Policromia e scienze della conservazione: il caso Bauhaus a Dessau

TERRITORIO ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Thomas Danzl
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
World War ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Concrete Form ◽  
Material Conservation ◽  
Conservative Restoration ◽  
Second World

The first part of the essay reviews considerations made since the end of the Second World War in Germany on the conservation of modern architecture and it identifies the complex issue of the value of the memories that architecture carries in it, even in restoration projects which do not exclude modifications, the introduction of new parts and rebuilding. The objective is to identify the characteristics of critical and conservative restoration which leaves the traces of time and the losses on view, so that a 20th Century monument becomes a document of itself. The procedures followed for the conservative restoration of the Bauhaus buildings at Dessau are therefore carefully reviewed, reporting the progressive clarification of the method, which took final concrete form in the material conservation of the polychromes of the interior views through the application of conservation sciences.

Martin Heidegger

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Trawny
Keyword(s):  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Second World

Writing an introduction to the philosophy of Martin Heidegger after the publication of the “Black Notebooks” is a daring venture. Heidegger's statements about "world Jewry" and his political stubbornness after the Second World War seriously incriminate his thinking. How can one go about introducing the reader into this philosophy without at the same time laying the ground on which these unacceptable ideas can grow? Peter Trawny´s critical introduction is conceived as a representation precisely of the problematic aspects of Heidegger's thinking. At the same time, though, it clearly points out its extraordinary importance in the context of 20th century philosophy.

Fantasies of urban futures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
World War ◽  
Urban Futures ◽  
Post War ◽  
Visual Materials ◽  
Urban Fantasy ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

This chapter examines the origins of the post-war Plans as a means to interrogate a number of historical stereotypes about Britain after the Second World War. In 1945 Hull and Manchester, in common with many other British towns and cities, produced comprehensive, detailed redevelopment plans. These Plans were a spectacular mix of maps, representations of modern architecture and ambitious cityscapes that sit, sometimes uneasily, alongside detailed tables, text and photographs. Initially examining continuities between the inter- and post-war plans, the chapter emphasises the importance of the Plans in local governments’ attempts to express long-held desires to control and shape the city. I argue that the Plans evidence an attempt to mould the future shape and idea of the modern city through imaginative use of urban fantasy. Images of modernism, I argue, were not presented as a realisable architectural aim, but as a way of mediating between the present and an indistinct, but fundamentally better future. I suggest flawed interpretations of the visual materials contained in the Plans are responsible for an over-emphasis on the influence of radical modernism in post-war Britain.

Monuments of war: defining England's 20th-century defence heritage

Antiquity ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (272) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Dobinson ◽  
J. Lake ◽  
A.J. Schofield
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cold War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
World War ◽  
Popular Belief ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Second World

The editor of ANTIQUITY remembers travelling, as a child, on the main A1 highway to see relatives in southeast England, watching the banks of sharp-nosed Bloodhound missiles ranged close by the road – pointing east, to meet incoming Soviet bombers. The obsolete monuments of the Cold War, and before that of the Second World War, are history now, famously the Berlin Wall (Baker 1993 in ANTIQUITY). Many, like the concrete runways of the airfields, are so solidly built they are not lightly removed. These remains of England's 20th-century defence heritage are not well understood. However, and contrary to popular belief, they do have a large documentation; and it is this, the authors argue, that should form the basis for systematic review.

scholarly journals Poeta sam na sam z sobą – dziennik osobisty Romana Witolda Ingardena

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Radosław Kuliniak ◽  
Mariusz Pandura
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Life Narratives ◽  
Autobiographical Work ◽  
Second World

W Archiwum Rodziny Ingardenów zachował się liczący ponad 400 stron pamiętnik Romana Witolda Ingardena. Ten osobisty dokument nie jest zupełnie nieznany w polskiej literaturze fachowej na temat życia i twórczości fenomenologa. Ingarden jako autor dzieła autobiograficznego nie był z pewnością wyjątkiem w swoich czasach. Na przełomie XIX i XX wieku wiele osób pisało pamiętniki i inne narracje życiowe. Warto wspomnieć, że osobiste dzienniki (później opublikowane lub pozostające do dziś w formie rękopiśmiennej) tworzyli Kazimierz Twardowski, Władysław Tatarkiewicz i inni polscy filozofowie. Ponadto niezwykle popularna była praktyka pisania listów, a także poezji noszącej znamiona autobiograficzne. Należy zaznaczyć, że tekst ten nie powstał pierwotnie jako dokument autobiograficzny filozofa, ale jako zapis życia niedoszłego artysty. Ingarden był poetą przez dużą część swojego życia i pisał wiersze również po drugiej wojnie światowej. Poet Confronted with Himself – Personal Journal of Roman Witold Ingarden The Ingarden family archive includes the diary of Roman Witold Ingarden, over 400 pages long. This personal document is not completely unknown in Polish specialist literature dealing with the life and work of the phenomenologist. As an author of an autobiographical work, Ingarden was certainly not an exception in his times. At the turn of the 19th and the 20th century, many people wrote diaries and other life narratives. It is worth noting that personal journals (some later published and some still available only in handwritten form) were written by Kazimierz Twardowski, Władysław Tatarkiewicz, and other Polish philosophers. It was also enormously popular to write letters and poetry bearing autobiographical traces. It should be noted that the text analysed in the article was not originally created as an autobiographical document of a philosopher, but as an account of the life of an aspiring artist. Ingarden was a poet for a large part of his life and continued to write poetry even after the Second World War.

scholarly journals «Så godt det lar sig gjøre» – kommenterade krigstidsbrev adresserade till Arthur Nordén från norska kollegor 1940–1945 

Viking ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Goldhahn
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second World ◽  
Insight Into

«As good as it can be done» – commented war letters from Norwegian colleagues to Arthur Nordén 1940–1945 This article is based on letters addressed to Arthur Nordén (1891–1965), from his Norwegian colleagues Anton Willhelm Brøgger (1884–1951) and Sverre Marstrander (1910–1986) during the Nazi occupation of Norway, which lasted from 9 April 1940 to 8 May 1945. The letters provide unique historical insights into Brøgger's and Marstrander's activities during the war and reveal how they were engaging with Swedish archaeological colleagues during the Nazi occupation of Norway. While there is no doubt the relationship between archaeology and Nazism during the Second World War is a complex issue, and one that has been addressed by a number of researchers (e.g. Nordenborg Myhre 1984, 2002; Hagen 2002), these letters reflect particular solidarity between Swedish and Norwegian colleagues. They act as aging photographs capturing unique insight into personal experience and agencies. The expressed solidarity in words and actions strengthened existing collegiality and friendships. The letters add to a more nuanced understanding of the history of our discipline. 

scholarly journals Ethnical distance/connection (closeness) of Germans in Vojvodina according to the Serb and Hungarians in Vojvodina and Germans in Germany at the beginning of 21th century

2012 ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Krel
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Cultural Preferences ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Second World

Analysis one of the aspects, Germans in Vojvodina ethnical identity-ethnical distance/ connection (closeness) to the members of the two most numerous ethnical communities in Vojvodina (Serbs and Hungarian) and Germans in Germany, their home country, bring us interesting results. It is talking about that numerous number of the examinees; based on the ethnical description, threat themselves more close to the Germans in home country then to the Serbs and Hungarian who live around them. Distance to the Serbs is more expressed to the colonists who have been moved In after Second World War and to the refugees and displaced people, who found asylum in Vojvodina, during nineties 20th century. To their neighbors, Hungarians, at the same time they express very contradictory feelings, closeness - because of the cultural preferences, numerous family?s connections and identical religious decisions and also there is a distance because of the need that they reconstruct and restaurate own identity.

scholarly journals Sketches of the Serbs in Cavtat until 1945

2013 ◽  
pp. 163-181
Author(s):  
Sasa Nedeljkovic
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
World War ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
Charitable Organisation ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Second World

At the end of 19th and in the first half of 20th century Catholic Serbs consisted the majority in Cavtat, also known as ?little Belgrade? for that reason. They permanently confronted Croatian nationalists who aspired to make Cavtat a Croatian city. People from Cavtat closely cooperated with national societies from Dubrovnik. National Women?s Cooperative from Dubrovnik opened in 1920 a branch in Cavtat with ?Pcelica? institution. Serbian Sisters? Circle (Kolo srpskih sestara) opened a vocational school in Cavtat at its own expense. The school was governed by Women?s Charitable Organisation from Cavtat, and financed by the Circle. King Aleksandar and Queen Marija received an enthusiastic welcome when they visited Cavtat in 1925. Catholic Serbs considered the Sokol Movement (Sokolsko drustvo) a binding thread of Yugoslav society. The Sokol Movement in Cavtat was the most active and the largest society in Cavtat until the April War in 1941. Cavatat municipality was separated from Konavle in 1937. The Yugoslav Radical Union (JRZ) led by Niko Vragolov won the elections. According to the Cvetkovic-Macek Agreement from August 26th, 1939 Cavtat was separated from Banovina of Zeta and allotted to Banovina of Croatia. The Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) in Banovina of Croatia used its leading position to expand persecutions and deprivations of Catholic Serbs, the Yugoslavs and the Sokols. Local newspapers, especially magazines Dubrovnik and Sokolski glasnik, reported about these persecutions. In Banovina of Croatia municipality of Cavtat was appended in 1940 to the municipality of Konavle with the seat in Gruda. Everything that happened in and around Dubrovnik in Banovina of Croatia was an introduction to what was happening later in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH). The Ustashi persecutions did not cause Catholic Serbs to break down. During the Second World War Dubrovnik and Cavtat were important strongholds of the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland. After the War Cavtat became part of Croatia.

Housing in the Latin American City, 1900–1976

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Yee
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

Housing has been a central feature of Latin America’s dramatic transformation into the most urbanized region of the world. Between 1940 and 1970, the portion of people who lived in urban areas rose from 33 percent to 64 percent; a seismic shift that caused severe housing deficits, overcrowding, and sprawl in Latin America’s major cities. After the Second World War, these urban slums became a symbol of underdevelopment and a target for state-led modernization projects. At a time when Cold War tensions were escalating throughout the world, the region’s housing problems also became more politicized through a network of foreign aid agencies. These overlapping factors illustrate how the history of local housing programs were bound up with broader hemispheric debates over economic development and the role of the nation-state in social affairs. The history of urban housing in 20th-century Latin America can be divided into three distinct periods. The first encompasses the beginning of the 20th century, when issues of housing in the central-city districts were primarily viewed through the lens of public health. Leading scientists, city planners, psychiatrists, and political figures drew strong connections between the sanitary conditions of private domiciles and the social behavior of their residents in public spaces. After the Second World War, urban housing became a proving ground for popular ideas in the social sciences that stressed industrialization and technological modernization as the way forward for the developing world. In this second period, mass housing was defined by a central tension: the promotion of modernist housing complexes versus self-help housing—a process in which residents build their own homes with limited assistance from the state. By the 1970s, the balance had shifted from modernist projects to self-help housing, a development powerfully demonstrated by the 1976 United Nations (UN) Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat I). This seminal UN forum marked a transitional moment when the concepts of self-help community development were formally adopted by emergent, neo-liberal economists and international aid agencies.

8. Judaism today

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Solomon
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
Religious Leadership ◽  
Jewish Thought ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Second World

No religion has emerged unchanged into the 21st century. Increasing secularization of Western governments has undermined the power of religious leadership and people’s values have changed. Lots of people have abandoned organized religion. ‘Judaism today’ examines the impact of postmodernist thinking in recent times on Judaism. World Jewry has found itself at the centre of two 20th-century events that have affected it in unique ways: the trauma of the Shoah, or Holocaust, and the establishment of the State of Israel. Four areas in which Jewish thought has developed since the Second World War are considered: Zionism, Holocaust theology, God, and Feminism.

scholarly journals The Polish Underground Home Army (AK) and the Jews: What Postwar Jewish Testimonies and Wartime Documents Reveal

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-220
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Holocaust Survivor ◽  
University Of Southern California ◽  
World War ◽  
Concrete Form ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
National Organizations ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The University ◽  
Second World

This article is part of the special cluster titled Conceptualizations of the Holocaust in Germany, Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine since the 1990s, guest edited by Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe. The attitude of the Polish Home Army (AK) to Nazi exterminationist policies is among the most controversial topics of wartime Polish–Jewish relations. Scholarly studies appearing since the 1980s have reconstructed the Home Army’s complex local and national organizations, its many sub-divisions and departments, its policies and objectives, as well as its sacrifice in the Warsaw Uprising of August–September 1944. In this article, I will analyze Holocaust survivor testimonies as a source for evaluating the attitude and behavior of the Home Army towards the Jews during the Second World War. Archival repositories used will include testimonies preserved at the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw, the Yad Vashem Archives in Jerusalem, the Fortunoff Archive for Holocaust Testimonies at Yale, and the Shoah Foundation Visual Archive at the University of Southern California. I will demonstrate that the widely held view in collective Jewish memory and Jewish historiography that the Home Army was hostile is largely confirmed by these sources. At the same time, however, the same sources reveal that a substantial minority of the testimonies—approximately 30 percent—tells stories of a Home Army that rescued and protected Jews. The second part of this article compares testimonies to the documentary record, asking whether or not the behavior of the Home Army as a whole reflected the experience of Jews as reflected in postwar testimonies. The article will give more concrete form to the debate over the Polish underground’s attitude and behavior towards the Jews during the Second World War.

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