scholarly journals How to prepare the video component of the Diachronic Corpus of Political Speeches for multimodal analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-151
Author(s):  
Camille Debras
Keyword(s):  
Full Length ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The Us ◽  
Construction Of Meaning ◽  
Pragmatic Variation ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Political Speeches

The Diachronic Corpus of Political Speeches (DCPS) is a collection of 1,500 full-length political speeches in English. It includes speeches delivered in countries where English is an official language (the US, Britain, Canada, Ireland) by English-speaking politicians in various settings from 1800 up to the present time. Enriched with semi-automatic morphosyntactic annotations and with discourse-pragmatic manual annotations, the DCPS is designed to achieve maximum representativeness and balance for political English speeches from major national English varieties in time, preserve detailed metadata, and enable corpus-based studies of syntactic, semantic and discourse-pragmatic variation and change on political corpora. For speeches given from 1950 onwards, video-recordings of the original delivery are often retrievable online. This opens up avenues of research in multimodal linguistics, in which studies on the integration of speech and gesture in the construction of meaning can include analyses of recurrent gestures and of multimodal constructions. This article discusses the issues at stake in preparing the video-recorded component of the DCPS for linguistic multimodal analysis, namely the exploitability of recordings, the segmentation and alignment of transcriptions, the annotation of gesture forms and functions in the software ELAN and the quantity of available gesture data.

Abstract MP45: National Women’s Knowledge of Stroke Warning Signs, Overall and by Race/Ethnic Group

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Mochari-Greenberger ◽  
Amytis Towfighi ◽  
Lori Mosca
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
The Us ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Us Census

Background: Early treatment is associated with better clinical outcomes in stroke, but women must recognize the warning signs of a stroke to reduce delays in treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate contemporary knowledge of stroke warning signs and intent to call 9-1-1 first if warning signs occur, among a nationally representative sample of women, overall and by race/ethnic group. Methods: A study of cardiovascular disease awareness and knowledge was conducted by the American Heart Association in 2012 among English speaking US women > 25 years identified through random digit dialing (N=1,205; 54% white, 17% black, 17% Hispanic, 12% other). Demographic data, including race/ethnic group, were evaluated using standardized categorical questions. Knowledge about warning signs of stroke, and what to do first if experiencing signs of a stroke, was assessed by standardized unaided questions. Data were weighted to reflect the US population of women based on the US Census Bureau’s March 2011 Current Population Survey, overall and within ethnic strata. Results: In 2012, half of women surveyed (51%) identified sudden weakness/numbness of face/limb on one side as a stroke warning sign; this did not vary by race/ethnic group. Loss of/trouble talking/understanding speech was identified by 44% of women, and more frequently among white versus Hispanic women (48% vs. 36%; p<.05). Fewer than one in four women identified sudden severe headache (23%), unexplained dizziness (20%), or sudden dizziness/loss of vision (18%) as warning signs, and one in five (20%) did not know one stroke warning sign; these results did not vary by race/ethnicity. The majority of women said that they would call 9-1-1 first if they thought they were experiencing signs of a stroke (84%), and this did not vary among black (86%), Hispanic (79%), or white/other (85%) women. Conclusions: Knowledge of stroke warning signs was low among a nationally representative sample of women, especially among Hispanics. In contrast, knowledge to call 9-1-1 when experiencing signs of stroke was high. These data suggest effort to improve recognition of the warning signs of stroke has potential to reduce treatment delay and improve outcomes among women.

scholarly journals Completing Self-administered Questionnaires: Hmong Older Adults and Their Family Helpers

Field Methods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-273
Author(s):  
Maichou Lor ◽  
Nora Cate Schaeffer ◽  
Roger L. Brown ◽  
Barbara J. Bowers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Interview Instrument ◽  
Audio Computer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Answering Questions

This study describes a method for collecting data from nonliterate, non-English-speaking populations. Our audio computer-assisted self-interview instrument with color-labeled response categories was designed for use with helper assistance. The study included 30 dyads of nonliterate older Hmong respondents and family helpers answering questions about health. Analysis of video recordings identified respondents’ problems and helpers’ strategies to address these problems. Seven dyads displayed the paradigmatic question–answer sequence for all items, while 23 departed from the paradigmatic sequence at least once. Reports and pauses were the most common signs of problems displayed by respondents. Paraphrasing questions or response categories and providing examples were the most common helper strategies. Future research could assess the impact of helpers’ strategies on data quality.

A comparative multimodal analysis of restaurant reviews from two geographical contexts

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Chik ◽  
Camilla Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
Community Norms ◽  
The Us ◽  
Semiotic Resources ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Restaurant Reviews ◽  
Formal Properties

In this article, the authors offer a comparative approach to the analysis of a popular internet genre – user-generated restaurant reviews – sampled from two different websites ( OpenRice and Yelp), which have emerged from two different geographic contexts (Hong Kong and the US). Their investigation reveals both similarities and differences of in terms of review format, content discussed and the use of several semiotic resources, such as the posting of photographs, the use of emoticons and emoji, and the expressive use of orthography and punctuation. The authors demonstrate that, while many of the formal properties of the genre are quite similar, some variations in review content may reflect underlying cultural differences. Furthermore, they show not only how the website’s architecture can either constrain or encourage the use (or non-use) of particular semiotic resources, but also suggest that other variables (i.e. orthographic systems, review community norms) may interact with medium factors.

scholarly journals Towards Culture-Inclusive Criminology in Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-24
Author(s):  
Masahiro Suzuki ◽  
Chen-Fu Pai
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The Us ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
Asian Criminology

AbstractMainstream criminology has been mainly developed in the US and other English-speaking countries. With an expansion of criminology outside the English-speaking world, several scholars have started to cast doubts on the applicability of current mainstream criminology in their regions because it has failed to account for cultural differences. This question has led to a call for an “indigenized” criminology, in which knowledge and discourses are derived from or fixed to align with unique cultural contexts in each region. In this vein, Liu (2009, 2016, 2017a, 2017b) has proposed Asian Criminology. While it has significantly contributed to the development of criminology in Asia, we see two challenges in Liu’s Asian Criminology: lack of consideration for cultural diversity within Asia and its focus on the individualism–collectivism continuum. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to developing criminology in Asia, which we call culture-inclusive criminology. It builds on a premise that Asia consists of a variety of cultural zones, and therefore calls for a shift from the Euro-American view on culture towards an understanding of culture in its context. Its goal is to develop indigenized criminologies in each cultural zone of Asia under an umbrella of culture-inclusive criminology.

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Comparative Topography Assessments

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Bartosz Koszowski ◽  
Esther Salazar ◽  
Meridith Hill Thanner ◽  
Wallace B. Pickworth ◽  
Antonio Paredes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Smoking Topography ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
Recording Unit ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
The Us ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Use Behavior

Objectives: Due to rapidly emerging electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) technologies, increasing use in the US, and the unclear impact on users' health, investigating behavior associated with ad libitum ENDS use is an important research topic. ENDS use behavior is typically assessed either by direct observation or through smoking topography recording units; however, systematic comparisons between these methods are lacking. Therefore, we sought to compare 2 common methods to quantify ENDS topography. Methods: Current ENDS users (N = 18) used their own brand ENDS ad libitum in a clinical laboratory. We compared smoking topographybased recording units (desktop Clinical Research Support System; CReSS) and observational video-recordings with frame-by-frame (FxF) analysis methods to quantify ENDS topography. Results: Although CReSS analyses tended to estimate higher puff count and shorter average puff duration than FxF analyses, estimates of total puff duration were not different. Furthermore, both topography analysis methods showed significant associations with estimated nicotine intake. Conclusions: Neither the CReSS nor the FxF method is suited perfectly for analyzing ENDS topography. However, because FxF analysis is time-consuming and cumbersome, smoking topography-based recording unit methods may offer a more practical approach to measure ENDS topography; however, researchers must consider its limitations.

Building a language community through radio in the age of social media: The case of Raidió na Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Rosemary Day ◽  
John Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Radio Station ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Past ◽  
Community Activists ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Social Communicative

This paper investigates the motivations of volunteers in participating in broadcasting on a community radio station in the age of social media. The station chosen broadcasts in Irish, a minority language in Ireland, although it is also the state’s national and first official language. It was founded to support and develop the community of Irish speakers in an English-speaking environment. Raidió na Life is based in Dublin and broadcasts to a mixed and dispersed population of Irish language speakers. One of the original aims of the station was to build a sense of community and linguistic empowerment for these people. Data generated by interviews and focus groups reveal that volunteers do not seem to share these clear-cut aims, in fact they seem to lack a sense of themselves as language or community activists. However, the performances of their roles as voluntary broadcasters, particularly in their engagement with their audiences on air and online, appear to be having the desired effect of building social, cultural and linguistic networks. The article demonstrates how social, communicative and cultural benefits can accrue through traditional broadcasting and new social media, even where practitioners are unaware of this dimension to their work. The element of fun or enjoyment keeps people volunteering and makes it personally worth their while. This is found to be more important than any sense of language or community activism as a motivation for participation in the station and is actually one of the reasons why Raidió na Life has manged to stay so successfully on air for the past 27 years.

scholarly journals Mental disorders among English-speaking Mexican immigrants to the US compared to a national sample of Mexicans

2007 ◽  
Vol 151 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Breslau ◽  
Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola ◽  
Guilherme Borges ◽  
Ruby Cecilia Castilla-Puentes ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
National Sample ◽  
The Us ◽  
English Speaking

The Theatre of Bernard-Marie Koltès and the ‘Other Spaces’ of Translation

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Delgado ◽  
David Fancy
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Senior Lecturer ◽  
American Theatre ◽  
The Us ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk

The work of the French playwright Bernard-Marie Koltès, although phenomenally successful in continental Europe, has been staged less frequently in Anglo-American theatres; and a major feature on his work in NTQ49 in February 1997, and the publication by Methuen later in the same year of a collection of three of his plays in English translation, brought him only belated recognition in print. In this paper, first presented at a recent gathering in France to mark the tenth anniversary of Koltès's death, Maria Delgado and David Fancy trace the trajectory of a number of his plays through the space of translation, including Roberto Zucco, Dans la solitude des champs de coton (In the Solitude of the Cottonfields), Quai Ouest (Quay West), and Combat de nègre et de chiens (Black Battles with Dogs). Koltès asserted in 1986 that ‘I have always somewhat disliked the theatre because theatre is the opposite of life; but I always come back to it and love it because it is the one place where you can say: this is not life’; and the poetic specificity of his work has posed significant challenges for an Anglo-American theatre culture imbued with actors' identification with character. Relying on testimonials from a variety of directors, translators, and actors, as well as evidence from productions in the UK, Ireland, and the US, the authors, who are both Koltès translators, trace the challenges that have faced English-speaking artists wishing to stage this demanding writer. Maria Delgado is Senior Lecturer in Drama at Queen Mary, University of London, and David Fancy is a freelance director based in Canada who is currently completing a PhD on Koltès's work.

Variations in the use of intertexts at the macro-contextual level: The case of English press news

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-112
Author(s):  
Jian-Shiung Shie
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Full Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Discourse Units

An intertext (e.g. Home Smart Home) adopts or adapts an earlier source text (e.g. Home Sweet Home) in such a way that the intertextual meaning can be constructed or appreciated in terms of the source text. This article explores variations in the use of intertexts across six English newspapers in different macro contexts. Drawn from the six newspapers were 1,681 full-length news stories, from which 253 intertexts were identified. The ensuing intertextual and macro-contextual analyses of the identified intertexts show that (i) they were largely situated in the context of a large newspaper for speakers of English as a native/official language, (ii) the most adaptable intertextual sources are formulaic expressions, media products, and literary and scholarly works, (iii) intertexts tend to appear in salient discourse units (namely, the headline, lead, and coda) to realize a pragmatic act, and (iv) formal intertexts find greater affordance of playfulness in salient discourse units and in native-speaking contexts than the other intertexts. The survey and analyses have shed some light on the affordance between intertexts and their macro contexts.

scholarly journals Analysis on English Speaking Performance: Exploring Students’ Errors and The Causes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Dayat Dayat
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Interview ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Causes Of Errors ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Data Credibility ◽  
Speaking Performance ◽  
English Students

<p>This study was aimed to analyze students’ errors and the causes during speaking performance by twenty-nine fourth semester English students of in IKIP PGRI Pontianak who had low speaking performance. In collecting the data, video recordings were used to find errors and frequencies, while, focus group interview investigating factors of speaking errors. The data were analyzedby identifying the errors, grouping and tabulating into category codes. To analyze the interview, 1) listening to talking data, 2) shaping talking data, 3) communicating talking data with an interpretative intent, 4) reproducing or (re)constructing data, and building data credibility. The findings showed speaking errors with five categories: 28% of incorrect omissions, 26% of unnecessary words, 24% of misused forms, 19% of confused forms, and 3% of misplaced forms. Furthermore, other findings mostly included the causes of errors that influenced them in speaking were interlingual transfer, intralingual transfer, learning context, and communication strategies.</p>

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