scholarly journals Spatial variety of local occurrence of soil salinization under the drip irrigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
О.М. Drozd ◽  
Yu.О. Afanasiev
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Salinization

Experience and Problems in Planting Winter Wheat in Reclaimed Wasteland in An Oasis Area in Xinjiang, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyu Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Jinzhu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

<p>Xinjiang is located in the northwest of China and in the hinterland of Eurasia. The area is dominated by basins and deserts, with less rainfall and large evaporation. Therefore, most of the agricultural cultivation in this area is developed in piedmont oases. <br> Shihezi City is located in the middle of Xinjiang and has a typical continental climate. We have carried out long-term follow-up observation on two cultivated lands near Shihezi. Plots 147 # and 148 # were originally used for planting cotton, but due to the shortage of irrigation and the serious problem of soil salinization, cotton plants in these two plots were eventually abandoned. In 2008, local farmers began to use drip irrigation system to replant wheat on fallow land 147 # and 148 #. The outcome shows some achievements have been made. In 2008, the amount of irrigation on 147 # and 148 # was 360mm-405mm, and the yield was 7676kg/hm<sup>2</sup>-8879kg/hm<sup>2</sup>. <br> We believe that there are three main reasons for successful farming on reclaimed land: <br>(1) The reclaimed land was leveled to reduce the difference in land height and improve the uniformity of irrigation. <br>(2) Compared with previous flooding irrigation, the drip irrigation system can better save water and reduces soil salinization; <br>(3) The application of water-soluble chemical fertilizer has changed the traditional fertilization method in the past and improved the efficiency of using fertilizer. <br>After ten years of reclamation and cultivation, what has attracted our attention is that there are also problems in plots 147 # and 148 #: <br>(1) White pollution: In order to reduce soil evaporation brought by local heat, farmers generally use plastic mulching to cover the soil. According to the field observation and our related research, the problem of plastic film residue in the soil is very serious. At present, the density of plastic film residue increases around 16.37 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> per year. <br>(2) Excessive application of chemical fertilizer causes potential soil pollution: Compared with traditional flood irrigation, the amount of fertilizer applied after the drip irrigation system is reduced, but the amount of chemical fertilizer used is still very large, which causes potential soil pollution. <br>(3) The problem of soil salinization always exists: the drip irrigation system can effectively reduce the salt on the surface of the soil during the growth cycle of crops, but the salt deep in the soil always accumulates and cannot be effectively excreted. <br>In view of the above problems, the more effective solutions at present are: <br>(1) Degradable plastic film: The new plastic film can degrade itself and reduce accumulation in soil. <br>(2) New plastic film recycling machine: improve the recovery rate of plastic film. <br>(3) Optimizing irrigation and fertilization scheme: Through field experiments, find out the most reasonable irrigation and fertilization scheme. <br>(3) Salinization control: Different methods such as using an underground pipe to discharge salt and applying soil conditioners are adopted to control the salinization of land, but different saline-alkali land control measures have their own advantages and disadvantages, therefore, further analysis is needed in practice. </p>

scholarly journals Initial results of watering plants via sub-irrigation technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 03056
Author(s):  
Safo Vafoev ◽  
Ilkhomjon Turdibekov ◽  
Rustam Vafoev ◽  
Ozoda Vafoeva
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Traditional Irrigation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Cost

In this developing world, saving water is the main problem for agricultural sciences. So, in this field, scientists are using many methods to save water-for instance, traditional irrigation, drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, sub-irrigation, and others. Solving irrigation and the problems in this article demonstrated the sub-irrigation method for agriculture plants in the Uzbekistan regions. According to watering theory in the field condition and compared to drip irrigation in the region, scientifically experiment was done. According to the results of the study, this method will automate the stability of soil moisture in the irrigation of agricultural crops: save 4 … 5 times water and prevent soil salinization; the cost of processing plants and fuels and lubricants with the help of technical means is sharply reduced; land use coefficient increases; hardening of crop rows and the number of their processing is sharply reduced; it is guaranteed to increase crop yields by mixing the juice with water; environmental pollution and soil salinity are sharply reduced. In the case of drip irrigation of agricultural crops, flexible plastic pipes with a diameter of 16… 20 mm are laid on the soil near the crop stalks, from which water holes or cracks are formed at certain intervals, from which water drips and irrigates crops. It is also possible to mix the juice of chemical and local fertilizers with water.

scholarly journals Effects of Irrigation Water Salinity on Soil Properties, N2O Emission and Yield of Spring Maize under Mulched Drip Irrigation

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Wei ◽  
Fahu Li ◽  
Peiling Yang ◽  
Shumei Ren ◽  
Shuaijie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels

Brackish water has been widely used to irrigate crops to compensate for insufficient freshwater water supply for agricultural use. The goal of this research was to determine an efficient brackish water use method to increase irrigation efficiency and reduce N2O emission. To this end, we conducted a field experiment with four salinity levels of irrigation water (1.1, 2.0, 3.5, and 5.0 g·L−1 with drip irrigation) at Hetao Irrigation District (Inner Mongolia, China) in 2017 and 2018. The results show that irrigation with 3.5–5.0 g·L−1 water salinity increased the soil salinity compared with irrigation using 1.1–2.0 g·L−1 water salinity. The soil water content with 5.0 g·L−1 brackish water irrigation was significantly higher than with 1.1–3.5 g·L−1 water salinity due to the effect of salinity on crop water uptake. The overall soil pH increased with the increase in irrigation water salinity. Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity decreased with the increase in irrigation water salinity. These results indicate that brackish water irrigation aggravates the degree of soil salinization and alkalization. The soil N2O cumulative flux resulting from irrigation with 5.0 g·L−1 water salinity was 51.18–82.86% higher than that resulting from 1.1–3.5 g L−1 water salinity in 2017, and was 32.38–44.79% higher than that resulting from 1.1–2.0 g·L−1 in 2018. Irrigation with brackish water reduced maize yield, and the reduction in yield in 2018 was greater than that in 2017, but irrigation with 2.0 g·L−1 brackish water did not significantly reduce maize yield in 2017. These results suggest that reducing the salinity of irrigation water may effectively reduce soil N2O emission, alleviate the degree of soil salinization, and increase crop yield.

scholarly journals Simulation of Water and Salt Transport in Soil under Pipe Drainage and Drip Irrigation Conditions in Xinjiang

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiming Li ◽  
Hongguang Liu ◽  
Xinlin He ◽  
Xinxin Li
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Alkali Soil ◽  
Total Salt Content ◽  
Mulching Films

With the popularization and development of drip irrigation under film, the problem of secondary soil salinization in Xinjiang is becoming more and more serious. To explore water and salt transport in drip irrigation under mulch and drainpipe drainage, drainage tests of drainage ditches in saline-alkali soil in the Xinjiang 112 group were used to monitor soil salinity changes by controlling field irrigation. Then, a HYDRUS (PC-Progress, Prague, Czech Republic) numerical model was used to simulate and analyze the changes in salinity during cotton growth and the autumn salt return stage in saline-alkali soil under drainage conditions. The agreement between the simulated and measured values was high, and the model parameters were reliable. During the growth period of cotton, the salinity continued to decrease, and the salt began to return after the harvest. Compared with before planting, in the 0–80 cm soil layer, the average desalinization rate reached 43.52% under the mulching films, and the average desalinization rate reached 13.83% under and between the mulching films. After the cotton was harvested, salt returned to the upper layer of soil. However, it still showed a decrease compared with the level before sowing. The average salt content of 0–80 cm soil decreased by 5.14%, and the average salt content of 0–200 cm decreased by 2.60%. This shows that the total salt content in soil will continue to decrease after long-term use of drip irrigation and underground pipe drainage.

scholarly journals Soil salinization risk assessment owing to poor water quality drip irrigation: A case study from an olive plantation at the arid to semi-arid Beit She'an Valley, Israel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Mirlas ◽  
Yaakov Anker ◽  
Asher Aizenkod ◽  
Naftali Goldshleger
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Study Objective

Abstract. Salinization causes soil degradation and soil fertility reduction. The main reasons for soil salinization are poor irrigation water quality and incorrect irrigation management. Soil salinization is accelerated owing to irrigation with treated wastewater with elevated salt concentration. The study area is located in the Beit She'an Valley, one of the most important agricultural regions in Israel. The combination of soil salinization and poor drainage conditions impedes plant development and is manifested in economic damage to crops. Without clear irrigation criteria, an increase in soil salinity and steady damage to soil fertility might occur. The study objective was to provide an assessment of soil salting processes as a result of low-quality irrigation water at the Kibbutz Meirav olive plantation. This study combined various research methods, including soil salinity monitoring, field experiments, remote sensing (FDEM), and unsaturated soil profile saline water movement modeling. The assessment included the salinization processes of chalky soil under drip irrigation by water with various qualities. With a drip irrigation regime of water with a dissolved salt content of 3.13 dS/m, the salinization process is characterized by salts accumulation in the upper root zone of the trees. The modeling results showed that there is a soil salinization danger in using brackish water and that irrigation with potable water helps to reduce soil salinization.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of shallow subsurface pipe drainage on soil salinity and crop yield in arid zone

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12622
Author(s):  
Haichang Yang ◽  
Weiye Chen ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Fenghua Zhang ◽  
Xiaohu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Shallow Subsurface ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Soil salinization is one of the key problems of sustainable development of arid agricultural land. Exploring the use of shallow subsurface pipe drainage to improve soil salinization. Methods This study investigates the desalinization effect of shallow subsurface pipe drainage, in combination with drip irrigation under plastic mulch, in an arid region in China. Field data collection was conducted in 2010. Soil salinity at a range of soil depths, water EC and pH of subsurface pipe drainage and crop yield during crop growth stages in salinized farmlands were measured. Results and Conclusion The results show that soil salinity was reduced significantly on mildly (1–3 dS m−1) and moderately (3–6 dS m−1) salinized farmlands. The highest desalinization rate of mildly and moderately salinized soils was 51% and 91% respectively. The desalinization in upper soil layers, to a depth of 60 cm, was more significant than that in lower soil layers. Drainage water salinity was much higher than irrigation water salinity. Crop yield on mildly and moderately salinized land increased about 25% and 50%, respectively. This indicates that the combination of drip irrigation and shallow subsurface pipe drainage on farmlands is potential feasible to desalt farmlands and to improve crop yield. The study has led to a desalinization of 330 ha year−1 in Xinjiang.

scholarly journals Modeling salinity risk response to irrigation practices for cotton production under film mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songrui Ning ◽  
An Yan ◽  
Beibei Zhou ◽  
Quanjiu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Risk Warning ◽  
Mulched Drip Irrigation

Abstract Predicting the impacts of the irrigation amount (IA), water salinity (WS), and antecedent soil salinity (AS) on soil salinization, the crop yield, and water productivities (WPs) are important for precision agriculture. We used a calibrated HYDRUS − 2D model coupled with a validated crop water production function to quantitatively determine the response of a soil − cotton system to three factors (IA, WS, and AS) in 30 scenarios under film mulched drip irrigation. These scenarios included five IAs, two ASs, and three WSs. Under the same IA and WS, the transpiration, evapotranspiration, yield, and WPs were lower, whereas the evaporation, drainage, soil water storage, and leached salt were higher under higher AS (over the salt tolerance threshold of cotton) scenarios. Under lower AS scenarios, desalination processes (20.2 to 166.8 g m−2) occurred in freshwater (0.38 dS m−1) irrigation scenarios and salt accumulated (425.8 to 1,442.4 g m−2) in saline water (3.10 and 7.42 dS m−1) irrigation scenarios. Desalination processes (2,273.4 to 4,692 g m−2) occurred in the higher AS scenarios. Salinity risk warning should be the focus for cotton fields with lower AS and saline water irrigation. Our results may help to identify the salinity risk to support sustainable cotton production in Xinjiang.

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