La medicalizzazione della bruttezza

2009 ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Rossella Ghigi
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Patient Interactions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Physician Patient

- The history of Western scientific and philosophical thought with regard to the human body is marked by a fascination for establishing the parameters of an ideal body shape. During the nineteenth century physiognomy and cosmetic surgery both took inspiration from the illusion of perfect geometrization of the body and its parameterization. The legitimation of cosmetic surgery, in particular, was based on the medicalization of deviations from ideal forms (normal and normative at the same time) of the body, producing the body as an object operable in potentia. This still occurs today particularly in physician-patient interactions and in media discourse. Through an analysis of cosmetic surgery texts (produced respectively by the most important Italian society for plastic surgery, a clinic and a handbook of cosmetic plastic surgery for surgeons) repertoires reading physical appearance through the lenses of normality and pathology are investigated. Based on a qualitative survey of plastic surgeons, the inertia encountered by the process of medicalization of ugliness in everyday practice is discussed.Keywords: cosmetic surgery, medicalization, social costruction of the body, ugliness, normalizationParole chiave: chirurgia estetica, medicalizzazione, costruzione sociale del corpo, bruttezza, normalizzazione

The Medicalization of Ugliness

2009 ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Rossella Ghigi
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Patient Interactions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Physician Patient

- The history of Western scientific and philosophical thought with regard to the human body is marked by a fascination for establishing the parameters of an ideal body shape. During the nineteenth century physiognomy and cosmetic surgery both took inspiration from the illusion of perfect geometrization of the body and its parameterization. The legitimation of cosmetic surgery, in particular, was based on the medicalization of deviations from ideal forms (normal and normative at the same time) of the body, producing the body as an object operable in potentia. This still occurs today particularly in physician-patient interactions and in media discourse. Through an analysis of cosmetic surgery texts (produced respectively by the most important Italian society for plastic surgery, a clinic and a handbook of cosmetic plastic surgery for surgeons) repertoires reading physical appearance through the lenses of normality and pathology are investigated. Based on a qualitative survey of plastic surgeons, the inertia encountered by the process of medicalization of ugliness in everyday practice is discussed.Keywords: cosmetic surgery, medicalization, social costruction of the body, ugliness, normalizationParole chiave: chirurgia estetica, medicalizzazione, costruzione sociale del corpo, bruttezza, normalizzazione

scholarly journals Actual, social and ideal body image in Mexican adolescents and their relation with body dissatisfaction: gender differences (Imagen corporal actual, social e ideal y su relación con el descontento corporal en adolescentes mexicanos: diferencias por género

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Armando Cocca ◽  
José René Blanco Ornelas ◽  
Jesús Enrique Peinado Pérez ◽  
Jesús Viciana Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Images ◽  
School Students ◽  
Social Body ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Ideal Body

The purpose of the present study was to compare the perception of current (CBI), ideal (IBI), social body images (SBI), and body dissatisfaction (BD) by gender in Mexican primary and secondary school students. A total sample of 1,146 participants (550 girls and 596 boys) aged 11-16 participated in the study. All participants completed the Mexican computerized adaptation of the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. Results of one-way multivariate analysis of variance, followed by one-way univariate analyses of variance, showed that girls (ABI = 4.26; IBI = 3.53; SBI = 4.28; BD = 0.89) expressed a greater discrepancy between ideal and actual body shape, as well as lower scores of ideal body shape than boys (ABI = 4.28; IBI = 3.93; SBI = 4.31; BD = 0.61). However, no statistical differences were found between boys and girls in actual and social body shape. Although current and social body images are perceived in a similar way by adolescents in our sample regardless of gender, yet girls seem to be more responsive to social and environmental pressures related with body stereotype, this being reflected by a higher dissatisfaction and a thinner idealization of the body. Our findings suggest that we need to focus our attention on girls, especially in a phase of changes such as puberty, if we aim to design any intervention that could positively impact youth’s health through a proper body image.Resumen. El propósito de este estudio fue de comparar por género la percepción de la imagen corporal actual (CBI), ideal (IBI) y social (SBI), así como el descontento con el propio cuerpo (BD), en una muestra de estudiantes mexicanos de escuelas primarias y secundarias. Se seleccionó una muestra de 1.146 participantes (550 niñas y 596 niños) de entre 11 y 16 años de edad, que completaron la adaptación mexicana de la Contour Drawing Rating Scale. Los resultados de los análisis multivariados y univariados demuestran que las niñas (ABI = 4.26; IBI = 3.53; SBI = 4.28; BD = 0.89) sufren un mayor descontento corporal que los niños (ABI = 4.28; IBI = 3.93; SBI = 4.31; BD = 0.61), así como consideran que el cuerpo ideal sea mucho más delgado. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre niños y niñas en la imagen corporal real y social. Aunque los adolescentes perciban de una manera similar su cuerpo independientemente del género, las niñas son más receptivas en lo que refiere a las presiones sociales del estereotipo corporal, reflejándose esto en un mayor descontento y en un ideal excesivamente magro de su cuerpo. Nuestros resultados sugieren la necesidad de enfocar la atención en las niñas, especialmente durante la pubertad, de cara a implementar intervenciones apropiadas que tengan un impacto real sobre la salud de los jóvenes a través de la construcción de una apropiada imagen corporal.

scholarly journals Men, appearance, and cosmetic surgery: The role of confidence, self-esteem, and comfort with the body

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Ricciardelli ◽  
Kimberley Ann Clow
Keyword(s):  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sociology Of The Body ◽  
Lower Confidence

Recent research has suggested that perceptions of the body are important to men’s sense of confidence and that men see the body as a vehicle for personal improvement. To build on this research, an online survey investigated Canadian men’s perspectives on their appearance and their attitudes toward cosmetic surgery. Low self-esteem, lack of confidence, and comfort with one’s body uniquely predicted different aspects of men’s experiences, including attitudes about body shape, perceptions of others, pressures to lose weight, and perspectives regarding cosmetic surgery. For example, participants who were more comfortable with their bodies and higher in self-esteem were happier with their current body shape and features, whereas participants who were less comfortable with their bodies and lower in confidence put more pressure on themselves to lose weight. In addition, lower confidence significantly predicted willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery. Men’s perspectives on cosmetic surgery were thematically analyzed. These findings are situated within identity theory and sociology of the body.

A Brief History of Body Shape

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-46
Author(s):  
Nathan Denton
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Winning Strategies ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Over Time

Like the vast numbers of other organisms that roam, or have roamed, the earth, the modern human represents a finely honed tool—one forged through millennia as it struggled to survive and thrive in more or less unaccommodating environments. Displaying the battle scars and winning strategies of its brutal, but ultimately triumphant battle against the elements, our bodies hold vast amounts of encrypted information that describe our biological lineage. In addition to the countless mechanisms that have evolved to support our existence, however, the human body is somewhat unique in that it exhibits striking permanent physiological differences that identify and define the sexes. The biology that arises from, and the social meanings attributed to, these physical features penetrate deep into the heart of what it means to be human, as well as a man or a woman. Before delving into the biology of fat, we must first therefore consider the history of body shape. This chapter begins by discussing several explanations for why the modern human body might have evolved the shape it has, and why the body differs between the sexes. Building from this foundation, it examines how societal attitudes toward body shape are ascribed and their shift over time.

The Ethics of Seeking Body Perfection, with Continual Reference to Heidi Montag

2014 ◽  
pp. 67-95
Author(s):  
Brett Lunceford
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual

In an increasingly visual society, beauty may seem only skin deep. This chapter considers the ethics of cosmetic surgery through the lens of posthumanism, a stance that suggests that defects of the body can be overcome through technology. Cosmetic surgery, with its reliance on prostheses and promise of reshaping the body, is, at its heart, a posthuman enterprise. Although many have engaged in cosmetic surgery, actress Heidi Montag became an exemplar of reshaping the body by undergoing ten different plastic surgery procedures in one day. Using Montag as foil, this chapter examines four ethical dimensions of cosmetic surgery: the ethics of the medical professionals who perform and advertise these procedures, the ethics of the individual making the decision, the ethics of the media structures that promote a homogenous ideal of beauty, and the ethics of those who tacitly approve of such procedures.

scholarly journals Ethical Issues in Cosmetic Surgery for Women: Self-Actualization or Manipulation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Nurulfatmi Amzy
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
The Body ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Actualization

The technology of plastic surgery has been beneficial to mankind around the world. Plastic surgery can help people to retain and regain the function on some part of the body that was damaged. However, plastic surgery came with a handful of ethical issues. With the ability to alter one’s own body, many women sought to use this technology to beautify themselves. This part of technology then later was named as cosmetic surgery. By the reasoning of self-autonomy and free will, a person can easily alter their own physique according to their own will. This paper aimed to analyze this phenomenon based on philosophical thoughts regarding aesthetic purpose where it argued that beauty is a construction of media and society, not a construction that came from within one’s self. This paper argued that cosmetic surgery technology preyed upon women and instead of firming the position of self-autonomy and free will; it degrades women as a human of free will. The over-application of technology will only objectify women and it poses a danger as it can be used as a tool to satisfy certain interests

scholarly journals Correlation Between Body Image and Sleep Quality in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure in the Sari City, North of Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-52
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Goudarzian ◽  
Sima Beik ◽  
Fatemeh Zamani ◽  
Alimorad Heidari Gorji ◽  
Mansour Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
History Of

Background: The present study was conducted aimed to determine the relationship between body shape and sleep quality in patients with congestive heart failure.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-correlation study which was conducted in 2015, 290 patients with congestive heart failure were recruited using the simple random sampling method. Data were collected through the demographic information form (including age, sex, marital status, economic level and education), medical (age, sex, adequacy of economic level, education, history of hypertension and drug use, family history of heart disease and depression in the family, activity and history of special disease), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). SPSS 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) were utilized for data analysis with descriptive and inferential statistics tests (Generalized Linear models with bonferroni correction).Results: Based on results only 48 patients with 4.31 (SD: 0.94; 95%CI: 4.03-4.58) mean score of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index  had a good levels of sleep quality. The mean score of the Body Shape Questionnaire of patients were 122.47 (SD: 19.157; 95%CI: 12.25-124.68).Conclusion: According to the present study, the sleep quality and body shape of the patients with CHF from their body were weak. It is therefore necessary to do something in order to remove the backgrounds of sleep disorders in these patients as well as the need to more detailed investigation to determine the exact relationship of these two variables.

scholarly journals PENYESUAIAN POLA DASAR BUSANA SISTEM INDONESIA UNTUK WANITA INDONESIA DENGAN BENTUK BADAN GEMUK

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Nurul Hidayah ◽  
Yasnidawati Yasnidawati
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Basic Pattern ◽  
Women's Clothing ◽  
Special Pattern ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Body Shapes

Abstrak Pembuatan pola busana merupakan salah satu proses terpenting dalam pembuatan suatu busana, karena pola merupakan jiplakan bentuk badan yang digambar sesuai dengan ukuran badan seseorang yang diukur secara cermat dan tepat. Pola  busana wanita dengan bentuk tubuh gemuk memerlukan sistem pola khusus dibandingkan dengan wanita dengan bentuk tubuh ideal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kelemahan, cara memperbaiki, kesesuaian pola dasar sistem Indonesia untuk wanita Indonesia dengan bentuk tubuh gemuk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terapan, objek penelitiannya yaitu pola dasar sistem indonesia yang di fitting sebanyak tiga kali pada wanita dewasa dengan bentuk tubuh gemuk, dengan tiga panelis yaitu dosen yang ahli dibidang pembuatan pola. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menyebarkan instrumen penelitian yang disusun berdasarkan kuesioner atau angket berupa skala likers, sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu, modus, median dan persentase untuk menetukan kecenderungan terbanyak dalam penilaian kesesuaian pola dasar sistem Indonesia pada wanita dengan bentuk tubuh gemuk. Hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa pola dasar sistem Indonesia terdapat kelemahan dengan persentase 71% dan diklasifikasikan dengan kategori sesuai. Perbaikan dengan persentase 95% dengan klasifikasi sangat sesuai. Secara keseluruhan pola dasar sistem Indonesia setelah dilakukan penyesuaian diperoleh persentase 95% dan diklasifikasikan dengan kategori sangat sesuai untuk wanita dengan bentuk tubuh gemuk.Kata Kunci : pola Indonesia,wanita, gemukAbstact Making fashion patterns is one of the most important processes in making clothes, because the pattern is a copy of the body shape drawn in accordance with the size of a person's body that is measured carefully and precisely. Women's clothing patterns with fat body shapes require a special pattern system compared to women with ideal body shape. This study aims to see weaknesses, ways to improve, the suitability of the basic pattern of the Indonesian system for Indonesian women with a fat body shape. This research is an applied research, the object of the research is the basic pattern of the Indonesian system that has been fitted three times in adult women with obese bodies, with three panelists namely lecturers who are experts in pattern making. The data collection technique of this research was obtained by distributing research instruments compiled based on questionnaires in the form of likers scale, while the data analysis techniques used were, mode, median and percentage to determine the most trends in assessing the suitability of the Indonesian system's basic pattern in women with obese bodies . The results of the study indicate that the basic pattern of the Indonesian system has weaknesses with a percentage of 71% and classified in the appropriate category. Repairing with a percentage of 95% with classification is very appropriate. Overall the basic pattern of the Indonesian system after adjustments was obtained was a percentage of 95% and classified with a category very suitable for women with fat body shape.Keywords : pattern of indonesia, women, obese bodies

The Ethics of Seeking Body Perfection, with Continual Reference to Heidi Montag

2015 ◽  
pp. 2083-2111
Author(s):  
Brett Lunceford
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual

In an increasingly visual society, beauty may seem only skin deep. This chapter considers the ethics of cosmetic surgery through the lens of posthumanism, a stance that suggests that defects of the body can be overcome through technology. Cosmetic surgery, with its reliance on prostheses and promise of reshaping the body, is, at its heart, a posthuman enterprise. Although many have engaged in cosmetic surgery, actress Heidi Montag became an exemplar of reshaping the body by undergoing ten different plastic surgery procedures in one day. Using Montag as foil, this chapter examines four ethical dimensions of cosmetic surgery: the ethics of the medical professionals who perform and advertise these procedures, the ethics of the individual making the decision, the ethics of the media structures that promote a homogenous ideal of beauty, and the ethics of those who tacitly approve of such procedures.

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