ВІЗУАЛІЗАЦІЯ ОБРАЗУ ЖІНКИ НА ШПАЛЬТАХ ЖУРНАЛЬНИХ МЕДІА ДЛЯ ЧОЛОВІКІВ

2020 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
A. Kondryko ◽  
M. Klueva
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Men's Magazines ◽  
The Media ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
The One ◽  
Gender Images ◽  
Textual Content

<div><p><em>The article describes the main media visualization tools and describes typical gender images that are portrayed in the media. The influence of media on the creation, change and dissemination of stereotypes is outlined. The process and consequences of the transformation of gender roles, depending on the socio-historical context and the features of their contemporary identification in the magazine media for men, are examined. Monitoring of periodicals illustrated, on the one hand, the existing system of imagery (illustrations, dies, lines, footnotes, cuts, color, free space, various decorative elements) and components of illumination of a certain media image – on the other. Emphasis is placed on the ratio of visual and textual content in this plane.</em></p></div><p><em>It has been found that in the counters of modern men’s magazines there is a considerable number of photographs depicting women, mostly thought leaders in their fields. As a rule, in most of the photos the woman is shown in a certain role: «Barbie-woman», «Cinderella», «glamor maiden», «bitch-woman», «superwoman», «cosmo-woman», «feminist», «caregiver», «a militaristic woman»</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>Among the most common female media images portrayed in the mass media GQ, Esquire and Men’s Health is named «cosmo-woman», «glamor maiden» and «Cinderella», which allowed to state: modern magazines for the general public, in particular for men, aimed at depicting women in the popular nowadays.</em></p><p><em>As a result of a practical study of magazines, stereotypes that are no longer indicative of the current information world have been identified, as well as factors that influence the emergence or, on the contrary, the disappearance of gender roles in the media environment.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> visualization, gender, image, media, stereotype, mass culture.</em></p>

scholarly journals The Loss of the Popular: Reconstructing Fifty Years of Studying Popular Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke Hermes ◽  
Jan Teurlings
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Defining Moment ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Media Objects ◽  
The Media ◽  
Filter Bubbles ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One

This article starts from the observation that popular culture resides in a contradictory space. On the one hand it seems to be thriving, in that the range of media objects that were previously studied under the rubric of popular culture has certainly expanded. Yet, cultural studies scholars rarely study these media objects <em>as</em> popular culture. Instead, concerns about immaterial labor, about the manipulation of voting behavior and public opinion, about filter bubbles and societal polarization, and about populist authoritarianism, determine the dominant frames with which the contemporary media environment is approached. This article aims to trace how this change has come to pass over the last 50 years. It argues that changes in the media environment are important, but also that cultural studies as an institutionalizing interdisciplinary project has changed. It identifies “the moment of popular culture” as a relatively short-lived but epoch-defining moment in cultural studies. This moment was subsequently displaced by a set of related yet different theoretical problematics that gradually moved the study of popular culture away from the popular. These displacements are: the hollowing out of the notion of the popular, as signaled early on by Meaghan Morris’ article “The Banality of Cultural Studies” in 1988; the institutionalization of cultural studies; the rise of the governmentality approach and a growing engagement with affect theory.

scholarly journals The private life of soviet person in museum expositions of Ivanovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (121) ◽  
pp. 194-203
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Dobretsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Soviet Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Culture Development

The article is devoted to private life of soviet person on an example of museums exposition of Ivanovo – the Museum of first Soviet. The author takes note that, on the one hand, an everyday culture of soviet epoch is lost, but, on the other hand, this culture has a big popularity not only in the science sphere but also in the sphere of mass culture. It accents an actuality of its researching. The exposition representing in the museum of first soviet has unicity. A museum space dedicated to a historical event shows to visitors a contrast interior of manufacturer and his worker. It illustrates that revolution as a strong move in a social and cultural life of society was inevitable. Among mass of everyday culture of soviet epoch museums the Ivanovo museum offers visitors not only demonstration of periods of soviet culture development but also representative reflection of soviet way of life and person evolution. From a person of bedsit, which even his room doesn`t become private space and full of ideological mottoes, to the person with individual set of interests, tastes and desires. This new type of person tries to bring to life his interests, tastes and desires into his new flat interior making it cozier, positive representing social changes. The museum space has synthetism as far as it repels not only historical context and social changes but also way of life details. The author puts museum exposition as an attempt of presenting macro history by way of micro history of private life of soviet person.

scholarly journals Icelandic Journalists & the Question of Professionalism

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgir Guðmundsson ◽  
Sigurður Kristinsson
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One ◽  
Journalistic Practice ◽  
Different Parts

The question whether journalism constitutes a profession or not has been widely discussed in the literature in recent decades without a definite conclusion. Indeed some suggest that much of the contradictory views on professionalism and the professionalization of journalism may be traced to the unclear meaning of the very term “professionalism” or “professionalization” (Nolan 2008). Thus it is possible to put simultaneously forth plausible arguments suggesting de-professionalization of journalism on the one hand, and further professionalization of journalism on the other, based on different interpretations of the term “professionalism”. The terms “professional” and “professionalism” can refer to different social phenomena in different contexts. Thus an ongoing professionalization of journalism can be taking place in one sense at the same time as de-professionalization in a different sense, and of course, these different trends can also be taking place simultaneously in different parts of the media environment (Nolan, 2008; Hallin&Mancini, 2004; Witschge&Nygren, 2009; Schudson, 2001). In determining an approach to the concept of a profession it is helpful to establish some general criteria, against which journalistic practice may be measured. In finding these criteria, guidelines are given by the discussion of traditional professions – doctors, lawyers – and on that basis some characteristics can been said to signify a profession. To what extent is the work of Icelandic journalists characterised by professionalism, and to what extent do they, as an occupational group, exhibit the features normally associated with professions? The following analysis suggests that Icelandic journalists fulfil many of the key conditions associated with professions and their development in recent decades has been one of increased professionalism.

scholarly journals Media Memory in the Fanfiction Culture: the Image of Peter the Great in Online Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
D. S. Artamonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Fan Fiction ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Media ◽  
Modern Mass

The article is devoted to the consideration of the image of Peter I in the online literature. The author uses the concept of media memory to describe the phenomenon of the existence of collective ideas about the past in the media environment. He considers the culture of fanfiction as one of the practices of constructing media memory. Analysis of amateur art texts on the crowdsourcing platform "Book of Fan Fiction" (ficbook.net) revealed the ways in which Internet users build their attitude to history. The review of historical texts about the Peter the Great era showed that the user's ideas about Peter the Great are extremely mythologized, based on stereotypes that are overcome by the free interpretation and actualization of the facts of the past, with the help of images of modern mass culture.

scholarly journals Is Germany a “digital outsider”?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-553
Author(s):  
Elena M. Gaponova
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Media History ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Media System ◽  
The Media ◽  
Digitale Spaltung ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to digitalization in Germany, taking into account the historical context. The scientific novelty and relevance of the study lies in the fact that the German digital media history is examined against the background of the transformation of the media system, mainly after the reunification of the two German states. The scientific significance of the research results is that the following conflict is presented and resolved. On the one hand, Germany has long been ranked among the countries in which multimedia is actively involved in everyday life, and the problem of digital divide (digitale Kluft or digitale Spaltung), which caused heated discussion in the world in the mid-1990s not typical for an economically developed country like Germany. On the other hand, in 2018-2019 scientific publications appeared in which the country was presented as a digital outsider, which means that the federal governments strategy for the development of information and communication technologies has not been properly developed. The author studies digitalization in Germany in the following aspects: historical, substantial and economic, making an attempt to analyze the current situation.

Murder with Impunity: The Construction of Arab Masculinities and Honor Crimes

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
May Abu Jaber
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One ◽  
Male Authority ◽  
Cultural Networks ◽  
Gender Specific

Violence against women (VAW) continues to exist as a pervasive, structural,systematic, and institutionalized violation of women’s basic human rights (UNDivision of Advancement for Women, 2006). It cuts across the boundaries of age, race, class, education, and religion which affect women of all ages and all backgrounds in every corner of the world. Such violence is used to control and subjugate women by instilling a sense of insecurity that keeps them “bound to the home, economically exploited and socially suppressed” (Mathu, 2008, p. 65). It is estimated that one out of every five women worldwide will be abused during her lifetime with rates reaching up to 70 percent in some countries (WHO, 2005). Whether this abuse is perpetrated by the state and its agents, by family members, or even by strangers, VAW is closely related to the regulation of sexuality in a gender specific (patriarchal) manner. This regulation is, on the one hand, maintained through the implementation of strict cultural, communal, and religious norms, and on the other hand, through particular legal measures that sustain these norms. Therefore, religious institutions, the media, the family/tribe, cultural networks, and the legal system continually disciplinewomen’s sexuality and punish those women (and in some instances men) who have transgressed or allegedly contravened the social boundaries of ‘appropriateness’ as delineated by each society. Such women/men may include lesbians/gays, women who appear ‘too masculine’ or men who appear ‘too feminine,’ women who try to exercise their rights freely or men who do not assert their rights as ‘real men’ should, women/men who have been sexually assaulted or raped, and women/men who challenge male/older male authority.

Liberating Afghan Women

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Afghan Women ◽  
The Media ◽  
Policy Priority

Public opinion in the United States and elsewhere celebrated the liberation of Afghan women following the defeat of the Taliban government. The United States promised to stay in Afghanistan and foster security, economic development, and human rights for all, especially women. After years of funding various anti- Soviet Mujahidin warlords, the United States had agreed to help reconstruct the country once before in 1992, when the Soviet-backed government fell, but had lost interest when the warlords began to fight among themselves. This time, however, it was going to be different. To date, however, conditions have not improved for most Afghan women and reconstruction has barely begun. How did this happen? This article explores media presentations of Afghan women and then compares them with recent reports from human rights organizations and other eyewitness accounts. It argues that the media depictions were built on earlier conceptions of Muslim societies and allowed us to adopt a romantic view that disguised or covered up the more complex historical context of Afghan history and American involvement in it. We allowed ourselves to believe that Afghans were exotic characters who were modernizing or progressing toward a western way of life, despite the temporary setback imposed by the Taliban government. In Afghanistan, however, there was a new trope: the feminist Afghan woman activist. Images of prominent Afghan women sans burqa were much favored by the mass media and American policymakers. The result, however, was not a new focus on funding feminist political organizations or making women’s rights a foreign policy priority; rather, it was an unwillingness to fulfill obligations incurred during decades of American-funded mujahidin warfare, to face the existence of deteriorating conditions for women, resumed opium cultivation, and a resurgent Taliban, or to commit to a multilateral approach that would bring in the funds and expertise needed to sustain a long-term process of reconstruction.

Bossa Mundo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.E. Goldschmitt
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Film Music ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Brand ◽  
Brazilian Music ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Media ◽  
Rich Countries

Bossa Mundo chronicles how Brazilian music has been central to Brazil’s national brand in the United States and the United Kingdom since the late 1950s. Scholarly texts on Brazilian popular music generally focus on questions of music and national identity, and when they discuss the music’s international popularity, they keep the artists, recordings, and live performances as the focus, ignoring the process of transnational mediation. This book fills a major gap in Brazilian music studies by analyzing the consequences of moments when Brazilian music was popular in Anglophone markets, with a focus on the media industries. With subject matter as varied as jazz, film music, dance fads, DJ/remix culture, and new models of musical distribution, the book demonstrates how the mediation of Brazilian music in an increasingly crowded transnational marketplace has had lasting consequences for the creative output celebrated by Brazil as part of its national brand. Through a discussion of the political meaning of mass-mediated music in chronologically organized chapters, the book shifts the scholarly focus on the music’s transnational popularity from the scholarly framework of representing Otherness to broader considerations of a media environment where listeners and intermediaries often have differing priorities. The book provides a new model for studying music from culturally rich countries in the Global South where local governments often leverage stereotypes in their national branding project.

Monotheism in Isaiah

2020 ◽  
pp. 218-248
Author(s):  
Matthias Albani
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Divine Power ◽  
Crisis Situation ◽  
Catalytic Function ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
The One ◽  
Religious Crisis

The monotheistic confession in Isa 40–48 is best understood against the historical context of Israel’s political and religious crisis situation in the final years of Neo-Babylonian rule. According to Deutero-Isaiah, Yhwh is unique and incomparable because he alone truly predicts the “future” (Isa 41:22–29)—currently the triumph of Cyrus—which will lead to Israel’s liberation from Babylonian captivity (Isa 45). This prediction is directed against the Babylonian deities’ claim to possess the power of destiny and the future, predominantly against Bel-Marduk, to whom both Nabonidus and his opponents appeal in their various political assertions regarding Cyrus. According to the Babylonian conviction, Bel-Marduk has the universal divine power, who, on the one hand, directs the course of the stars and thus determines the astral omens and, on the other hand, directs the course of history (cf. Cyrus Cylinder). As an antithesis, however, Deutero-Isaiah proclaims Yhwh as the sovereign divine creator and leader of the courses of the stars in heaven as well as the course of history on earth (Isa 45:12–13). Moreover, the conflict between Nabonidus and the Marduk priesthood over the question of the highest divine power (Sîn versus Marduk) may have had a kind of “catalytic” function in Deutero-Isaiah’s formulation of the monotheistic confession.

Campaigns and Elections in a Changing Media Landscape

2019 ◽  
pp. 403-426
Author(s):  
Michael X. Delli Carpini ◽  
Bruce A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Media ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Campaigns And Elections ◽  
The Media

The media landscape of countries across the globe is changing in profound ways that are of relevance to the study and practice of political campaigns and elections. This chapter uses the concept of media regimes to put these changes in historical context and describe the major drivers that lead to a regime’s formation, institutionalization, and dissolution. It then turns to a more detailed examination of the causes and qualities of what is arguably a new media regime that has formed in the United States; the extent to which this phenomenon has or is occurring (albeit in different ways) elsewhere; and how the conduct of campaigns and elections are changing as a result. The chapter concludes with thoughts on the implications of the changing media landscape for the study and practice of campaigns and elections specifically, and democratic politics more generally.

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