scholarly journals THE MECHANISM OF DIVERSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL RISKS AND THEIR ASSESSMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Dereza
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lending Rates ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Level Of Risk

The article discusses approaches to minimizing financial losses by diversifying financial risks, it is proposed to improve the mechanism for diversifying financial risks, which should consist of the following stages: 1) Formation by the financial and economic department of the subject (enterprise, bank, investment company, etc.) of the input data, depending on the type of activity, among which the most typical are: volumes and structure of credit resources, their price, borrowing terms, loan currency, volumes and structure of product exports and imports of goods, export and import currencies, duration of the production cycle, volumes and structure of securities portfolio, types of securities, profitability indicators, types and the level of expenses. 2) Determination of the types of financial risks faced by an economic entity, and its measurement for each type, as well as the level of losses suffered by an economic entity in previous periods, in order to assess the feasibility of diversifying financial risks. 3) Determination of the most effective diversification options for an economic entity by comparing the costs of implementing possible options and the resulting from diversification by reducing the level of risk. 4) Assessment of other options for minimizing losses from financial risks that the entity can apply and which can be grouped as follows: hedging risks, limiting and compensating risks. 5) Calculation of financial implications for an economic entity from the introduction of financial risk diversification To do this, it is necessary to compare the costs and the expected effect of diversification, that is, will the level of risk decrease, or what will be the maximum possible financial losses. Calculated on the basis of statistical data, the values of the coefficient of variation of deposit and lending rates, as well as the exchange rate of UAH to foreign currencies. A methodology for assessing the level of possible financial losses and the effectiveness of the process of diversifying financial risks is proposed. The introduction of a mechanism for diversifying financial risks will help reduce financial losses by economic entities, which in turn will improve the overall financial results of their activities.

scholarly journals Strategic financial risk management of industrial enterprises in the conditions of uncertainty

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-483
Author(s):  
E. B. Maevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Complete System ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Financial Risk Management ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Financial Losses

In article the main aspects of management of financial risks for the purpose of formation of the complete system promoting avoidance of financial losses and growth of cost of the industrial enterprises are considered. Functions of a financial risk management in terms of its practical application are characterized. The strategy of functioning of a financial risk management in modern conditions of managing of the industrial enterprises is presented. Ways of management of financial risks of the industrial enterprises in the conditions of uncertainty and volatility of the economic environment are offered. Measures of quantitative assessment of financial risks which can serve discrete sizes of criteria indicators of activity of the industrial enterprise, on the basis of the available statistical data which values are defined by influence of external and internal factors are defined.

Determination of integral indicators characterizing the possibility of accommodating the evacuated population in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 154851292097028
Author(s):  
Yernar Zh Akimbayev ◽  
Zhumabek Kh Akhmetov ◽  
Murat S Kuanyshbaev ◽  
Arman T Abdykalykov ◽  
Rashid V Ibrayev
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Integrated Indicators ◽  
Selection Of

Studying the historical facts of past wars and armed conflicts and natural and man-made emergencies, today in the Republic of Kazakhstan one of the most important security issues is the preparation and organization of the evacuation of the population from possible dangerous zones, taking into account the emergence of new threats to the country’s security. The paper presents an algorithm for constructing universal scales of the distribution function of opportunities by types of support and rebuilding them into subject scales using display functions. The purpose of the paper is to determine the integral indicators characterizing the possibility of accommodation of the evacuated population and the impact on resources during relocation. On the subject scales of cities and districts of the region, indicators of the possibility of relocation of a certain amount of the evacuated population by types of support and indicators characterizing the impact on the district’s resources during resettlement of a certain amount of the evacuated population are determined. It was concluded that the use of integrated indicators allows the selection of areas to accommodate the evacuated population without the use of statistical data, in conditions of incomplete and inaccurate information. The presented method does not replace traditional methods based on classical methods of territory assessment by the level of life sustenance, but also allows their reasonable combination with the experience of specialists in this field, taking into account the incompleteness, uncertainty, and inconsistency of the initial data of the study area, which does not allow the application of existing methods.

scholarly journals Economic Risks of Aflatoxin Contamination in Marketing of Peanut in Benin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bley N'dede ◽  
C. M. Jolly ◽  
Simplice D. Vodouhe ◽  
P. E. Jolly
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Trading Decisions ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Marketing Chain ◽  
Financial Losses

Aflatoxin (AF) is a human health, nutrition, and financial risk to many people in the developing world. AF contamination in peanut is caused by the fungi: Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. AF is a potent carcinogenic toxin that also causes millions of dollars of financial losses to people in Africa. The fungus producing the AF can be reduced to an acceptable level by proper drying, sorting, storage, and cleaning of peanut. Government intervention and regulation can also encourage market participants to reduce AF contamination. In this paper, we examine the financial risk associated with sorting, and storing of peanut and peanut products along the marketing chain. Study results show that the prices paid for peanut, prices received, the costs of sorting and storage are dominant factors in reducing AF levels in peanut. Practices such as drying, sorting, and storing, however, pose financial risks to market traders of peanut. Unless government intervenes by requesting an AF-reduced peanut and provides assistance for market liberalization where market participants consider quality in trading decisions, suppliers of peanut will be reluctant to adopt AF-reducing techniques.

scholarly journals Assessment of “maturity” of the taxpayer's internal control system for tax monitoring purposes

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-59
Author(s):  
Elena Vladimirovna Berezina ◽  
Anna Sergeevna Balandina ◽  
Ol'ga Svyatoslavovna Belomyttseva
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The internal control system is examined as a variety of internal control of an economic entity on the one hand, and as the foundation for transitioning towards tax monitoring on the other. Such approach allows assessing this structure from the perspective of taxpayers, as well as from the standpoint of implementation of public function of tax control. The object of this article is the process of improving internal control system of tax obligations by the taxpayer in the conditions of digitalization of tax administration. The subject of this article is the theoretical aspects of internal control as an administrative function, as well as comparative analysis of the Russian “internal control” system with the classical COSO model. The scientific novelty consists in comprehensive research of the internal control of tax obligations, determination of its essential characteristics,  and assessment of the consequences of formalization of requirements thereof, which led to the conclusion on transformation of the internal control of the taxpayer from the area of reputational merits of the economic entity and internal administration instruments to the subject of public control by tax authorities in tax monitoring processes. It remains to be seen whether state interference in such delicate sphere of activity of an economic entity as internal control is justified. The goal of this research consists in the analysis of the effective requirements of the Federal Tax Service of Russia from the perspective of possibility of their implementation by the particular taxpayers. The article provides the examples of assessment of certain components of the internal control system based on the criteria set by the Federal Tax Service of Russia. The author formulates the definition of control procedure, carries out classification of the aforementioned criteria; develops the examples of effective design of some controls; as well as presents the examples of assessment of IT systems from in the context of extended requirements of the Federal Tax Service of Russia.

scholarly journals Фінансові ризики: економічна природа та класифікація різновидів

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Виклюк М.І. ◽  
Мірошник Р.О. ◽  
Майор О.В.
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Financial Activity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Financial Losses

The article presents the theoretical and methodological foundations of the content of the definition of “financial risk”. The existing scientific approaches to understanding the economic nature of the concept under study have been generalized on the basis of morphological analysis. It has been noted that the first approach treats financial risk in the context of the financial results of the enterprise, in particular as a risk, the possibility of financial losses due to negative events; the second approach defines financial risk as a cost estimation of the probability of an event leading to financial losses of the enterprise; the third approach defines financial risk as a complex of cause and effect relationships, that is, a set of types of financial risks that affect not only the financial activity but also the production and commercial activity of the entity. It have been presented an author’s interpretation of financial risk as a certain probability of avoiding financial results in the form of loss of profit, income, assets or capital in the conditions of objective unpredictability of financial and economic activity. It has been noted that financial risk as an economic category is characterized by a number of basic and specific properties that are manifested in the interaction of such elements of financial risk as uncertainty, losses, consequences and opportunities. The types of financial risk have been classified into two groups: external financial risks (inflation, deposit, tax, interest, currency); internal financial risks (risks of business processes: risk of insolvency, risk of reduction of financial stability, profitability, turnover, liquidity; investment risk: portfolio, interest, credit, dividend; other financial risks: risk of missed profit, structural, new. Basic methods and tools used to manage and implement financial risk mitigation policies in the operations of enterprises have been summarized.

scholarly journals INSURANCE OF FINANCIAL RISKS OF BUSINESS ENTITY: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE

2017 ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
Tetiana Pysmenna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Insurance Rate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Actual Damage ◽  
Risk Insurance

The subject of the study is the theoretical and practical principles of insurance of financial risks of the subject of economic activity. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical foundations and analyse the practice of financial risk insurance of the entity. It is established that the essence of insurance of financial risks can be formulated in different ways. Often, under this notion we consider the protection of the property interests of the entity in the event of financial risks in its activities, which is carried out at the expense of the insurance company's funds formed from insurance premiums. In the implementation of financial risks, an entity may suffer material loss in the form of actual damage or loss of profit. The tendencies of development of insurance of financial risks in the market of insurance services of Ukraine are determined. They are affected by the change in the volume of gross and net insurance premiums and insurance premiums on insurance of financial risks. On the basis of the assessment of the level of gross and net insurance payments, the insurance of financial risks is classified as a profitable type of insurance to a certain extent. The main types of insurance of financial risks of the subject of economic activity are described. At the domestic insurance market, insurance companies practice loan insurance, insurance guarantees and investment insurance. Each type of insurance of financial risks is carried out in order to protect the property interests of the entity in the event of various insurance incidents. For each type of insurance of financial risks, the insured amount, insurance rate, insurance payment and insurance indemnity must be established. It is concluded that the issue of financial risk insurance needs further research in the consideration of other types of financial risk insurance of the entity.

scholarly journals Factoral Analysis of the Financial Leverage of the Enterprise

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Izolda Chiladze
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factorial Model ◽  
The Subject ◽  
General Indicator

The activities of the enterprises always involve some uncertainty, therefore there is always a risk that objectives may not be achieved. So, theoretical and practical aspects of business risks are always relevant. The goal of the research is to select the general indicator of the financial risk between the leverage coefficients of the enterprises and to create its’ factorial model. The subject of research is the system of financial leverage ratios of the enterprise. Financial information on Georgian wine companies is used for the practical provision for research. As a result of the research has been created a new factor model of the general indicator of financial leverage. It is possible to measure five-factor indicators making an impact on the level of financial leverage. Its regular analysis will help enterprise management to fully control and manage the financial risks of the enterprise, to implement adequate measures on the basis of which the financial stability of the enterprise would not be jeopardized, which is also in the public interest.

scholarly journals Determination of the Risk Function for Survivors Using Beta Pert Method

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Burciu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Risk Function ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Data Uncertainty ◽  
The Coordinator ◽  
Level Of Risk

Determination of the Risk Function for Survivors Using Beta Pert Method In emergency at sea the most important is to start the rescue action as fast as possible, whereas the decision to terminate the action, in case the survivors have not been found, is made by the coordinator on the basis of his practical experience. To estimate the level of risk it is necessary to face the problem of lack of credible statistical data. The paper presents a new concept which allow to calculate the risk, taking into account data uncertainty. The method and probability model are presented and discussed.

Light Side of Design: Professional Vector

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Elena A. Zaeva-Burdonskaya ◽  
Yuri V. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Design Culture ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Light Side

This article addresses one of the most actively developing types of design activities – light design. The article comprises quotes of the leading Russian and foreign light design specialists published over the previous five years, as well as the authors’ own conclusions. The thoughts quoted in the article are sometimes opposite to each other and reflect the wide spectrum of professional practice. They reflect the initial opinions of analysts and experts which are often diverging. All of the specialists point at the interdisciplinary nature of the new profession, which imposes additional load on a designer overloaded enough already by the scope and speed of the problems being solved nowadays. The discussion of the new profession of light designer initiated on the pages of professional publications is especially important in view of the development of professional standards and standards of design and architectural education, as well as creation of new educational programmes based on various approaches to the subject in technical and humanitarian institutions. The goal of this article is to introduce light design into the field of fully legitimate sections of design culture, to define the authentic scientific basis of the new creative profession, to initiate a foundation for self-determination of the new synthetic area, which materially affects the state of the profession as a whole and the life standards of a wide variety of consumers. In order to reach the set goal, a comparative and analytical method of study was selected, which allows studying the problem to a large extent and from all angles and finding the ways of overcoming the challenges emerging in the area of the new activity.

Assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax spending towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of advanced development territory

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Mikhailovna Popova ◽  
Guzel Mukhtarovna Guseinova ◽  
Sergei Borisovich Milov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Advanced Development

The deficit of subnational budgets and deceleration capital investments in multiple Russian regions increase the relevance of research aimed at improvement of tax incentivizing practice of the regional investment process. The studies focused on determination of the impact of socioeconomic and institutional factors upon the efficiency of investment tax expenses obtained wide circulation within the foreign scientific literature. The subject of this article is the assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax expanses towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of territories of advanced socioeconomic development, created in the subjects of Far Easter Federal District. The scientific novelty and practical values of this research consists in substantiation of the reasonableness of assessment of investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity that are stimulated by tax incentives. Methodology for assessing investment attractiveness is proposed and tested. The conclusion is made that in case of low investment attractiveness of the type of economic activity, which was planned to support by tax incentives, it is required to conduct and additional analysis to avoid unjustified tax expanses.

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