scholarly journals Daya Hambat Minyak Serai Wangi (Andropogon nordus L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Koloni Patogen Terbawa Benih secara In Vitro dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Terung (Solanum melongena L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldina Cahaya ◽  
Hasanuddin Hasanuddin ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Citronella Oil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Oil Concentration

Abstrak. Penelitan tentang efektifitas minyak serai wangi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen terbawa benih secara in vitro dan pengaruhnya terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih terung dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Program Studi Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung pada bulan Juni sampai dengan Agustus 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis patogen dan konsentrasi minyak serai wangi serta interaksi antara jenis patogen dengan konsentrasi minyak serai wangi terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen terbawa benih secara in vitro.  Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minyak serai wangi yang efektif terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih terung secara in vivo. Percobaan I menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial terdiri atas dua faktor, faktor pertama yang diteliti terdiri dari 6 taraf konsentrasi minyak serai wangi, faktor kedua adalah 2 taraf jenis isolat patogen dengan 3 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 36 satuan percobaan. Percobaan II menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola non faktorial yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 20satuan unit percobaan. Hasil percobaan I menunjukkan bahwa Daya hambat pertumbuhan Rhizoctonia solani secara sempurna (100%) diperoleh dengan pemberian minyak serai wangi pada konsentrasi 0,08%. Sementara daya hambat 100% pada patogen Sclerotium rolfsii, diperoleh dengan pemberian minyak serai wangi pada konsentrasi 0,10%. Hasil percobaan II menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan benih dengan minyak serai wangi tidak memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih apabila konsentrasi yang digunakan dibawah 0,02% Effectiveness of In Vitro Inhibitory Effects of citronella oil (Andropogon nordus L.) on Controlling the growth of seed borne pathogens Colonies and the effect for viability and vigor of eegplant seed (Solanum melongena L).Abstract. The research of citronella oil effectivity on controlling the growth of seed borne pathogens under in vitro conditions and the effect for viability and vigor of eggplant seed.has been carried out in the laboratorium of seed, Departement of Agroteknologi, Agriculure Faculty, Syiah Kuala University was started from June until August  2017. The purpose of this study was to find out about the effect of pathoghen with citronella oil concentration and interact between pathogen with citronella oil concentration on controlling the growth of seed borne pathogens under in vitro conditions.The second purpose of this research was to find out about effectiveness of citronella oil to viability and vigor of eggplant seed under in vivo conditions. The first research used double randomize design method concisting with  two standards,the first was using  6 concentrations of citronella oil, seconf was two kinds of pathogens and repeated 3 times to obtain36 units of experiment. The second research used single randomized design method (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and repeated 5 times to obtain 20 units of experiment. The results of the first research showed that the solubility of Rhyzoctonia solani growth (100%) was obtained by administering citronella oil at a concentration of 0.08%. While 100% inhibitory in Sclerotium rolfsii pathogens, obtained by administration of citronella oil at a concentration of 0.10%. The results of experiment II showed that the seed treatment with citronella oil did not negatively affect the viability and vigor of the seeds when the concentration used was 0.02%

scholarly journals Perlakuan Rizobakteri Pada Dua Varietas Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Terhadap Patogen Terbawa Benih dan Peranannya Dalam Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
Amelia Syahdani ◽  
Siti Hafsah ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstrak. Tomat merupakan salah satu produk hortikultura yang sangat banyak diminati di kalangan masyarakat karena dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bumbu masakan, pewarna makanan, kosmetik dan obat-obatan, namun tanaman ini sering diserang oleh organisme pengganggu tanaman khususnya penyakit. Perlakuan benih secara hayati (Biological Seed Treatment) menggunakan rizobakteri merupakan salah satu inovasi yang dikembangkan untuk pengendalian penyakit dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Program Studi Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Unsyiah. Penelitian dimulai sejak bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola non faktorial pada percobaan I terdiri dari 18 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga didapatkan masing-masing 54 satuan percobaan terhadap patogen Rhizoctonia solani dan 54 satuan percobaan terhadap patogen Sclerotium rolfsii sehingga didapatkan 108 total satuan percobaan. Pada perobaan II menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial terdiri dari 19 perlakuan rizobakteri dan 2 perlakuan varietas yang diulang sebanyak 2 kali Sehingga terdapat 38 kombinasi perlakuan yang terdiri dari 48 unit percobaan dengan 25 unit tanaman di setiap perlakuan. Hasil pengujian in vitro percobaan I dengan menggunakan metode uji kultur ganda dari 18 isolat rizobakteri terdapat lima isolat yang berpotensi sebagai agens biokontrol dengan memiliki daya hambat paling efektif yaitu HWI 4(1), HWI 5(1), HWI 5(4), HWI 8(6) dan BS3 4(5) terhadap Rhizoctonia solani namun memiliki daya hambat yang relatif rendah terhadap patogen Sclerotium rolfsii. Sedangkan pada Hasil penelitian percobaan II menunjukkan bahwa isolat yang efektif sebagai rizobakteri pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman (RPPT) terhadap proses perkecambahan benih tomat dalam meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor benih adalah isolat SRK 5(3) dan HWI 4(5). Pada parameter pertumbuhan bibit isolat SRK 5(5) dan HWI 5(4) cenderung menunjukkan pengaruh yang efektif dibandingkan perlakukan lainnya. Varietas Servo lebih baik dibandingkan varietas Lentana terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih. Treatment of Rizobakteri In Two Tomato Varieties (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) to pathogen carried seed and its role plant growth promotingAbstract. Tomato is one of the most popular horticultural products in the community because it can be used as food spices, food coloring, cosmetics and medicines, but this plant is often attacked by plant pest organisms, especially diseases. Biological Seed Treatment using rhizobacteria is one of the innovations developed for disease control and growth of plants. This research has been carried out in Agricultural Science and Technology Laboratory of Agrotechnology Majors Faculty of Agriculture Unsyiah. The study was conducted from May to August 2017. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) of non factorial pattern in experiment I consisted of 18 repeated treatments 3 times so that each of 54 experiments on pathogenic Rhizoctonia solani and 54 units of experiments Sclerotium rolfsii pathogens to obtain 108 total unit experiments. In the second experiment using Completely Randomized Design (RAL) the factorial pattern consisted of 19 rhizobacterial treatments and 2 repeated treatments of varieties 2 times. Thus there were 38 treatment combinations consisting of 48 experimental units with 25 plant units in each treatment. In vitro experimental results of experiment I using double culture test method from 18 rizobakteri isolates, there are five isolates that have potential as biocontrol agent with the most effective inhibition of HWI 4 (1), HWI 5 (1), HWI 5 (4), HWI 8 (6) and BS3 4 (5) to Rhizoctonia solani but have relatively low inhibitory resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii pathogens. While the results of the experimental study II showed that the effective isolates as plant growth rhizobacteria (RPPT) on the tomato seed germination process in increasing seed viability and vigor are isolates SRK 5 (3) and HWI 4 (5). In the growth parameters of seed isolates SRK 5 (5) and HWI 5 (4) tended to show an effective effect compared to other treatments. Servo variety is better than Lentana varieties on seed viability and vigor.

Inhibitory effects of epimedium herb water extract on the inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
YC Oh ◽  
YH Jeong ◽  
WK Cho ◽  
SJ Lee ◽  
JY Ma
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effects

The Effects of Brinolase (Fibrinolytic Enzyme from Aspergillus Oryzae) on Platelet Aggregation of Dog and Man

1972 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 031-048 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. E Roschlau ◽  
R Gage
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Fibrinolytic Enzyme ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Blood Platelet Aggregation

SummaryInhibition of blood platelet aggregation by brinolase (fibrinolytic enzyme from Aspergillus oryzae) has been demonstrated with human platelets in vitro and with dog platelets in vivo and in vitro, using both ADP and collagen as aggregating stimuli. It is suggested that the optimal inhibitory effects of brinolase occur indirectly through the generation of plasma fibrinogen degradation products, without compromising platelet viability, rather than by direct proteolysis of platelet structures.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effects of a Reengineered Anthrax Toxin on Canine Oral Mucosal Melanomas

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Tomoko Nishiya ◽  
Marcia Kazumi Nagamine ◽  
Ivone Izabel Mackowiak da Fonseca ◽  
Andrea Caringi Miraldo ◽  
Nayra Villar Scattone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Anthrax Toxin ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Upa Receptor ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Oral Malignancy

Canine oral mucosal melanomas (OMM) are the most common oral malignancy in dogs and few treatments are available. Thus, new treatment modalities are needed for this disease. Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) toxin has been reengineered to target tumor cells that express urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and metalloproteinases (MMP-2), and has shown antineoplastic effects both, in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a reengineered anthrax toxin on canine OMM. Five dogs bearing OMM without lung metastasis were included in the clinical study. Tumor tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry for expression of uPA, uPA receptor, MMP-2, MT1-MMP and TIMP-2. Animals received either three or six intratumoral injections of the reengineered anthrax toxin prior to surgical tumor excision. OMM samples from the five dogs were positive for all antibodies. After intratumoral treatment, all dogs showed stable disease according to the canine Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (cRECIST), and tumors had decreased bleeding. Histopathology has shown necrosis of tumor cells and blood vessel walls after treatment. No significant systemic side effects were noted. In conclusion, the reengineered anthrax toxin exerted inhibitory effects when administered intratumorally, and systemic administration of this toxin is a promising therapy for canine OMM.

scholarly journals Trichostatin A downregulates bromodomain and extra-terminal proteins to suppress osimertinib resistant non-small cell lung carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Meng ◽  
Xixi Qian ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Shengjie Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichostatin A ◽  
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Terminal Proteins ◽  
P Cells

Abstract Background The third-generation epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have shown significant therapeutic effects on patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) who carry active EGFR mutations, as well as those who have developed acquired resistance to the first-generation of EGFR-TKIs due to the T790M mutation. However, most patients develop drug resistance after 8–10 months of treatment. Currently, the mechanism has not been well clarified, and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Methods Osimertinib resistant cell lines were established by culturing sensitive cells in chronically increasing doses of osimertinib. The anticancer effect of reagents was examined both in vitro and in vivo using the sulforhodamine B assay and a xenograft mouse model. The molecular signals were detected by western blotting. The combination effect was analyzed using CompuSyn software. Results We found that bromodomain and extra-terminal proteins (BETs) were upregulated in osimertinib resistant (H1975-OR) cells compared with those in the paired parental cells (H1975-P), and that knockdown of BETs significantly inhibited the growth of H1975-OR cells. The BET inhibitor JQ1 also exhibited stronger growth-inhibitory effects on H1975-OR cells and a greater expression of BETs and the downstream effector c-Myc than were observed in H1975-P cells. The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) showed stronger growth suppression in H1975-OR cells than in H1975-P cells, but vorinostat, another HDAC inhibitor, showed equal inhibitory efficacy in both cell types. Consistently, downregulation of BET and c-Myc expression was greater with TSA than with vorinostat. TSA restrained the growth of H1975-OR and H1975-P xenograft tumors. The combination of TSA and JQ1 showed synergistic growth-inhibitory effects in parallel with decreased BET and c-Myc expression in both H1975-OR and H1975-P cells and in xenograft nude mouse models. BETs were not upregulated in osimertinib resistant HCC827 cells compared with parental cells, while TSA and vorinostat exhibited equal inhibitory effects on both cell types. Conclusion Upregulation of BETs contributed to the osimertinib resistance of H1975 cells. TSA downregulated BET expression and enhanced the growth inhibitory effect of JQ1 both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings provided new strategies for the treatment of osimertinib resistance.

scholarly journals Seed treatment for management of Meloidogyne javanica in soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriely Alves de Almeida ◽  
Vinicius Hicaro Frederico Abe ◽  
Ricardo Marcelo Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Isabel Balbi-Peña ◽  
Débora Cristina Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Soybean Plants

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the active ingredient abamectin, either in isolation or in combination with fungicides and insecticides formulated for the industrial seed treatment, on the population of Meloidogyne javanica, tested under greenhouse and in vitro conditions. In both tests, the combination of the following treatments was assessed: abamectin; thiamethoxam; fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. Water was used as control for the in vitro assay, whereas under greenhouse conditions, controls were inoculated and not inoculated with M. javanica. The tests were conducted in a completely randomized design with six (in vitro) and ten (greenhouse) replicates. For in vitro studies the effect on hatching, motility, and mortality of juveniles of M. javanica was evaluated. Under greenhouse conditions, the soybean ‘BRS 133’ seeds were treated, and at 15, 30, and 60 days after inoculation (DAI) with M. javanica, plant measurements were recorded. The penetration of second stage juveniles (J2) was also evaluated at 15 DAI. At 30 DAI, galls, egg masses, nematodes/g of root, and final population were evaluated. At 60 DAI, the final population of nematodes in the roots was quantified. The treatments containing abamectin were the most effective in diminishing the hatching of juveniles. All treatments had an effect on nematode motility when compared to the control, and in the treatment containing only abamectin, total juvenile mortality was observed. In greenhouse conditions, at 15 DAI, the treated soybean plants had the highest root mass and shoot length, differing statistically from the inoculated control. All treatments reduced the number of nematodes per gram of root, differing from the control. At 30 DAI, treatment efficiency was observed in reducing the final population of M. javanica, particularly the treatments using abamectin, and abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. However, at 60 DAI, the effect of the treatments on the population of M. javanica did not persist.

In Vitro and in Vivo Nuclear Factor-κB Inhibitory Effects of the Cell-Penetrating Penetratin Peptide

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 2027-2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Letoha ◽  
Erzsébet Kusz ◽  
Gábor Pápai ◽  
Annamária Szabolcs ◽  
József Kaszaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Cell Penetrating

Endophytic Bacteria of Cotton and Sweet Corn for Providing Growth Promotion and Biological Disease Control

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Kloepper ◽  
Ilan Chet
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Chitinolytic Enzymes ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Biological Control Potential

Endophytes were isolated from 16.7% of surface-disinfested seeds and 100% of stems and roots of field-growth plants. Strains from Israel with broad-spectrum in vitro antibiosis were mainly Bacillus spp., and some were chitinolytic. Following dipping of cut cotton roots into suspensions of these strains, endophytes were detected up to 72 days later by isolation and by autoradiograms of 14C-labelled bacteria. Selected endophytes exhibited biological control potential based on significant reductions in disease severity on cotton inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani or Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum as well as control of Sclerotium rolfsii on bean. Neither salicylic acid nor chitinase levels increased in plants as a result of endophytic colonization, suggesting that the observed biocontrol was not accounted for by PR protein production. Some biocontrol endophytes secreted chitinolytic enzymes. Model endophytic strains inoculated into cotton stems via stem injection showed only limited movement within the stem. When introduced into stems at low concentrations, endophytes increased in population density at the injection site. After examining several experimental and semi-practical inoculation systems, seed treatment was selected as an efficient way to reintroduce most endophytes into plants.

Identification of the immunophilins capable of mediating inhibition of signal transduction by cyclosporin A and FK506: roles of calcineurin binding and cellular location

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4760-4769
Author(s):  
R J Bram ◽  
D T Hung ◽  
P K Martin ◽  
S L Schreiber ◽  
G R Crabtree
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Cyclophilin B ◽  
Intracellular Vesicles

The immunosuppressants cyclosporin A (CsA) and FK506 appear to block T-cell function by inhibiting the calcium-regulated phosphatase calcineurin. While multiple distinct intracellular receptors for these drugs (cyclophilins and FKBPs, collectively immunophilins) have been characterized, the functionally active ones have not been discerned. We found that overexpression of cyclophilin A or B or FKBP12 increased T-cell sensitivity to CsA or FK506, respectively, demonstrating that they are able to mediate the inhibitory effects of their respective immunosuppressants in vivo. In contrast, cyclophilin C, FKBP13, and FKBP25 had no effect. Direct comparison of the Ki of each drug-immunophilin complex for calcineurin in vitro revealed that although calcineurin binding was clearly necessary, it was not sufficient to explain the in vivo activity of the immunophilin. Subcellular localization was shown also to play a role, since gene deletions of cyclophilins B and C which changed their intracellular locations altered their activities significantly. Cyclophilin B has been shown previously to be located within calcium-containing intracellular vesicles; its ability to mediate CsA inhibition implies that certain components of the signal transduction machinery are also spatially restricted within the cell.

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