scholarly journals In Vitro Test of Anticalculi Effect from Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Chives Leaf (Allium schoenoprasum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Iksen ◽  
Siti Morin Sinaga ◽  
Kevin Kevin ◽  
Marshinta Romarta Uly Hutabalian
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Allium Schoenoprasum ◽  
Vitro Test

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of chives leaves of ethyl acetate fraction to dissolve calcium in human kidney stones. This research starts from making the ethyl acetate fraction, calibration curve for calcium and measuring dissolved calcium levels in kidney stones by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction with a concentration of 2.5% had the greatest anti-calculi capability of 92.02%. The conclusion of this study is that the ethyl acetate fraction of chives leaf has the potential to be anticalculi in the treatment of kidney stones.   Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan fraksi etil asetat daun kucai  untuk melarutkan kalsium pada batu ginjal manusia. Penelitian ini dimulai dari pembuatan fraksi etil asetat, pembuatan kurva kalibrasi kalsium serta pengukuran kadar kalsium terlarut pada batu ginjal dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri serapan atom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat dengan konsentrasi 2,5 % memiliki kemampuan antikalkuli yang terbesar yakni 92,02%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa fraksi etil asetat daun kucai berpotensi sebagai antikalkuli pada pengobatan batu ginjal.  

scholarly journals In Vitro Test of Antibacterial Ethanol Extract, n-Hexane Fraction and Ethyl acetate Fraction of Sungkai Leaf (Peronema cenescens) Against Salmonella typhi

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Sitepu Nadroh Br.
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Vitro Test

Object: This study aims to look at the class of compounds and the comparison of the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction and ethyl acetate of Sungkai leaves against Salmonella typhi. Methods: Study included phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial testing of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction and ethyl acetate of Sungkai leaves against Salmonella typhi. Results: obtained groups of chemical compounds alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, anthraquinones, tannins and triterpenoids/steroids on Sungkai leaf powder. Ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves obtained resistance at a concentration of 20% by 12.7 mm, and inhibition of the ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 20% of 14.8 mm. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate fraction of Sungkai leaves have antibacterial properties against S. typhi which is greater than ethanol extract and hexane fraction of leaf heal.  

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF CHLOROFORM, N-BUTANOL, AND ETHYL ACETATE FRACTIONS OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS LINN. FLOWERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Rini Hamsidi ◽  
Aty Widyawaruyanti ◽  
Achmad Fuad Hafid ◽  
Wiwied Ekasari ◽  
Henny Kasmawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Dmso Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: This objective of this research was to study in vitro antimalarial activity of chloroform, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate fractions of ethanol extracts of Carthamus tinctorius Linn. flowers from Asteraceae family which empirically been used as traditional medication by people in South Sulawesi to heal measles.Methods: Fractionation was conducted using chloroform, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate. Determination of antimalarial activity was performed by in vitro test using the 24-well microplate and the candle-jar method. Breeding is done in a petri-dish and done aseptically. Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 culture obtained from frozen deposits in-thawing and bread from Pharmacy Laboratory of Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia. Blood sample with a density of over 2000 was employed. Serial decreasing concentrations of the crude extract of chloroform, butanol, and ethyl acetate fraction were tested for antimalarial activity. The following concentrations were used; 100; 10; 1.0; 0.1; and 0.01 (mg/mL). Negative controls used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) diluted in the same manner as diluting materials above test, to obtain final DMSO concentration is not more than 0.5%. Mixture and suspension test parasites (= test preparation) are then inserted into the candle-jar and incubated in a CO2 incubator at a temperature of 37°C for 48 h. After incubation for 48 h made a thin blood smear on glass object. Smear dried at room temperature, fixed with methanol, then, once dry stained with Giemsa and counted under a microscope parasitemianya with 1000 times magnification. Calculations performed on 5000’s erythrocytes.Results: Results showed that chloroform and n-butanol fraction cannot inhibit parasitemia >50%, but ethyl acetate fraction can inhibit parasitemia >50% with the highest inhibition at 100 μg/mL of 94.48%.Conclusion: Ethyl acetate fraction is highly active as antimalarial with an IC50 of 1.25 μg/mL.

scholarly journals CYTOTOXIC EFFECT FROM ETHYL ACETATE-METHANOL SUBFRACTION OF CARRISA CARANDAS L TOWARD HELA CELLS BY IN VITRO TEST

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Mamik P. Rahayu ◽  
Reslely Harjanti ◽  
Mae S. H. Wahyuningsih ◽  
Supargiyono .
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Colorless Crystal ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Vitro Test

Objective: Cervical cancer is a malignant type of cancer, often affects women, particularly in developing countries. Carrisa carandas leaves contained many secondary metabolites that had potency as an anticancer. The purpose of this study was to understand the cytotoxic effect of subfraction of Carrisa carandas leaves against HeLa cells.Methods: Chloroform fraction was separated by VLC gradually with n-hexane–chloroform–ethyl acetate and methanol. The same profiles from eluent chloroform–ethyl acetate composed fraction 18-26 were categorized as Fr4 and ethyl acetate-methanol composed fraction 27-30 as Fr5. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT assay on HeLa cellsResults: The result showed that the cytotoxic effect of subfraction Fr4 and Fr5 had IC50 values of 177 mg/ml and 98 mg/ml, respectively. Colorless crystal of Subfraction Fr 5-3 had IC50 value of 333 mg/ml. Subfraction Fr 5 showed effective cytotoxic activity than the others. Conclusion: It had chemo-preventive effect against cancer cellsConclusion: This study applied MTT (Microculture Tetrazolium) method by in vitro test. The advantages of this method are relatively rapid, sensitive and accurate

scholarly journals In vitro Test for Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 Parasites using Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. hygroscopicus Strain i18, Isolated from a Pineapple Farm in Lampung

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endah Setyaningrum ◽  
Achmad Arifiyanto ◽  
Nismah Nukmal ◽  
Titik Nur Aeny ◽  
Meishy Handerlin Putri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Streptomyces Hygroscopicus ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Target Effects

Increasing natural ingredient awareness and utilization has created an increased demand for sources of natural medicinal ingredients, including sources of compound used to treat malaria. Streptomyces is a genus of prokaryote well recognized for its production of antibiotics and other pharmaceutically useful compound. This study aimed to assess the ability of unpurified fermentation metabolites to inhibit Plasmodium parasites. A strain of bacteria identified as Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. hygroscopicus strain i18 were isolated from pineapple fields in Lampung province, and was cultured and fermented on liquid synthetic Gause medium for 10 days. The supernatant was separated from the cells and extracted with ethyl acetate-methanol (1:1). Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 was used for antiplasmodial testing. Metabolites were tested qualitatively using a phytochemical approach. Saponins and triterpenoids were found to be present in the extract. Parasite inhibition as measured using probit analysis and yielded an IC50 value of 11.07 g.m/L. These findings suggest further examinations of this extract (e.g. assessment of off-target effects) are warranted.

scholarly journals POTENCY OF CHIVES (ALLIUM SCHOENOPRASUM L.) LEAVES INFUSE AS INHIBITOR CALCIUM LITHOGENESIS ON URINARY TRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Siti Morin Sinaga ◽  
Iksen Iksen ◽  
Ginda Haro ◽  
Selvy Wardhany
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Histopathologic Study ◽  
Potential Efficacy ◽  
Allium Schoenoprasum ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

 Objective: This study examined the antilithogenesis activity by in vitro and histopathologic study from the infuse solution of chives leaves powder.Methods: The study begins with standard phytochemical screening on the powder of chives leaves. For performing in vitro antilithogenesis activity, atomic absorption spectrophotometry method was adopted to measure the dissolved calcium level. Histopathologic study was using animal models.Result: Phytochemical screening of chives leaves powder has a lot of phytochemical constituents. In vitro assay showed that chives infuse can dissolve the human calcium stone (47.7% for 12.5% concentration of chives leaves infuse). The histopathologic study showed that chives leaves can be used to treat the calcium lithogenesis.Conclusion: This experiment provides evidence that chives leaves have highlighted the potential efficacy for the treatment of calcium lithogenesis.

Haemostatic Platelet Plug Formation in the Isolated Rabbit Mesenteric Preparation - An Analysis of Red Blood Cell Participation

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-008 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Bergqvist ◽  
K-E Arfors
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Releasing Effect ◽  
Plug Formation

SummaryIn a model using an isolated rabbit mesenteric preparation microvessels were transected and the time until haemostatic plugs formed was registered. Perfusion of platelet rich plasma gave no haemostasis whereas whole blood did. Addition of chlorpromazine or adenosine to the whole blood significantly prolonged the time for haemostasis, and addition of ADP to the platelet rich plasma significantly shortened it. It is concluded that red cells are necessary for a normal haemostasis in this model, probably by a combination of a haemodynamic and ADP releasing effect.The fundamental role of platelets in haemostatic plug formation is unquestionable but there are still problems concerning the stimulus for this process to start. Three platelet aggregating substances have been discussed – thrombin, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen. Evidence speaking in favour of thrombin is, however, very minimal, and the discussion has to be focused on collagen and ADP. In an in vitro system using polyethylene tubings we have shown that "haemostasis" can be obtained without the presence of collagen but against these results can be argued that it is only another in vitro test for platelet aggregation (1).To be able to induce haemostasis in this model, however, the presence of red blood cells is necessary. To further study this problem we have developed a model where haemostatic plug formation can be studied in the isolated rabbit mesentery and we have briefly reported on this (2).Thus, it is possible to perfuse the vessels with whole blood as well as with platelet rich plasma (PRP) and different pharmacological agents of importance.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals of Minthostachys diffusa Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Lucia Chiummiento ◽  
Eloy Fernandez ◽  
Alka Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Health Promoting

The genus Minthostachys belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Minthostachys diffusa Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays. A range of radical scavenging activities of the samples against biological radicals such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion and against synthetic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the lipid peroxidation inhibition were determined and ranked using the ‘relative antioxidant capacity index’ (RACI). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest RACI of +1.12. Analysis of the various fractions’ inhibitory ability against enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and against enzymes associated with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) also suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed more than 30 polyphenolic compounds, including triterpenes. The inhibitory cholinesterase effects of the triterpenes identified from M. diffusa were further analysed by in silico docking of these compounds into 3D-structures of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. This is the first study on pharmacological activities and phytochemical profiling of the aerial parts of M. diffusa, showing that this plant, normally used as food in South America, is also rich in health-promoting phytochemicals.

scholarly journals Perilla frutescens Leaf Extract and Fractions: Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant, Enzymes (α-Glucosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Tyrosinase) Inhibitory, Anticancer, and Antidiabetic Activities

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Wang ◽  
Zongcai Tu ◽  
Xing Xie ◽  
Hao Cui ◽  
Kin Weng Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
Inhibitory Ability

This study aims to evaluate the bioactive components, in vitro bioactivities, and in vivo hypoglycemic effect of P. frutescens leaf, which is a traditional medicine-food homology plant. P. frutescens methanol crude extract and its fractions (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fractions, and aqueous phase residue) were prepared by ultrasound-enzyme assisted extraction and liquid–liquid extraction. Among the samples, the ethyl acetate fraction possessed the high total phenolic (440.48 μg GAE/mg DE) and flavonoid content (455.22 μg RE/mg DE), the best antioxidant activity (the DPPH radical, ABTS radical, and superoxide anion scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power were 1.71, 1.14, 2.40, 1.29, and 2.4 times higher than that of control Vc, respectively), the most powerful α-glucosidase inhibitory ability with the IC50 value of 190.03 μg/mL which was 2.2-folds higher than control acarbose, the strongest proliferative inhibitory ability against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell with the IC50 values of 37.92 and 13.43 μg/mL, which were considerable with control cisplatin, as well as certain inhibition abilities on acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase. HPLC analysis showed that the luteolin, rosmarinic acid, rutin, and catechin were the dominant components of the ethyl acetate fraction. Animal experiments further demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction could significantly decrease the serum glucose level, food, and water intake of streptozotocin-induced diabetic SD rats, increase the body weight, modulate their serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C, improve the histopathology and glycogen accumulation in liver and intestinal tissue. Taken together, P. frutescens leaf exhibits excellent hypoglycemic activity in vitro and in vivo, and could be exploited as a source of natural antidiabetic agent.

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