Endophytic Bacteria of Cotton and Sweet Corn for Providing Growth Promotion and Biological Disease Control

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Kloepper ◽  
Ilan Chet
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Chitinolytic Enzymes ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Biological Control Potential

Endophytes were isolated from 16.7% of surface-disinfested seeds and 100% of stems and roots of field-growth plants. Strains from Israel with broad-spectrum in vitro antibiosis were mainly Bacillus spp., and some were chitinolytic. Following dipping of cut cotton roots into suspensions of these strains, endophytes were detected up to 72 days later by isolation and by autoradiograms of 14C-labelled bacteria. Selected endophytes exhibited biological control potential based on significant reductions in disease severity on cotton inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani or Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum as well as control of Sclerotium rolfsii on bean. Neither salicylic acid nor chitinase levels increased in plants as a result of endophytic colonization, suggesting that the observed biocontrol was not accounted for by PR protein production. Some biocontrol endophytes secreted chitinolytic enzymes. Model endophytic strains inoculated into cotton stems via stem injection showed only limited movement within the stem. When introduced into stems at low concentrations, endophytes increased in population density at the injection site. After examining several experimental and semi-practical inoculation systems, seed treatment was selected as an efficient way to reintroduce most endophytes into plants.

scholarly journals Use of Trichoderma in Biological Control of Collar Rot of Soybean and Chickpea

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Mahbuba Kaniz Hasna ◽  
Md. Abul Kashem ◽  
Farid Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

An in vitro and field experiments for two consecutive years were conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, aiming to investigate the efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum against Sclerotium rolfsii causing collar rot disease of soybean and chickpea. In in vitro the antagonistic activity of T. harzianum against S. rolfsii was observed through dual culture. In field experiment Trichoderma was applied as soil treatment and seed treatment. The percent inhibition of S. rolfsii induced by T. harzianum was found upto 78.9% in in vitro. The maximum reduction of collar rot disease incidence over control was 82.4% in soybean and 77.6% in chickpea which was recorded in the plot where T. harzianum was applied in the soil. The highest seed germination: 86.3% in soybean and 84.8% in chickpea, maximum fresh shoot weight: 94.5 g plant-1 in soybean, 62.5 g plant-1 in chickpea, maximum fresh root weight: 10.7 g plant-1 in soybean, 9.3 g plant-1 in chickpea and the highest yield: 2830 kg ha-1 in soybean, 1836 kg ha-1 in chickpea were obtained by the application of Trichoderma in soil. The study indicated that the tested isolate of T. harzianum had potential in controlling collar rot disease of soybean and chickpea. For the reduction of collar rot incidence application of T. harzianum in soil was found more effective than seed treatment. 

scholarly journals Daya Hambat Minyak Serai Wangi (Andropogon nordus L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Koloni Patogen Terbawa Benih secara In Vitro dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Terung (Solanum melongena L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldina Cahaya ◽  
Hasanuddin Hasanuddin ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Citronella Oil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Oil Concentration

Abstrak. Penelitan tentang efektifitas minyak serai wangi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen terbawa benih secara in vitro dan pengaruhnya terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih terung dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Program Studi Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung pada bulan Juni sampai dengan Agustus 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis patogen dan konsentrasi minyak serai wangi serta interaksi antara jenis patogen dengan konsentrasi minyak serai wangi terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen terbawa benih secara in vitro.  Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minyak serai wangi yang efektif terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih terung secara in vivo. Percobaan I menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial terdiri atas dua faktor, faktor pertama yang diteliti terdiri dari 6 taraf konsentrasi minyak serai wangi, faktor kedua adalah 2 taraf jenis isolat patogen dengan 3 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 36 satuan percobaan. Percobaan II menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola non faktorial yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 20satuan unit percobaan. Hasil percobaan I menunjukkan bahwa Daya hambat pertumbuhan Rhizoctonia solani secara sempurna (100%) diperoleh dengan pemberian minyak serai wangi pada konsentrasi 0,08%. Sementara daya hambat 100% pada patogen Sclerotium rolfsii, diperoleh dengan pemberian minyak serai wangi pada konsentrasi 0,10%. Hasil percobaan II menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan benih dengan minyak serai wangi tidak memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih apabila konsentrasi yang digunakan dibawah 0,02% Effectiveness of In Vitro Inhibitory Effects of citronella oil (Andropogon nordus L.) on Controlling the growth of seed borne pathogens Colonies and the effect for viability and vigor of eegplant seed (Solanum melongena L).Abstract. The research of citronella oil effectivity on controlling the growth of seed borne pathogens under in vitro conditions and the effect for viability and vigor of eggplant seed.has been carried out in the laboratorium of seed, Departement of Agroteknologi, Agriculure Faculty, Syiah Kuala University was started from June until August  2017. The purpose of this study was to find out about the effect of pathoghen with citronella oil concentration and interact between pathogen with citronella oil concentration on controlling the growth of seed borne pathogens under in vitro conditions.The second purpose of this research was to find out about effectiveness of citronella oil to viability and vigor of eggplant seed under in vivo conditions. The first research used double randomize design method concisting with  two standards,the first was using  6 concentrations of citronella oil, seconf was two kinds of pathogens and repeated 3 times to obtain36 units of experiment. The second research used single randomized design method (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and repeated 5 times to obtain 20 units of experiment. The results of the first research showed that the solubility of Rhyzoctonia solani growth (100%) was obtained by administering citronella oil at a concentration of 0.08%. While 100% inhibitory in Sclerotium rolfsii pathogens, obtained by administration of citronella oil at a concentration of 0.10%. The results of experiment II showed that the seed treatment with citronella oil did not negatively affect the viability and vigor of the seeds when the concentration used was 0.02%

scholarly journals Utilization of indigenous endophytic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) for their beneficial effect on growth of Sugarcane

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Beenu Shastri ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Ram Ji Lal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) occupies an important position among the various commercial crops of India. It is the second most important agro-industrial crop, next only to cotton in the country. Among the various approaches, use of microorganisms is one of the crucial approaches for enhancement of crop production. In recent years, endophytic bacteria are gaining much attention towards the sustainable management of the agricultural crops. They not only help in the plant growth but also in alleviating the various stresses due to their multi-faceted role. In current study, two endophytic bacteria i.e. B. cereus (strain S8) and B. subtilis (strain S 17) isolated from the sugarcane root and stalk were evaluated for their plant growth promotion activity in vitro and as well as in vivo. Data indicated that the percentage germination was higher in B. cereus (S8) over B. subtilis (S 17) treated setts when observed after 45 days of planting. Various growth parameters viz., cane height, weight, number of shoots and internodes were also increased in the presence of endophytic bacterial inoculation over uninoculated control. Thus, it is concluded that sett treatment with indigenous endophytic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) can be exploited for enhancing cane yield and productivity in sugarcane culture.

scholarly journals Kemampuan Bakteri Endofit dalam Mengendalikan Penyakit Rebah Kecambah dan Layu Sclerotium (Sclerotium rolfsii) pada Kedelai

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Husda Marwan
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Diseased Plant ◽  
Damping Off

Endophytic bacteria have potency as candidates of biological control agents to plant disease, because the bacteria as reported to be associated with plant resistance to pathogens. The study aimed to determine the ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro, and suppress damping off disease incedence and Sclerotium wilt disease severity on soybean. The ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit S. rolfsii was carried out on 44 isolates that isolated from soybean, rice and banana. The ability of endophytic bacteria to control damping off disease was carried out on 13 isolates were selected in vitro (BE-CW1, BE-M1, BE-M2, BE-M3, BE-M4, BE-S1, BE-S6, BE-S13, BE-S14, BE -BRRG2, BE-KH1), and also fungicides and two controls (healthy plant and diseased plant). The ability of endophytic bacteria to control Sclerotium wilt was carried out on 6 isolates which showed pressure on damping off disease (BE-M1, BE-M2, BE-M3, BE-M4, BE-CW1, BE-KH2) and 2 controls (healthy plants and diseased plants).The results showed that the thirteen isolates of endophytic bacteria could inhibit mycelial growth and germination S. rolfsii. Soybean seed treatment revealed that dipping the seed in endophytic bacterial isolates suppressed damping off disease incedence with a range of 37.4 to 49.9% and Sclerotium wilt disease severity of 20.1 to 85 % , as well as reduced the mortality of soybean by 26.3 to 84.4 % . BE-KH2 isolate was able to suppress Sclerotium wilt in soybean by 85% and reduce the mortality by 67.5%.

scholarly journals Biocontrol and seed transmission of Bipolaris oryzae and Gerlachia oryzae to rice seedlings

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bittencourt Moura ◽  
Juliane Ludwig ◽  
Aline Garske Santos ◽  
Jaqueline Tavares Schafer ◽  
Vanessa Nogueira Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
The One

Bipolaris oryzae and Gerlachia oryzae, which cause rice brown spot and leaf scald, respectively, are mainly disseminated by seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of seeds microbiolization to reduce transmission of these pathogens to seedlings by using the bacteria DFs185 (Pseudomonas synxantha), DFs223 (P. fluorescens), DFs306 (unidentified) and DFs418 (Bacillus sp.). Seeds naturally infested/infected with both pathogens were immersed in suspension of these bacteria (A540 = 0.5) individually or in saline solution (control treatment). After 30 minutes of agitation at 10 ºC, 400 seeds were submitted to a sanity test through the blotter method and the isolate DFs223 was the best to reduce the incidence of B. oryzae and G. oryzae in both seed lots evaluated. Seeds treated like above were sowed in sterilized vermiculite. Seed transmission and growth promotion were recorded after 21 days of incubation in the same conditions. The isolates DFs185 and DFs306 reduced transmission of both pathogens, although the isolate DFs306 was the one wich gave the greatest growth increases. The evaluation of the in vitro antibiosis showed that isolates inhibited the mycelial growth of both pathogens, except DFs306. It is possible to affirm that these bacteria have the potential to be used as a seed treatment for seed-borne disease control.

scholarly journals POTENSI Bacillus spp. DARI RIZOSFER TANAMAN KEDELAI UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT REBAH KECAMBAH (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Poppy Oktania ◽  
Husda Marwan ◽  
Asniwita Asniwita
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Bacillus merupakan rizobakteri yang dapat menghambat patogen tanaman dengan mekanisme antagonis berupa antibiosis. Bacillus spp. dapat mengendaliakan penyakit rebah kecambah yang disebabkan oleh Sclerotium rolfsii pada tanaman kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri Bacillus spp. dari rizosfer tanaman kedelai untuk mengendalikan penyakit rebah kecambah pada tanaman kedelai. Pelaksanaan pengujian bakteri dilakukan secara in vitro dan in planta. Pengujian secara in planta menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 14 perlakuan terdiri atas 2 perlakuan kontrol (sehat dan sakit), 1 perlakuan menggunakan fungisida, dan 11 perakuan menggunakan isolat bakteri Bacillus spp. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan bakteri Bacillus spp. berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase rebah kecambah. Terdapat beberapa isolat mampu menekan penyakit rebah kecambah sebelum muncul kepermukaan tanah dan semua bakteri Bacillus spp. mampu menekan penyakit rebah kecambah setelah muncul kepermukaan tanah pada tanaman kedelai. Kata kunci : rizobakteri, Bacillus spp., penyakit rebah kecambah, Sclerotium rolfsii

scholarly journals Selection of bacteria and fungi for control of soilborne seedling diseases of maize

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Pfeiffer ◽  
Astrid von Galen ◽  
Petra Zink ◽  
Sebastian Hübner ◽  
Ada Linkies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Clonostachys Rosea ◽  
Screening Experiments ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPlant-based screening experiments were conducted with the aim of identifying biocontrol bacteria and fungi for seed treatment of maize. Candidate microorganisms were evaluated for their protective effects against soilborne infections by species of Fusarium, Globisporangium (syn. Pythium) and Rhizoctonia. The microorganisms tested were bacteria and fungi from maize roots or other sources, including some active microbial components of commercial biocontrol products. Due to the method of isolation chosen, the majority of bacteria from maize roots were spore formers, most of them species of the genera Bacillus,Brevibacillus and Paenibacillus. In pot tests with the potting substrate inoculated with F. culmorum, the level of control provided by seed treatment with the most efficacious bacterial and fungal isolates was comparable or close to the chemical reference seed treatment thiram. The most effective bacteria were species of Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Streptomyces. Among a subset of approx. 100 bacteria studied, the in vivo and in vitro activities against F.culmorum were only weakly correlated, although some strains deviated from this pattern. The most effective fungi were two strains of Clonostachys rosea and isolates of Trichoderma. The latter and a strain of Gliocladium virens provided also protection against R.solani. Activity against Globisporangium ultimum was recorded for one isolate of Trichoderma and the two strains of C. rosea. A reduction in the impact of seedborne F. culmorum was also observed after seed treatment with two strains of F. oxysporum f. sp. strigae. The results are discussed in relation to previous reports on rhizosphere bacteria of maize and their use in biocontrol of plant pathogens or for plant growth promotion.

scholarly journals Perlakuan Rizobakteri Pada Dua Varietas Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Terhadap Patogen Terbawa Benih dan Peranannya Dalam Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
Amelia Syahdani ◽  
Siti Hafsah ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstrak. Tomat merupakan salah satu produk hortikultura yang sangat banyak diminati di kalangan masyarakat karena dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bumbu masakan, pewarna makanan, kosmetik dan obat-obatan, namun tanaman ini sering diserang oleh organisme pengganggu tanaman khususnya penyakit. Perlakuan benih secara hayati (Biological Seed Treatment) menggunakan rizobakteri merupakan salah satu inovasi yang dikembangkan untuk pengendalian penyakit dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Program Studi Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Unsyiah. Penelitian dimulai sejak bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola non faktorial pada percobaan I terdiri dari 18 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga didapatkan masing-masing 54 satuan percobaan terhadap patogen Rhizoctonia solani dan 54 satuan percobaan terhadap patogen Sclerotium rolfsii sehingga didapatkan 108 total satuan percobaan. Pada perobaan II menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial terdiri dari 19 perlakuan rizobakteri dan 2 perlakuan varietas yang diulang sebanyak 2 kali Sehingga terdapat 38 kombinasi perlakuan yang terdiri dari 48 unit percobaan dengan 25 unit tanaman di setiap perlakuan. Hasil pengujian in vitro percobaan I dengan menggunakan metode uji kultur ganda dari 18 isolat rizobakteri terdapat lima isolat yang berpotensi sebagai agens biokontrol dengan memiliki daya hambat paling efektif yaitu HWI 4(1), HWI 5(1), HWI 5(4), HWI 8(6) dan BS3 4(5) terhadap Rhizoctonia solani namun memiliki daya hambat yang relatif rendah terhadap patogen Sclerotium rolfsii. Sedangkan pada Hasil penelitian percobaan II menunjukkan bahwa isolat yang efektif sebagai rizobakteri pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman (RPPT) terhadap proses perkecambahan benih tomat dalam meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor benih adalah isolat SRK 5(3) dan HWI 4(5). Pada parameter pertumbuhan bibit isolat SRK 5(5) dan HWI 5(4) cenderung menunjukkan pengaruh yang efektif dibandingkan perlakukan lainnya. Varietas Servo lebih baik dibandingkan varietas Lentana terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih. Treatment of Rizobakteri In Two Tomato Varieties (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) to pathogen carried seed and its role plant growth promotingAbstract. Tomato is one of the most popular horticultural products in the community because it can be used as food spices, food coloring, cosmetics and medicines, but this plant is often attacked by plant pest organisms, especially diseases. Biological Seed Treatment using rhizobacteria is one of the innovations developed for disease control and growth of plants. This research has been carried out in Agricultural Science and Technology Laboratory of Agrotechnology Majors Faculty of Agriculture Unsyiah. The study was conducted from May to August 2017. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) of non factorial pattern in experiment I consisted of 18 repeated treatments 3 times so that each of 54 experiments on pathogenic Rhizoctonia solani and 54 units of experiments Sclerotium rolfsii pathogens to obtain 108 total unit experiments. In the second experiment using Completely Randomized Design (RAL) the factorial pattern consisted of 19 rhizobacterial treatments and 2 repeated treatments of varieties 2 times. Thus there were 38 treatment combinations consisting of 48 experimental units with 25 plant units in each treatment. In vitro experimental results of experiment I using double culture test method from 18 rizobakteri isolates, there are five isolates that have potential as biocontrol agent with the most effective inhibition of HWI 4 (1), HWI 5 (1), HWI 5 (4), HWI 8 (6) and BS3 4 (5) to Rhizoctonia solani but have relatively low inhibitory resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii pathogens. While the results of the experimental study II showed that the effective isolates as plant growth rhizobacteria (RPPT) on the tomato seed germination process in increasing seed viability and vigor are isolates SRK 5 (3) and HWI 4 (5). In the growth parameters of seed isolates SRK 5 (5) and HWI 5 (4) tended to show an effective effect compared to other treatments. Servo variety is better than Lentana varieties on seed viability and vigor.

Kinetics of Various 99mTc-Sn-Pyrophosphate Compounds in the Rat

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schümichen ◽  
B. Mackenbrock ◽  
G. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Short Half Life ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
In Vitro Stability

SummaryThe bone-seeking 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate compound (compound A) was diluted both in vitro and in vivo and proved to be unstable both in vitro and in vivo. However, stability was much better in vivo than in vitro and thus the in vitro stability of compound A after dilution in various mediums could be followed up by a consecutive evaluation of the in vivo distribution in the rat. After dilution in neutral normal saline compound A is metastable and after a short half-life it is transformed into the other 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate compound A is metastable and after a short half-life in bone but in the kidneys. After dilution in normal saline of low pH and in buffering solutions the stability of compound A is increased. In human plasma compound A is relatively stable but not in plasma water. When compound B is formed in a buffering solution, uptake in the kidneys and excretion in urine is lowered and blood concentration increased.It is assumed that the association of protons to compound A will increase its stability at low concentrations while that to compound B will lead to a strong protein bond in plasma. It is concluded that compound A will not be stable in vivo because of a lack of stability in the extravascular space, and that the protein bond in plasma will be a measure of its in vivo stability.

In Vitro Effects of Ethanol on Rabbit Platelet Aggregation, Secretion of Granule Contents, and Cyclic AMP Levels in the Presence of Prostacyclin

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (02) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L Rand ◽  
Peter L Gross ◽  
Donna M Jakowec ◽  
Marian A Packham ◽  
J Fraser Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Rabbit Platelets ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets

SummaryEthanol, at physiologically tolerable concentrations, inhibits platelet responses to low concentrations of collagen or thrombin, but does not inhibit responses of washed rabbit platelets stimulated with high concentrations of ADP, collagen, or thrombin. However, when platelet responses to high concentrations of collagen or thrombin had been partially inhibited by prostacyclin (PGI2), ethanol had additional inhibitory effects on aggregation and secretion. These effects were also observed with aspirin- treated platelets stimulated with thrombin. Ethanol had no further inhibitory effect on aggregation of platelets stimulated with ADP, or the combination of ADP and epinephrine. Thus, the inhibitory effects of ethanol on platelet responses in the presence of PGI2 were very similar to its inhibitory effects in the absence of PGI2, when platelets were stimulated with lower concentrations of collagen or thrombin. Ethanol did not appear to exert its inhibitory effects by increasing cyclic AMP above basal levels and the additional inhibitory effects of ethanol in the presence of PGI2 did not appear to be brought about by further increases in platelet cyclic AMP levels.

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