scholarly journals Formation of sowing qualities of peanut seed depending on treatment with growth stimulator “1R Seed treatment”

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
S.O. Yurchenko ◽  
A.V. Bahan ◽  
M.V. Omelych
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Growth Stimulator

scholarly journals Economic Assessment and Fungicide Use on Peanut Seed in the Southwestern United States1

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Smith ◽  
M. C. Black ◽  
W. J. Grichar ◽  
A. J. Jaks
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Seed protectant fungicides are an important part of a total pest management program of peanut and may reduce the use of other pesticides later in the growing season. A survey of peanut shellers was conducted to determine the amount of fungicide use and the important factors used in selecting particular fungicides for treating seed in the Southwestern United States. All peanut seed planted in Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico was treated with one or more fungicides and totaled 19,000 kg of five active ingredients applied on 12 million kg of seed. Captan was the leading active ingredient and made up 49% of all fungicide use. Shellers were the sole decision makers in selecting seed treatment fungicides and cited fungicide effectiveness and assurance of a good crop stand as the major factors in selecting a commercial product. Fungicide treatments made up 4% of the total cost of planting seed, for an average cost of $6.75/ha. A case study on the impact of seed treatments was conducted using 12 yr of field performance data in an economic assessment. Peanut yields were 36% higher when captan-treated compared with using untreated seed. In an economic assessment, net returns above variable costs were $331/ha higher when fungicide-treated seed was planted, compared to untreated seed. The case study showed that seed treatments provided positive economic returns in 10 out of the 12 yr and losses would result in 7 out of 12 yr if untreated seed were planted. Many of the present seed treatment fungicides will be reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and require re-registration under the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996.

Importance of Seed Transmission in The Spread of Cylindrocladium Crotalariae1

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Morris Porter ◽  
R. Walton Mozingo
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Isolation Frequency ◽  
Whole Seed

Abstract Cylindrocladium crotalariae, which causes Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR) of peanut (Arachis hypogaea), can be isolated at a low frequency from nondamaged peanut seed (seed size ≥6.4 × 25.4 mm slotted screen) not treated with a seed protectant fungicide. Peanut seed obtained from peanut fields in Suffolk, VA, and Martin County, NC, where CBR was severe in 1985 were infected at a frequency of 1.5% and 1.4%, respectively. Cylindrocladium crotalariae was isolated at twice the frequency from pieces of seed than from whole seed. However, C. crotalariae was not isolated from seed treated for 2 weeks with a seed protectant (DCNA + captan). The fungus was not isolated from seed devoid of testae or seed embryos, but was isolated from seed testae at a frequency of 0.4%. Discolored seed (≥6.4 × 25.4 mm) were infected at a frequency of 7.9%, but following seed treatment, the isolation frequency dropped to zero. Discolored seed measuring < 6.4 × 25.4 mm were infected with C. crotalariae at a frequency often exceeding 10%.

scholarly journals Influence of growth stimulants and microfertilizers on the productivity of Carthamus tinctorius in the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Ivan Vladimirovich Milovanov ◽  
Evgeniy Viktorovich Kandalov ◽  
Viktor Bisengalievich Narushev ◽  
Rima Zhambulovna Kozhagalieva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Growth Stimulator ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Sowing Seed

In the course of the research, it was found  out that the highest rates of photosynthetic activity of Carthamus tinctorius were noted in the variant where pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a growth stimulator zircon + treatment of crops in the budding phase with siliplant microfertilizer was carried out. In this variant, the leaf area of  the best variety Ershovsky 4 was 35.3 thousand m2 / ha, dry aboveground biomass - 7.49 t / ha, photosynthetic potential - 1941 thousand m2 / ha·day; net productivity of photosynthesis - 3.86 g / m2·day. On average for 2018–2020, the highest yield of safflower oilseeds of the Ershovsky 4 variety reached 1.89 t / ha. The highest (1.74 t / ha) average annual yield of safflower oilseeds of Astrakhanskiy 747 variety was also obtained using a similar option. To ensure a consistently high productivity of Carthamus tinctorius  agrocenoses in the arid conditions of the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank, it is recommended to expand the cultivation areas of the most adapted variety Ershovsky 4, using pre-sowing seed treatment with a zircon growth stimulator (30 ml / t) and processing crops in the budding phase with siliplant micronutrient fertilization (1 , 0 l / ha).

scholarly journals Peanut Seed Treatment with Hot Calcium Hydroxide Solutions1,2,4

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Abd El-Rehim ◽  
P. A. Backman ◽  
R. Rodriguez-Kabana ◽  
M. A. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Rate Of Emergence ◽  
Rapid Emergence

Abstract Peanut seed treatment with hot water (50 C for 20 min.) or hot aqueous solutions of Ca(OH)2 were found to stimulate the rate of peanut germination and increase final stand counts in laboratory and greenhouse trials. In field germination trials, seed soaked in hot Ca(OH)2 solutions and dried, were found to perform almost as well as seed treated with commercial fungicides. It is theorized that the soaking process may remove chemicals responsible for seed dormancy, and initiate germination processes, giving seed soaked in hot water a more rapid emergence. The rapid rate of emergence can lead to seedling escape from disease, which is assisted by the antifungal properties of Ca(OH)2.

The Incidence and Survival of Sclerotinia Minor in Peanut Seed

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Porter ◽  
R. A. Taber ◽  
D. H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Sclerotinia Minor ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Sclerotinia Blight ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Abstract The incidence of Sclerotinia minor was assessed in seed of two peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties (VA 81B and Florigiant) harvested from two fields in Virginia exhibiting disease symptoms typical of Sclerotinia blight. The incidence of S. minor in peanut seed with pink, light brown and dark brown testae riding a 6.4 × 25.4 mm screen averaged 1.5, 3.9 and 6.0%, respectively, from both fields. Similar trends were evident with colonization of seed by other fungi. The incidence of S. minor from pieces of testa removed from seed from both fields averaged 3.4% and 2.6%, respectively. However, the incidence of S. minor from seed cotyledons with testae removed was extremely low (<0.1%). Sclerotia of S. minor were not observed on, in or under the testa of seed or between the cotyledons of seed in prepared seed lots (lots containing only seed with pink and light brown testae). BOTEC, a seed treatment fungicide applied at recommended rate (2.5 g/kg), reduced the incidence of S. minor in peanut seed from 4.5% to 0.1%. Similar decreases were noted in other seedbome fungi commonly associated with peanut seed.

Producing Quality Peanut Seed

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2002 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmo B. Whitty
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Agricultural Sciences

This document is SS-AGR-187, one of a series of the Agronomy Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date November 2002.

Comparative Effectiveness Of Seed Treating And Foliar Insecticides Against Sucking Pests Of Cotton And Impact On Their Natural Enemies

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
SMA Hossain ◽  
MA Baque ◽  
MR Amin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Thrips Population ◽  
Cotton Cultivar

The Imidacloprid insecticide, Gaucho 70 WS at 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 g/kg seed was used as seed treatment and monocrotophos 40 WSC at 1120 ml/ha was applied as foliar spray on CB9 cotton cultivar to suppress aphid, whitefly and thrips, and impact on their natural enemies during 2008-2011 at the Regional Cotton Research Station, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The activity of natural enemies, such as ladybird beetle, lacewing, syrphid, and spider population on the sucking pests attacking cotton cultivar CB9 and yield of cotton were recorded. Imidacloprid significantly reduced aphid, whitefly, and thrips population on cotton crops compared to untreated control or foliar spray of monocrotophos 40 WSC at 1120 ml/ha. Ladybird beetles, lacewings, syrphids, and spiders were abundant in the field but their population decreased in the treated plots compared to untreated control. The CB9 cotton cultivar produced significantly higher yield (1.73 t/ha) with a benefit cost ratio 12.47 when seeds were treated with Imidacloprid at 5.5 g/kg fuzzy seed. This study indicated that Imidacloprid (Gaucho 70 WS) used as a seed treatment may be suggested to the cotton growers for controlling sucking pests. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(1): 61-70, March 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i1.15190

Improvement of separate elements of the techno-logy of cultivation of white cabbage in the conditions of the of the central region of the non-chernozem zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Konstantinovich ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kuracheva ◽  
E.D. Binkevich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Sowing Seed

In conditions of climate change, when temperature and precipitation fluctuations occur more and more frequently during the growing season, it is necessary to obtain high quality seedlings with "immunity" to various stress factors, including high weediness, the damage from which is associated with a decrease in yield (by 25 -35%) and with a deterioration in the quality of agricultural products. Due to the imbalance in production technology, seedlings are often weakened, overgrown, with a low yield per unit area and survival rate in the field. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of PP for pre-sowing seed treatment to increase the competitiveness of seedlings in the field.

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