had a consistent −8·98% mean annual percentage change. Large space–time heterogeneities were identified, with critical incidences in the greater Lisbon and Oporto regions, but declining more rapidly in these regions. Oporto showed a consistent, steeper decrease and could represent a good example of local control strategy. Combining results from these approaches gives promise for prospects for infectious disease control and the design of more effective, focused interventions.

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