Pathogenicity of Two Nematodes Tetramerese sp. and Microtetramerese Spiralis in Proventriculus of Some Aquatic Birds from Al-Sanaf Marshes in Thi-Qar Province, South of Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Nycticorax Nycticorax ◽  
Anas Clypeata ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
South Of Iraq

The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and mean of intensity of two nematodes Tetramerese sp. and Microtetrameresespiralis isolated from some of aquatic birds collected from Al-Sanaf marshes, Thi-Qar province.The pathological effects of these parasites on the tissues of the infected aquatic birds were recorded.TheTetramerese sp. females were embedded in glands of proventriculus of the some aquatic birds including: Ardea ralloides, Egretta garazeta, Nycticorax nycticorax, Himantopus himantopus, Larus genei, Bubulicus ibis, Aredea purpurea and Anas clypeata with prevalence 12.57% and mean of intensity 3.00, while the Microtetrameresespiralis embedded in gastric glands of proventriculus of Bubulicusibis with prevalence 10% and mean of intensity 25.00.Histopathological examination of infected tissues showed dilation of the proventericular gland lumen, atrophy, necrosis and degeneration of the glandular cells of proventriculus

Avian schistosomes in French aquatic birds: a molecular approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jouet ◽  
H. Ferté ◽  
C. Hologne ◽  
M.L. Kaltenbach ◽  
J. Depaquit
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Anser Anser ◽  
Anas Crecca ◽  
Cygnus Olor ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Anas Clypeata ◽  
Grus Grus ◽  
Second Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe prevalence of human cercarial dermatitis (HCD) caused by bird schistosomes appears to be increasing in France, in light of the impact of tourism combined with high densities of wild aquatic hosts in freshwater areas. The present work expands our knowledge of schistosome systematics by including samples of bird schistosomes collected from their natural hosts in France. Heads (318) and viscera (81) of aquatic birds belonging to 16 species from five orders, collecting during the hunting seasons or found dead, were autopsied for nasal and visceral schistosomes. Eggs and/or adults were analysed by molecular methods using the D2 domain and the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) region of rDNA to determine species. Even if nasal eggs were polymorphic according to the host, all haplotypes were similar to that of Trichobilharzia regenti. Marked diversity of visceral species was observed. Final hosts under natural conditions were reported. For the first time, Trichobilharzia franki is reported in its natural bird hosts, Anas platyrhynchos, Anas crecca, Aythya fuligula and Cygnus olor. We also identified T. szidati in A. crecca and Anas clypeata. Bilharziella polonica was found in six species of aquatic birds, including Grus grus. This finding is the first record of bird schistosomes in this aquatic bird. Three new taxa of visceral schistosomes in Anser anser are strongly suspected according to their haplotypes. Futhermore, a new haplotype of visceral schistosomes isolated in Cygnus olor and similar to Allobilharzia visceralis was identified.

scholarly journals Pathology and morphometry of Hystrichis acanthocephalicus (Nematoda) from Phimosus infuscatus (Pelecaniformes) in southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Scheer ◽  
Márcia Raquel Pegoraro Macedo ◽  
Mauro Pereira Soares ◽  
Camila Costa Schramm ◽  
Gertrud Muller
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Few Data

Abstract Species of Hystrichis are parasite nematodes of the digestive tract of aquatic birds in South America, Europe and Asia. In Brazil, Hystrichis acanthocephalicus has been reported in Phimosus infuscatus. There are few data on the morphometry of this species and there are no reports on pathological conditions that it causes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to report morphometric data from H. acanthocephalicus and describe the pathological effects of this parasite on the Phimosus infuscatus proventriculus. Thirty gastrointestinal tracts of P. infuscatus were examined to search for nematodes and H. acanthocephalicus occurred in 83% of hosts. Were measured the total length and body width of males and females, and of their respective cuticular spines, esophagus, spicules and eggs, and the internal and external diameter of copulatory bursa. Histopathological examination revealed parasitic structures in the proventriculus from the lumen (anterior end) to the outer layers of the organ (intermediate and posterior parts), in which we observed inflammatory reaction with infiltration of heterophils, hemorrhage and hemosiderin. The results of this study of histopathology, morphometry and parasitological indices are the first ones reported to H. acanthocephalicus and should contribute to the identification and recognition in cases of outbreaks in the Neotropical region.

scholarly journals Assessment of Expression of Homeobox A5 in Endometrial Cancer on the mRNA and Protein Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 635-641
Author(s):  
Konrad Dziobek ◽  
Marcin Oplawski ◽  
Nikola Zmarzły ◽  
Beniamin O. Gabarek ◽  
Robert Kiełbasiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
The Developed Countries

Background: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancer in the developed countries and occurs mainly in postmenopausal women. Angiogenesis is important for cancer formation as it provides nutrients for growing tumor mass. Most tumors do not show detectable Homeobox A5 (HOXA5 level), suggesting its potential role as a cancer suppressor. It was demonstrated that HOXA5 is involved in the progression of various types of cancer and the loss of its expression correlates with higher pathological grade and poorer outcome. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate HOXA5 expression at transcriptome and protein levels. Material and methods: The study enrolled 45 women diagnosed with endometrial cancer and 15 without neoplastic changes. The histopathological examination allowed us to divide cancer tissue samples according to the degree of histological differentiation: G1, 17; G2, 15; G3, 13. The expression of the HOXA5 protein was determined by immunohistochemistry. Microarray and RT-qPCR techniques were used to assess HOXA5 expression at the mRNA level. Results: The reaction to the HOXA5 protein was only visible in glandular cells in G1 endometrial cancer and was lower compared to the control. In grades 2 and 3, reactions were noted at the limit of the method’s sensitivity. In addition, reduced HOXA5 expression was observed at the transcriptome level. Conclusion: HOXA5 may become a potential complementary molecular marker, allowing early detection of neoplastic changes in the endometrium. It also seems that detection of HOXA5 at the mRNA and protein levels may be helpful in improving the accuracy of diagnosis and planning effective oncological therapy.

Identification of the cells expressing cot proto-oncogene mRNA

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
R. Ohara ◽  
S. Hirota ◽  
H. Onoue ◽  
S. Nomura ◽  
Y. Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Gastric Adenocarcinomas ◽  
Mouse Tissues ◽  
Glandular Cells

The cell types expressing cot proto-oncogene mRNA were identified by in situ hybridization (ISH) histochemistry. Among a variety of adult mouse tissues examined, four types of glandular cells expressing cot gene were identified: (1) granular duct cells in the submandibular and sublingual glands; (2) serous cells in the parotid gland; (3) peptic (chief) cells in gastric glands; and (4) goblet cells in colonic glands. Investigation of the developmentally regulated expression of cot mRNA using tissues of 14-day and 18-day embryos, newborn and weanling mice showed that cot gene is expressed only in morphologically differentiated and functionally activated cells of these four types. No other types of cells showing ISH signals were observed. Based on these results, cot gene expressions in cultured cells of colonic adenocarcinomas and gastric adenocarcinomas were examined. SW 480 and WiDr cells showed high expression of this gene and so should be useful for functional analysis of Cot kinase. The expression patterns of cot gene in tumor tissues of the parotid gland, and gastric and colonic glands were investigated. Two of the tissues overexpressed this gene markedly, suggesting that overproduction of Cot kinase may be one cause of their transformation.

scholarly journals A surgically treated case of severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage with gastritis cystica polyposa

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Yoshikawa ◽  
Hiroki Kinoshita ◽  
Naoki Nishimura ◽  
Rieko Takai ◽  
Takuya Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Endoscopic Hemostasis ◽  
Resected Specimen ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Billroth Ii Reconstruction ◽  
Severe Hemorrhage ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract Background Gastritis cystica polyposa (GCP) is a recently recognized entity histologically characterized by hyperplasia and cystic dilatation of the gastric glands spreading through the submucosal layer. Its symptoms include those affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as upper abdominal pain, nausea, and anorexia, although some patients might be asymptomatic. GCP rarely causes severe hemorrhage. Recently, we encountered a GCP case that exhibited severe hemorrhage. Case presentation A 53 year-old man visited the emergency department complaining of hematemesis. He underwent distal gastrectomy and Billroth II reconstruction for duodenal ulcers 32 years ago. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy detected bleeding from the reddened mucosa at the anastomosis; thus, tentative endoscopic hemostasis was conducted. Despite medical treatment with transfusion, melena with significant hemodynamic impairment persisted. He was treated again with endoscopic hemostasis and interventional radiology (IVR) but remained unresponsive to these procedures. He eventually underwent partial resection of the anastomosis site with Roux-en-Y reconstruction and finally achieved excellent postoperative recovery. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen suggested a GCP bleeding. Conclusions GCP can indeed cause severe hemorrhage. Hemorrhage caused by GCP may not respond to endoscopic hemostasis or IVR; therefore, surgical treatment should be decided without delay.

scholarly journals Specimens of Aquatic Bird Deposited at Mosul Natural History Museum, Mosul, Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Zohair I. F. Rahemo ◽  
Owayes M. Al-Hassani ◽  
Senan K. Abood
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
Aquatic Bird ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Ciconia Ciconia ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Nycticorax Nycticorax ◽  
Anas Crecca ◽  
Egretta Garzetta

There are (11) aquatic Birds specimens deposited at Mosul natural history Museum, these belong to five orders namely: order Ciconiiformes, Phoenicopteriformes, Pelecaniformes, Anseriformes and Caradiformes. Ciconiformes include Ardea purpurea, Egretta garzetta, Ciconia ciconia, Nycticorax nycticorax, Ixobrychus minitus. Order Phoenicopteriformes include Phoenicopterus aguorum, order Pelecaniformes include Pelecanus onocrotalus, order Anseriformes include Anas crecca and Anas platyrhynchos, Casarca ferruguinea and order Charadriiformes include ,Larus canus.

scholarly journals Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) congener concentrations in aquatic birds. Case study: Ilha Grande Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1379-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALDO PACHECO FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Nycticorax Nycticorax ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Egretta Thula ◽  
Test For Normality

Livers from 108 birds found prostrate or dead in Ilha Grande Bay between 2005 and 2010 were analyzed for 16 PCB congeners (IUPAC numbers 8, 18, 28, 31, 52, 77, 101, 118, 126, 128, 138, 149, 153, 169, 170, and 180). The species analyzed were Egretta caerulea (Linnaeus 1758), Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus 1758), Egretta thula (Molina 1782), and Ardea cocoi (Linnaeus 1766). The analysis were performed using Origin software (7.5, 2004) with a significant level of p<0.05. Data were checked for adherence to the standard assumptions of parametric tests using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality and the Levene's test for homogeneity of variances. This has revealed differences in concentration for some congeners. Results indicate relatively low PCBs contamination in aquatic birds, but it is implied the close relationship of environmental contamination, showing potential power of widespread biological and mutagenic adverse effects in trophic levels, and therefore, signalling risk to human health.

scholarly journals Toxicological effects of raw jack beans, bambara groundnuts and benne seeds on organs of cockerel

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
AM Akanji ◽  
OE Fasina ◽  
AM Ogungbesan
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
Cervical Dislocation

The study was carried out to determine and compare the toxicological effects  of  raw jack  beans (RJB), bambara groundnuts (RBG) and benne seeds (RBS) on organs of cockerels (Goldmine strain).Full fat soya was replaced with RJB, RBG and RBS at 25% and 50% levels, respectively. One hundred and forty (140) cockerels were randomly distributed into seven dietary groups in an eight week feeding trial. Antinutritional factors such as canavanine, haemagglutinin, trypsin inhibitor, tannin and phytate contents were analyzed in the plant seeds. At  the end of eighth week, the birds were killed by cervical dislocation while  the internal organs were quickly dissected out. The liver, kidney, pancreas and testis were thereafter preserved in 10% formalin solution. The tissues of the organs were trimmed, fixed in Bouin’s fixative for 24h, embedded in wax, sectioned at 6µm with microtome and finally stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histopathological examination. The livers of the birds fed 25% RJB and 50% RJB showed extensive multifocal and lymphocytic infiltration with necrosis of hepatocytes. Moreover, the pancreas of birds fed  RBG and RJB based diets  showed  necrosis of glandular cells, lymphoid aggregates, thickening of the supporting stroma and multifocal interstitial lymphocytic infiltration. In the testes of birds fed 25% RJB and 50% RJB, there was extensive degeneration of the seminiferous tubular  epithelia cells with widespread  interstitial lymphocytic  infiltrations of the stroma. The liver, pancreas, kidney and testes of birds fed RBS showed moderate lesions. It is concluded in this study that RJB showed more toxicity than RBG and RBS  with respect to lesions in the organs, thus depicting a severe negative effect when fed  to cockerels. There is therefore the need to detoxify the raw  plant  seeds with a view to enhancing their  nutritive value in diets of  cockerels.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (2): 18-23

scholarly journals Histogenesis of developing human fetal stomach

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3043
Author(s):  
Rafika Munawara ◽  
Kanchan Kapoor ◽  
Mahesh K. Sharma ◽  
Poonam Goel ◽  
Poonam Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Gastric Gland ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Glandular Cells

Background: Human stomach is a highly specialised organ with distinct types of glands and microscopic features for its physiological activity. This study aimed to assess the chronological order in the development of different layers and the cyto-differentiation of various glandular cells in 50 fetuses from 12 weeks of gestation till term.Methods: Tissue was taken from cardiac, body and pylorus to investigate with light and confocal microscopy.Results: The gastric gland formation began as an indentation of the surface epithelium, gastric pit and simultaneous development of glandular buds in the mucosa. The pyloric glands preceded the development of cardiac and gastric glands showing retro cranial sequence of development. In contrast, the muscularis externa showed the classical craniocaudal model of development with oblique layer in the cardiac region by 14 weeks and body region by 16 weeks of gestation. The parietal cells were well developed by 12 weeks and the chief cells by 16 weeks with prominent secretory granules. In addition, the pyloric sphincter was a clearly defined anatomical sphincter developed by whorling of the inner circular layer at the pyloric end of the stomach evident from 12 weeks of gestation.Conclusions: The results showed that the significant cellular morphogenesis occurred between 12-20 weeks of gestation. This aggregated data will serve as a catalyst in the understanding intricacy of embryogenesis, pathogenesis tracing of congenital anomalies and invention of new drugs.

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