Pengembangan Elektroda Flat Base dan Gel Konduktif Sebagai Pengganti Elektroda Konvensional

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Soni Satiawan ◽  
Buhaira Buhaira
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Base Electrode ◽  
Flat Base ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Sugar Powder ◽  
Geoelectric Data ◽  
Measurement Area ◽  
Better Than

Pengembangan elektroda flat base dengan menggunakan gel konduktif telah dilakukan dalam pengukuran data geolistrik di lapangan. Pengembangan elektroda flat base bertujuan untuk mengganti penggunaan elektroda konvensional berupa elektroda tancap (spike electrode) yang memiliki keterbatasan pada area yang berbeton atau tidak memiliki ruang tancap ke tanah. Ukuran flat base 7 x 7 cm dengan gel konduktif, gel A (campuran tepung gula, garam, dan air), gel B (campuran MgSO4, tepung gula, air), dan gel C (campuran CuSO4, tepung gula, air), telah dibuat. Perbandingan hasil pengukuran dilakukan terhadap hasil pengukuran menggunakan ketiga jenis gel untuk menentukan gel konduktif yang terbaik yang dapat menggantikan penggunaan elektroda tancap. Dari hasil pengukuran diperoleh, arus listrik yang mengalir pada elektroda flat base dengan ukuran 7 x 7 cm dan gel A lebih baik dibandingkan penggunaan gel yang lain. Selain itu dari hasil inversi data pengukuran, hasil pengolahan data yang menggunakan elektroda dan gel tersebut cukup merepresentasikan kondisi bawah permukaan daerah pengukuran.   The development of flat base electrodes using conductive gel has been done in measuring geoelectric data in the field. The development of flat base electrode aims to replace the use of conventional electrodes in the form of spike electrode which has limitedness in the area which is concrete or does not have a tap space to the ground. The size of a 7 x 7 cm flat base with a conductive gel, gel A (a mixture of sugar, salt, and water flour), gel B (mixture MgSO4, sugar powder, water), and gel C (CuSO4 mixture, created. A comparison of the measurement results has made to the measurements using the three types of gels to determine the best conductive gel that can replace the use of the stepped electrode. From the measurement results obtained, the electric current flowing on the flat base electrode with a size of 7 x 7 cm and gel A is better than the use of another gel. In addition from the inversion of measurement data, the results of data processing using electrodes and the gel is quite representative of the subsurface condition of the measurement area.

scholarly journals Modeling of German Low Voltage Cables with Ground Return Path

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Geis-Schroer ◽  
Sebastian Hubschneider ◽  
Lukas Held ◽  
Frederik Gielnik ◽  
Michael Armbruster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Laboratory Measurement ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Return Path

In this contribution, measurement data of phase, neutral, and ground currents from real low voltage (LV) feeders in Germany is presented and analyzed. The data obtained is used to review and evaluate common modeling approaches for LV systems. An alternative modeling approach for detailed cable and ground modeling, which allows for the consideration of typical German LV earthing conditions and asymmetrical cable design, is proposed. Further, analytical calculation methods for model parameters are described and compared to laboratory measurement results of real LV cables. The models are then evaluated in terms of parameter sensitivity and parameter relevance, focusing on the influence of conventionally performed simplifications, such as neglecting house junction cables, shunt admittances, or temperature dependencies. By comparing measurement data from a real LV feeder to simulation results, the proposed modeling approach is validated.

scholarly journals A balanced-to-balanced directional coupler based on branch-slotline coupled structure

Frequenz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 427-433
Author(s):  
Yaxin Liu ◽  
Feng Wei ◽  
Xiaowei Shi ◽  
Cao Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Directional Coupler ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Differential Mode ◽  
Arbitrary Power ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Transition Structures ◽  
Coupled Structures ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractIn this paper, a balanced-to-balanced (BTB) branch-slotline directional coupler (DC) is firstly presented, which can realize an arbitrary power division ratios (PDRs). The coupler is composed by microstrip-to-slotline (MS) transition structures and branch-slotline coupled structures. The single-ended to balanced-ended conversion is simplified and easy to implemented by the MS transition structures, which intrinsically leads to the differential-mode (DM) transmission and common-mode (CM) suppression. Moreover, the different PDRs which are controlled by the widths of branch-slotlines can be achieved. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed design method, two prototype circuits of the proposed coupler with different PDRs are fabricated and measured. The return loss and the isolation of two designs are all better than 10 dB. Moreover, the CM suppressions are greater than 35 dB. A good agreement between the simulation and measurement results is observed.

scholarly journals Inverse Infiltration Modeling of Dike Covers Made of Dredged Material Using PEST and AMALGAM

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Tim Jurisch ◽  
Stefan Cantré ◽  
Fokke Saathoff
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Dredged Materials ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Eigenvalue Ratio ◽  
Ill Posed ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Installation Technology

A variety of studies recently proved the applicability of different dried, fine-grained dredged materials as replacement material for erosion-resistant sea dike covers. In Rostock, Germany, a large-scale field experiment was conducted, in which different dredged materials were tested with regard to installation technology, stability, turf development, infiltration, and erosion resistance. The infiltration experiments to study the development of a seepage line in the dike body showed unexpected measurement results. Due to the high complexity of the problem, standard geo-hydraulic models proved to be unable to analyze these results. Therefore, different methods of inverse infiltration modeling were applied, such as the parameter estimation tool (PEST) and the AMALGAM algorithm. In the paper, the two approaches are compared and discussed. A sensitivity analysis proved the presumption of a non-linear model behavior for the infiltration problem and the Eigenvalue ratio indicates that the dike infiltration is an ill-posed problem. Although this complicates the inverse modeling (e.g., termination in local minima), parameter sets close to an optimum were found with both the PEST and the AMALGAM algorithms. Together with the field measurement data, this information supports the rating of the effective material properties of the applied dredged materials used as dike cover material.

Absorbed Radiation Heat Flux Sensors for Orbital Spacecraft. Algorithms for Measurement Data Processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-403
Author(s):  
A. V. Nenarokomov ◽  
D. L. Reviznikov ◽  
D. A. Neverova ◽  
E. V. Chebakov ◽  
A. V. Morzhukhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Radiation Heat ◽  
Radiation Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Flux Sensors ◽  
Orbital Spacecraft

scholarly journals Measurement experiences with FluxSet digital D/I station

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Hegymegi ◽  
János Szöllősy ◽  
Csaba Hegymegi ◽  
Ádám Domján
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Inclination Angles ◽  
Flux Gate

Abstract. Geomagnetic observatories use classical theodolites equipped with single-axis flux-gate magnetometers known as declination–inclination magnetometers (DIM) to determine absolute values of declination and inclination angles. This instrument and the measurement method are very reliable but need a lot of handwork and experience. The authors developed and built a non-magnetic theodolite which gives all measurement data in digital form. Use of this instrument significantly decreases the possibility of observation errors and minimises handwork. The new instrument is presented in this paper together with first measurement results in comparison to the classical DIM.

An Improved Wavelet Threshold De-Noising Data Processing Method Research in Deformation Monitoring

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 2858-2863
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Threshold Function ◽  
Wavelet Coefficients ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Data Processing Method ◽  
Soft Threshold ◽  
Fixed Bias ◽  
Better Than

Due to the soft and hard threshold function exist shortcomings. This will reduce the performance in wavelet de-noising. in order to solve this problem，This article proposes Modulus square approach. the new approach avoids the discontinuity of the hard threshold function and also decreases the fixed bias between the estimated wavelet coefficients and the wavelet coefficients of the soft-threshold method．Simulation results show that SNR and MSE are better than simply using soft and hard threshold，having good de-noising effect in Deformation Monitoring.

scholarly journals Selected algorithms for measurement data processing in impulse-radar-based system for monitoring of human movements

2016 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 012057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Miękina ◽  
Jakub Wagner ◽  
Paweł Mazurek ◽  
Roman Z. Morawski
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Human Movements

scholarly journals Prototype Sistem Deteksi Partial Discharge Pada Isolasi Kabel Menggunakan Sensor Microphone (Prototype Of Partial Discharge Detection System In Cable Isolation Using Microphone Sensor)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Mochamad Zaeynuri Setiawan ◽  
Fachrudin Hunaini ◽  
Mohamad Mukhsim
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Cable Insulation ◽  
Insulation Failure ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Discharge Detection

The phenomenon that often arises in a substation is the problem of partial discharge in outgoing cable insulation. Partial discharge is a jump of positive and negative ions that are not supposed to meet so that it can cause a spark jump. If a partial discharge is left too long it can cause insulation failure, the sound of snakes like hissing and the most can cause a flashover on the outgoing cable. Then a partial discharge detection prototype was made in the cable insulation in order to anticipate the isolation interference in the outgoing cable. Can simplify the work of substation operators to check the reliability of insulation on the outgoing side of each cubicle. So it was compiled as a method for measuring sound waves caused by partial discharge in the process of measuring using a microphone sensor, the Arduino Mega 2560 module as a microcontroller, the LCD TFT as a monitoring and the MicroSD card module as its storage. The microphone sensor is a sensor that has a high sensitivity to sound, has 2 analog and digital readings, and is easily designed with a microcontroller. Basically the unit of measure measured at partial discharge is Decibels. The results of the prototype can be applied to the cubicle and the way it works is to match the prototype to the outgoing cubicle cable then measure from the cable boots connector to the bottom of the outgoing cable with a distance of 1 meter. Then the measurement results will be monitored on the TFT LCD screen in the form of measurement results, graphs and categories on partial discharge. In this design the measurement data made by the microphone can be stored with microSD so that it can make an evaluation of partial discharge handling in outgoing cable insulation.

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